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Investigation on influence of drilling unloading on wellbore stability in clay shale formation

Petroleum Science 2020年第3期17卷 781-796页

作者： Yi Ding Xiang-Jun Liu Ping-Ya Luo State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500SichuanPeople's Republic of China Deep Earth Energy Lab Department of Civil EngineeringMonash UniversityMelbourne 3800Australia

Wellbore collapse frequently happens in the clay shale *** maintain wellbore stability,appropriate mud pressure is a vital *** clay formation is opened,drilling unloading occurs,modifying rock structure and strength at the wall of borehole,which affects the selection of mud ***,mechanism of drilling unloading is still poorly understood which in return will bring a concern to wellbore ***,in this study,a combination of triaxial compressive test and ultrasonic wave test has been used to simulate drilling unloading and analyze its *** indicate that more void space is created inside the clay shale sample due to *** structure change leads to a decline of strength and acoustic ***,unloading influence is depended on varying drilling unloading *** unloading range and fast unloading rate are able to enhance *** various degrees of unloading impact,collapse pressure equivalent density has a clear modification,proving that unloading is a non-negligible influencing factor of wellbore ***,the unloading effect is much stronger in large confining pressure,implying that more attention should be given to unloading when drilling is in extreme deep or high geostress *** in this paper can offer theoretical guidance for drilling in the clay shale formation.

关键词： Drilling unloading clay shale Wellbore stability Rock strength

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A multi-stage triaxial testing procedure for low permeable geomaterials applied to Opalinus clay

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第3期9卷 137-148页

作者： Katrin M. Wild Marco Barla Giovanni Turinetti Florian Amann Engineering Geology Group Geological Institute ETH Zürich Sonneggstrasse 5 Zürich 8092 Switzerland Department of Structural Building and Geotechnical Engineering Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino 10129 Italy Swiss Competence Center of Energy Research Supply of Electricity (SCCER-SoE) Geological Institute ETH Zürich Sonneggstrasse 5 Zürich 8092Switzerland

In many engineering applications,it is important to determine both effective rock properties and the rock behavior which are representative for the problem’s in situ *** this purpose,rock samples are usually extracted from the ground and brought to the laboratory to perform laboratory experiments such as consolidated undrained(CU)triaxial *** low permeable geomaterials such as clay shales,core extraction,handling,storage,and specimen preparation can lead to a reduction in the degree of saturation and the effective stress state in the specimen prior to testing remains *** changes in structure and the effect of capillary pressure can alter the properties of the specimen and affect the reliability of the test results.A careful testing procedure including back-saturation,consolidation and adequate shearing of the specimen,however,can overcome these *** substantial effort has been devoted during the past decades to the establishment of a testing procedure for low permeable geomaterials,no consistent protocol can be *** a special focus on CU tests on Opalinus clay,this study gives a review of the theoretical concepts necessary for planning and validating the results during the individual testing stages(saturation,consolidation,and shearing).The discussed tests protocol is further applied to a series of specimens of Opalinus clay to illustrate its applicability and highlight the key aspects.

关键词： Triaxial test Saturation Consolidation Undrained Opalinus clay clay shale

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