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Genetic Evolution Analysis on Wild Isolates of citrus tristeza virus Originated in China Based on Coat Protein Genes Sequences

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第11期9卷 1623-1629页

作者： YI Long ZHOU Chang-yong ZHOU Yan LI Zhong-an citrus Research Institute Southwest University~Citrus Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chongqing 400712 P.R. China Jiangxi Navel Orange Engineering and Technology Research Center Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P.R.China

The coat protein （CP） genes were cloned and sequenced from viral particles of 11 isolates of citrus tristeza virus （CTV） collected from wild citrus plants in China and 4 Chinese isolates from cultivated sweet orange and pummelo varieties, respectively. By analyzing and comparing the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of CP genes, the 11 wild CTV isolates were found over 92% identical with 4 Chinese CTV isolates and 21 exotic CTV isolates from cultivated citrus. From 91 to 100% of the CTV CP gene sequences in wild type citrus plants were generally well conserved. Genetic evolution analysis indicated that the GC% of the CP gene was less than AT%, and more transition were found in the CP genes than transversion with the transition/transversion ratio ranging from 6.3 to 7.0 among species. The substitution frequency was the highest at the third codon, followed by the first and second codon. The ratio of non-synonymous mutations （du） to synonymous mutations （ds） was far lower than 1, suggesting that the CP gene might have experienced purifying selection in the evolution. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 11 CTV isolates in Chinese wild type citrus belonged to different phylogenetic clusters, and shared higher homology and closer relationships with other cultivated citrus CTV isolates from different countries, which indicated complicated genetic relationships among the CTV isolates. In addition, CTV isolates with similar biological characteristics usually located into the same clusters. Therefore, the conclusion was drawn that pathogenicity was critical to evolution and origin of CTV.

关键词： wild type citrus citrus tristeza virus sequence comparison phylogenetic evolution

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Spatial and temporal spread of citrus tristeza virus and its aphid vectors in the North western area of Morocco

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Insect Science 2016年第6期23卷 903-912页

作者： Abdesslam Elhaddad Amal ElAmrani Alberto Fereres Aranzazu Moreno Faculty of Science and Technics of Tangier Abdelmalek Essaadi University Morocco- Ancienne Route de I'Aeroport Km 10 Ziaten. BP:416 Tanger Morocco Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (ICA-CSIC) CISerrano 115 dpdo. 28006 Madrid Spain

First report of citrus tristeza virus （CTV, Closterovirus） in Morocco datesback to 1961 in collections of citrus varieties. An exhaustive survey of citrus in the north of the country in 2009 revealed that CTV was spread all over the citrus production area. We attempted to evaluate the relative contribution of different aphid species in the spread of CTV disease in a citrus reticulata orchard at the Loukkous region during 2 years （2012 and 2013）. The overall CTV incidence estimated in the experimental site increased from 17.8% in 2012 to 31.15% in 2013. The most abundant aphid species colonising clementine trees was Aphis spiraecola and A. gossypii. Both aphid species reached their maximum peaks during the spring season. The rate of viruliferous aphids, estimated by real-time RT-PCR of single aphid, revealed that 35.4% of winged A. gossypii and 28.8% of winged A. spiraecola were viruliferous, confirming a high inoculum pressure in the area surrounding the experimental site. The aphid species Toxoptera citricida, which is able to transmit the aggressive isolates of CTV, was not found in the Loukkous region. The study of the spatial distribution of the CTV showed that in general, the disease was randomly distributed in the field. Overall, the results seem to indicate that A. spiraecola may be considered as the major aphid species contributing to CTV spread in our experimental conditions. The prevalence of mild strains in the region and the high level of aphid flight activity could explain the rapid evolution of CTV incidence in the experimental area.

关键词： aphids Aphis gossypii Aphis spiraecola citrus citrus tristeza virus spatial distribution

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Nucleotide Sequence Assessment of Four ORFs of citrus tristeza virus: Evidence of Recombination

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第3期92卷 691-705页

作者： Adel A.Rezk Hala A.Amin Department of Agricultural Biotechnology College of Agricultural and Food ScienceKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia virus and Phytoplasma Research Department Plant Pathology Research InstituteAgricultural Research Center(ARC)Giza12619Egypt

citrus tristeza virus(CTV),usually occurs in nature as a mixture of *** naturally infected citrus(citrus sinensis)trees grafted on sour orange rootstock were collected from three citrus growing governorates in Egypt(Sharqia,Qalyubia and Garbia).In this study,RT-PCR,Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism(SSCP)and nucleotide sequence analysis were used for four independent CTV genomic regions(p65,p18,p20,and p23)to detect and assess the sequence and genetic variabilities among CTV Egyptian *** products(650 bp)for the CTV p23 gene obtained from the selected isolates were used for the SSCP analysis and DNA *** patterns of p23 gene for individual isolates yielded different complex haplotype *** sequence analysis of p23 region amplified from six isolates under study revealed that p23 shared high nucleotide identity 98.7%with T36 isolate from USA,*** analysis of p23 gene indicated a close evolutionary relationship between all examined isolates and Qaha isolate(T36 isolate group),suggesting that they may have originated from closely related *** sequence analysis of the three genes located on CTV 3′-coterminal overhang,p18,p20 and p65,amplified from isolate A3,Sharqia governorate,revealed that the p18,p65,and p20 genes were related to the T3-KB isolate from South Africa with 99%–100%sequence *** relationship analysis for p65,p18 and p20 ORFs clustered the current A3 isolate with T3 genotype *** recombination analysis identified three of six isolates from Sharqia,and Garbia as potential recombinant for p23 *** isolates T36 and T3 were identified as major donors for recombination events in isolate *** results concluded that p23 ORF likely to be as a hotspot region for recombination and originated through recombination *** current study indicated that recombination is an important factor for the origin of CTV strains in Egypt.

关键词： citrus tristeza virus hotspot region phylogenetic relationship analysis sequence comparison SSCP analysis

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Genetic Diversity and Global Distribution of citrus tristeza virus (CTV) Strains

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2012年第2期19卷 9-18页

作者： Wu Xiao-yun Cheng Xiao-fei Luo Lu Wu Xiao-xia College of Agriculture and Food Science Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University Linan 311300 Zhejiang China College of Life and Environmental Science Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036 China College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology Ministry of Education Harbin 150030 China

citrus tristeza virus （CTV）, the most devastating viral pathogen in citrus, causes tremendous economic losses to citrus industry worldwide. The CTV isolates exhibit variable pathogenicities on their hosts indicating a mixed population of the CTV in nature. Several fragments within the CTV genome have been used for studying the genetic diversity of the CTV, however, the best region for rapid the CTV strain differentiation is still absent at present. In present study, a systemic analysis was carried out to evaluate the best region within the CTV genome for rapid CTV strain differentiation. Results of our study showed that the major coat protein （CP） coding region was the best region for this purpose. Using pair-wise distance frequency distribution plot, a reasonable genetic distance cut-off value was set for the CTV CP gene for the CTV strain differentiation. Using this criterion, eight CTV strains, including seven well characterized and a new strain, were successfully differentiated using 537 CTV isolates reported from 38 countries. The global strain distribution pattern was then determined and discussed. Our results also provided a new insight into the evolution and spreading of the virus, as well as the information for developing proper disease management strategy.

关键词： citrus tristeza virus phylogenetic analysis strain differentiation recombination strain distribution pattern evolution

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Genetic Diversity and Global Distribution of citrus tristeza virus（CTV） Stains

Genetic Diversity and Global Distribution of Citrus Tristeza...

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中国植物病理学会2012年学术年会

作者： WU Xiao-Yun~1 LUO Lu~1 CHENG Xiao-Fei~(2*) (1.College of Agricultural and Food Science,Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Linan 311300,China 2.College of Life and Environmental Science,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 310036,China)

＜正＞citrus tristeza virus（CTV）,the most devastating viral pathogen in citrus,causes tremendous economic losses to citrus industry *** isolates exhibit variable pathogenicities on their hosts indicating a mixed population of CTV in *** fragments within the CTV genome have been used for studying the genetic diversity of CTV,however,the best region for rapid CTV strain differentiation is still absent at *** present study,a systemic analysis was carried out to evaluate the best region within CTV genome for rapid CTV strain *** of our study show that the major coat protein（CP） coding region is the best region for the this *** pair-wise distance frequency distribution plot,a reasonable genetic distance cut-off value was set for CTV CP gene for CTV strain *** this criterion,eight CTV strains,including seven well characterized and a new strain,were successfully differentiated using 537 CTV isolates reported from thirty-eight countries. The global strain distribution pattern was then determined and *** results also provide new insight into the evolution and spreading of the virus,as well as the information for developing proper disease management strategy.

关键词： citrus tristeza virus phylogenetic analysis strain differentiation recombination strain distribution pattern

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Pomelo,a resistance variety to citrus tristeza virus in peninsular Malaysia

Pomelo,a resistance variety to Citrus tristeza virus in peni...

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International Conference on Biotechnology and Food Science（ICBFS 2011）

作者： Kavous Ayazpour Kamaruzaman Sijam Ganesan Vadamalai Hawa Jaafar Plant Protection Department University Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia

citrus tristeza virus（CTV）is the most important viral disease of citrus and is distributed *** of ELISA and PCR methods showed that all citrus varieties including Fortunella sp.,Citrofortunella microcarpa and Citromelo in major citrus growing areas of Malaysia were infected with CTV in a high *** most areas,pomelo however was free of infection,but in Cameron Highlands,we found some strains of CTV that were severe to Citromelo and *** studies revealed that these strains were familiar to CTV isolates from China and Japan and were very differ from CTV isolates of USA and New Zealand.

关键词： citrus tristeza virus Phylogeny analysis Strain CP gene Malaysia

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High Codon Adaptation in citrus tristeza virus to Its citrus Host

High Codon Adaptation in Citrus Tristeza Virus to Its Citrus...

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中国植物病理学会2012年学术年会

作者： CHENG Xiao-Fei~(1*) WU Xiao-Yun~2 LUO Lu~2 (1.College of Life and Environmental Science,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 310036,China 2.College of Agricultural and Food Science,Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University,Linan 311300,China)

＜正＞citrus tristeza virus（CTV）,a member of the genus Closterovirus within the family Closteroviridae,is the causal agent of citrus tristeza *** studies revealed that the negative selection,RNA recombination and gene flow were the most important forces that drove CTV ***,the CTV codon usage was not studied and thus its role in CTV evolution remains unknown. In present study,a detailed comparative analysis of CTV codon usage pattern was *** of the study show that although in general CTV does not have a high degree of codon usage bias,the codon usage of CTV has a high level of resemblance to its host codon *** addition,our data indicate that the codon usage resemblance is only observed for the woody plant-infecting closteroviruses but not the closteroviruses infecting the herbaceous host plants,suggesting the existence of different virus-host interactions between the herbaceous plant-infecting and woody plant-infecting *** on the results, we suggest that in addition to RNA recombination,negative selection and gene flow,host plant codon usage selection can also affect CTV evolution.

关键词： citrus tristeza virus Synonymous codon usage citrus sinensis Codon resemblance virus-host interaction

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Genetic Characteristics of citrus tristeza virus Isolates from Cultivated citrus in China Based on Coat Protein Gene

Genetic Characteristics of Citrus Tristeza Virus Isolates fr...

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作者： Yiqun Chen Xiaoshang You Bo Chen Long Yi College of Life Sciences Gannan Normal University Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Nanxiong

citrus tristeza virus(CTV) is an important citrus pathogen causing considerable economic loss to citrus *** on genetic evolutionary of the CTV population in China remains *** this study, 1439 samples were collected from nine citrus-producing areas of *** coat protein(CP) genes of CTV were amplified by RT-PCR, and sequenced to analyze the genetic *** of the base composition showed an AU preference pattern, with the GC content was lower than AU *** CTV populations were clustered into one clade in neighbor-joining(NJ) tree, indicative of a close phylogenetic relationship among the populations in *** of molecular variation(AMOVA) revealed that 77.72% genetic variations of CTV populations were observed among populations, with an FST value of *** values of dN/dS and neutrality test of CP gene were ranged from 0.016 to 0.082 and-1.377 to 1.456, respectively, the results suggesting that all of nine CTV populations were relatively constantly maintained under purifying *** study demonstrated the genetic characteristics and molecular evolution relationship of CTV populations in China, and provided a theoretical basis for scientific control of CTV.

关键词： citrus tristeza virus Cultivated citrus Coat Protein Gene Genetic Evolution

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Overview of Strain Characterization in Relation to Serological and Molecular Detection of citrus tristeza Closterovirus

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第4期90卷 1063-1074页

作者： Yasir Iftikhar Mazhar Abbas Mustansar Mubeen Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye Faheema Bakhtawar Sonum Bashir Ashara Sajid Muhammad Asif Shabbir Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Institute of Horticultural Sciences University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan

tristeza is a devastating viral disease in all the citrus growing countries throughout the world and has killed millions of citrus trees in severely affected *** citrus species grafted on sour orange rootstock are affected by this ***,the sweet orange,grapefruit and lime trees grafted on sour orange exhibit severe symptoms like quick decline,vein clearing,pin holing,bark scaling and degeneration leading to variable *** expression of citrus tristeza virus(CTV)in different hosts has been attributed to virus isolates which are from severe to *** serological and molecular assays have been deployed to differentiate the strains of *** tristeza virus is diversified towards its strains on the basis of biological,serological and molecular *** expression is due to genetic alteration and different molecular basis have now been adopted for strain *** review will give a brief idea about the different CTV isolates,their characterization based on nucleic acid and serological *** methods along with salient features for strain characterization has also been *** review will also open the new aspects towards formulation of management strategies through different detection techniques.

关键词： citrus tristeza virus symptomology detection serology isolates and host rang

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