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Intra-seasonal variability of the abyssal currents in COMRA's contract area in the clarion-clipperton zone

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第11期41卷 1-11页

作者： Fangfang Kuang Jing Cha Junpeng Zhang Aijun Pan Hangyu Chen Xiwu Zhou Chunsheng Jing Xiaogang Guo Third Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China

In this paper,the intra-seasonal variability of the abyssal currents in the China Ocean Mineral Resources Association(COMRA)polymetallic nodule contact area,located in the western part of the clarion and clipperton Fraction zone in the tropical East Pacific,is investigated using direct observations from subsurface mooring instruments as well as sea-surface height data and reanalysis products.Mooring observations were conducted from September 13,2017 to August 15,2018 in the COMRA contact area(10°N,154°W).The results were as follows:(1)At depths below 200 m,the kinetic energy of intra-seasonal variability(20-100 d)accounts for more than 40%of the overall low-frequency variability,while the ratio reaches more than 50%below 2000 m.(2)At depths below 200 m,currents show a synchronous oscillation with a characteristic time scale of 30 d,lasting from October to the following January;the energy of the 30-d oscillation increases with depth until the layer of approximately 4616 m,and the maximum velocity is approximately 10 cm/s.(3)The 30-d oscillation of deep currents is correlated with the tropical instability waves in the upper ocean.

关键词： intra-seasonal variability abyssal currents clarion-clipperton zone tropical instability waves

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Spatial patterns of phytoplankton communities in an International Seabed Authority licensed area(COMRA,clarion-clipperton zone)in relation to upper ocean biogeochemistry

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第11期41卷 45-57页

作者： Yu Wang Aiqin Han Xuebao He Fangfang Kuang Feng Zhao Peng Xiang Kuidong Xu Third Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

The clarion-clipperton zone(CCZ)hosts one of the largest known oceanic nodule fields worldwide and is regulated by the International Seabed Authority.A baseline assessment of diversity and distribution patterns is essential for reliable predictions of disturbed ecosystem response scenarios for sustained commercial activities in the future.In the present study,the spatial patterns and diversity of phytoplankton communities were analyzed along with upper ocean biogeochemistry,in the licensed China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association(COMRA)contract area and the surrounding western CCZ between August 21 and October 8,2017.Results indicated this was a typical low-nutrient low-chlorophyll a(Chl a)environment,characterized by low levels of phytoplankton abundance and diversity.In total 112 species belonging to 4 phyla were recorded(>10μm),with species counts including 82 diatoms,27 dinoflagellates,1 cyanobacteria and 2 chrysophyte.Dominant taxa in successive order of descending abundance and occurrence included Nizschia marina,Cyclotella stylorum,Dactyliosolen mediterraneus,Rhizosolenia setigera,Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima,Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii,Synedra sp.,Chaetoceros simplex and Pseudo-nitzschia circumpora.The depth-averaged abundance and Chl a concentrations were(265±233)cells/L and(0.27±0.30)μg/L,respectively.Diatoms accounted for 90.94%of the community with(241±223)cells/L,while dinoflagellates accounted for 5.67%and(15±13)cells/L.The distribution pattern exhibited the same trend as abundance,Chl a and species richness,showing subsurface maximum levels at around 100 m,with stations near 10°N having higher levels than in the north.Cluster analysis was performed in two assemblages,relating to geographic locations to the south and north of 12°N.The subsurface maximum of abundance,Chl a,species richness,dissolved oxygen and nitrite were generally corresponding to the presence of high salinity North Pacific Central Water at depths of 50-120 m.Higher availability of nitrate,phosphate and silicic acid in the s

关键词： phytoplankton communities spatial patterns diversity upper ocean biogeochemistry clarion-clipperton zone baseline assessment

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