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Processes for the clarification of the Crude Oil of Baobab Seeds Extracted by Pressing on Activated Carbon Elaborated from the Capsules of the Fruit (Adansonia digitata L.)

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2023年第2期13卷 105-118页

作者： Edouard Mbarick Ndiaye Alioune Sow Kalidou Ba Mouhamed Ndoye Yousra El Idrissi Seyni Ndiaye Hamza El Moudden Papa Guedel Faye Hicham Harhar Nicolas Ayessou Mohamed Tabyaoui Mady Cisse Laboratory of Water Energy Environment and Industrial Processes (LE3PI) ESP-UCAD ESP-UCAD Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Materials Nanotechnology and Environment Faculty of Sciences-Rabat Mohammed V University of Rabat Rabat Morocco Laboratory of Biological Agronomic Food Sciences and Modeling of Complex Systems (LABAAM) UFR of Agronomic Scienc-es Aquaculture and Food Technologies (S2ATA) Gaston Berger University of Saint-Louis Saint-Louis Senegal Higher School of Technology of El Kelaa of The Sraghna Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco

The baobab, Adansonia digitata L. plays an important role in the economy of local populations. The oil from the seeds of the baobab fruit is nowadays highly prized because of its numerous cosmetic and therapeutic applications and its composition of unsaturated fatty acids, sterols and tocopherols. However, unlike refined oils, locally extracted baobab oil has not undergone purification operations to ensure its quality. Only a filtration on special cloths is carried out after decantation. Indeed, the oil obtained after pressing is cloudy because of the presence of various impurities. It therefore requires treatment operations to make it more attractive and of higher quality. Therefore, in order to provide innovative solutions to local companies to improve the quality of vegetable oils, a study of clarification (treatment) of crude oil is necessary. An experimental device has been developed in the laboratory. It includes a glass column and a filter bed of dune sand and activated carbon. This study has shown the efficiency of the experimental device. Indeed, the activated carbon, thanks to its adsorbing power, has allowed a significant decrease in turbidity at the 5% threshold, from 14.61 NTU for the raw oil to 0.08 NTU for the oil filtered on 3% carbon and 0.033 NTU for the oil filtered on 5% carbon. That is to say an abatement higher than 95%. This decrease in turbidity could be correlated with the decrease in brown index from 187.39a for the initial crude oil to 128.53d for the oil treated with 3% activated carbon versus 187.59a for the oil filtered on cloths. The lowest brown index was observed with the filtration using 5% activated carbon (35.99b). Thus, for the yellowness index, only the filtration on 5% charcoal allowed to obtain a significant decrease in yellowness. The yellowing index of the oil with 5% was 44.67b against 79.04a for the oil filtered with 3% activated carbon, 86.33a fo

关键词： Activated Carbon Baobab Oil clarification Filtration Process

Seismic Signature Analysis for clarification of Mud Volcanoes from the New Mud Diapirs Discovered at the NE-SW Moroccan Atlantic Margin

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第11期12卷 973-982页

作者： Asher Hategekamungu Nadia Mhammdi Amine Manar Mohamed Department of Earth Sciences Scientific Institute Laboratory LGRN and GEOPAC research Centre University Mohammed V in Rabat Av. Ibn Batouta Agdal Rabat Morocco Department of Petroleum Exploration Direction and South Offshore Office National des Hydrocarbures et des Mines (ONHYM) Rabat Morocco

Our aim is to clarify mud volcanoes from the new mud diapirs resulting from the seismic attributes analysis applied to the low resolution Burmah oil “1973-1974” seismic data. The latter was carried out on the Larache and Tanger-Larache offshores from the NE-SW Atlantic margin. The high resolution seismic data was essential for this evaluation. In this case, we applied seismic signature analysis to four seismic profiles from the map of the seismic data set, which includes all new mud diapirs. This helped us to classify different types of mud diapirs within the seismic profiles. And as a result, six deep mud diapirs from the Prerifaine Nappe of Morocco, a shallow mud diapir, and four seafloor-piercing mud diapirs have been observed. Furthermore, the seafloor-piercing mud diapirs show a mushroom-shaped and conical-shaped cone. As they break through the seafloor, these kinds of cones characterize mud volcanoes. In this case, we may conclude that the resultant seafloor-piercing mud diapirs are likely to be mud volcanoes. However, more geological sampling and seafloor observation are still required.

关键词： Seismic Signature Analysis clarification Mud Volcanoes Discovered Mud Diapirs NW-SW Moroccan Margin

磁性纳米粒子负载木瓜蛋白酶的制备、表征及用于果汁澄清(英文)

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催化学报 2013年第10期34卷 1897-1904页

作者： Leila Mosafa Majid Moghadam Mohammad Shahedi Department of Food Science College of AgricultureIsfahan University of Technology Department of Chemistry Catalysis DivisionUniversity of Isfahan

The preparation,characterization,and application of silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles for papain immobilization is *** was covalently attached onto the(3-chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane-modified silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles. The enzyme-immobilized nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray powder diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and vibrating sample magnetometry *** surface methodology combined with statistical analyses using Minitab were employed to evaluate optimum operating conditions to immobilize papain on the magnetic *** optimum conditions were: temperature = 27.3℃,pH of the enzyme solution = 7.1,concentration of papain = 3.3 mg/mL,and immobilization time = 10 *** with the free papain,the immobilized papain displayed enhanced enzyme activity,better tolerance to variations in the medium pH and temperature,improved storage stability,and good *** the free and immobilized enzymes were effective for the clarification of pomegranate juice.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticle Papain Immobilization Juice clarification Enzyme activity

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教师道德自我的遮蔽与澄明

Wash water in waterworks:contaminants and process options for reclamation

教育学 2024年第1期

作者：王凯周欣茹

道德自我是道德行为所以可能的前提，是道德完善的出发点，因而师德发展应表现为教师道德自我的建构过程。教师道德自我是开放和发展的自我，在他律与自律的共同作用中发展，是教师教育实践的道德风貌。然而，长期以来师德建设重视规范... 详细信息

道德自我是道德行为所以可能的前提，是道德完善的出发点，因而师德发展应表现为教师道德自我的建构过程。教师道德自我是开放和发展的自我，在他律与自律的共同作用中发展，是教师教育实践的道德风貌。然而，长期以来师德建设重视规范性师德，导致教师道德自我被遮蔽，师德建构抽离生命历程，缺失内生动力，个体合理需求被忽视。因此，有必要回归实践，在行动中发现教师道德自我；重建规范，在互动中导引教师道德自我；直面问题，在探究中提升教师道德自我。

关键词：规范性师德教师道德自我遮蔽澄明 normative teacher morality teachers' moral self concealment clarification

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第11期20卷 1300-1305页

作者： C B Chidambara Raj Tan Ee Kwong Soh Hoo Tiong Paul Stefan Klose Centre for Advanced Water Technology Singapore Utilities International Pte Ltd.82 Toh Guan Road East # C4-03Singapore 608575 Public Utilities Board Water Supply (Plants) Department40 Scotts Road #14-00Singapore 228231

Reclamation of clean water from filter backwash water was studied through pilot-scale *** pilot plant consisted of clarification,sand-filtration,and ultrafiltration modules in sequence,with a provision to bypass the sand *** water that conformed to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on Potable Quality was ***,aluminum and iron were found to be critical contaminants in process selection and ***,followed by sand filtration,was found to be the minim...

关键词： filter backwash clarification water treatment aluminium Giardia

Stormwater treatment： examples of computational fluid dynamics modeling

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第5期6卷 638-648页

作者： Gaoxiang YING John SANSALONE Srikanth PATHAPATI Giuseppina GAROFALO Marco MAGLIONICO Andrea BOLOGNESI Alessandro ARTINA Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611-6450 USA DISTART Universita di Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 2 40136 Bologna Italia

Control of rainfall-runoff particulate matter （PM） and PM-bound chemical loads is challenging; in part due to the wide gradation of PM complex geometries of many unit operations and variable flow rates. Such challenges and the expense associated with resolving such challenges have led to the relatively common examination of a spectrum of unit operations and processes. This study applies the principles of computa- tional fluid dynamics （CFD） to predict the particle and pollutant clarification behavior of these systems subject to dilute multiphase flows, typical of rainfall-runoff, within computationally reasonable limits, to a scientifically acceptable degree of accuracy. The Navier-Stokes （NS） system of nonlinear partial differential equations for multi- phase hydrodynamics and separation of entrained particles are solved numerically over the unit operation control volume with the boundary and initial conditions defined and then solved numerically until the desired convergence criteria are met. Flow rates examined are scaled based on sizing of common unit operations such as hydrodynamic separators （HS）, wet basins, or filters, and are examined from 1 to 100 percent of the system maximum hydraulic operating flow rate. A standard turbulence model is used to resolve flow, and a discrete phase model （DPM） is utilized to examine the particle clarification response. CFD results closely follow physical model results across the entire range of flow rates. Post-processing the CFD predictions provides an in-depth insight into the mechanistic behavior of unit operations by means of three dimensional （3-D） hydraulic profiles and particle trajectories. Results demon- strate the role of scour in the rapid degradation of unit operations that are not maintained. Comparisons are provided between measured and CFD modeled results and a mass balance error is identified. CFD is arguably the most powerful tool available for our profession since continuous simulation modeling.

关键词： stormwater unit operations and processes(UOPs) hydrodynamic separation filtration adsorption,computational fluid dynamics (CFD) turbulence modeling,discrete phase model particle separation detention/reten-tion basins clarification

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构成要件理论的误解与澄清

STUDY ON THE COLORED GLASSES AND ITS PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

刑事法学 2015年第8期 174-182页

作者：潘星丞

四要件与三阶层的论战，暴露出双方对于犯罪论体系核心概念“构成要件”的误解，有必要正本清源。费尔巴哈之构成要件是从日常语义上理解的“可罚条件总和”或罪状，包含主、客观要素；贝林之构成要件是方法论概念，其作为犯罪类型的指... 详细信息

四要件与三阶层的论战，暴露出双方对于犯罪论体系核心概念“构成要件”的误解，有必要正本清源。费尔巴哈之构成要件是从日常语义上理解的“可罚条件总和”或罪状，包含主、客观要素；贝林之构成要件是方法论概念，其作为犯罪类型的指导形象，具有连结违法、有责的机能，只包含客观要素；小野对贝林存在误解，但其构成要件作为犯罪类型，也具有方法论意义，是违法有责的法律定型，包含主、客观要素。德、日三阶层迥异；四要件只能与费尔巴哈构成要件相对应。

关键词：犯罪论体系构成要件四要件三阶层正本清源 Criminal Liability System Tatbestand Four-element System Three-stage System clarification

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 1990年第1期5卷 59-65页

作者：董莲叶刘彦春林云飞

The composition design and melting technique of colored glasses based on wollastonite was studied. The density, expansion coefficient, thermostability, durability and some optical properties of glasses were measured. The results show: These glasses have low melting temperature and short clarifying time. Their physicochemical properties were improved res- pectively to a certain degree.

关键词： Colored glasses Wollastanite Melting clarification Spectrum

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采用滤过柱综合法进行药酒“除沉”处理

中国现代应用药学 1994年第1期11卷 56-56页

作者：郑燕鹏浙江绍兴中药厂

采用滤过柱综合法进行药酒“除沉”处理郑燕鹏（浙江绍兴中药厂，绍兴３１２０００）ＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＣｌｅａｎｉｎｇｔｈｅＳｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｓｏｆＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＭｅｄｉｃｉｎａｌＬｉｑｕｏｒｗｉｔｈａＣ... 详细信息

采用滤过柱综合法进行药酒“除沉”处理郑燕鹏（浙江绍兴中药厂，绍兴３１２０００）ＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＣｌｅａｎｉｎｇｔｈｅＳｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｓｏｆＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＭｅｄｉｃｉｎａｌＬｉｑｕｏｒｗｉｔｈａＣｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅＭｅｔｈｏ...

关键词： Chinese medicinal liquor Filter column clarification