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Females prefer males producing a high-rate song with shorter timbal-stridulatory sound intervals in a cicada species

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 103-112页

作者： Zehai HOU Yunxiang LIU Songshan WEI Cong WEI Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control College of ForestryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Uncovering mate choice and factors that lead to the choice are very important to understanding sexual selection in evolutionary change.Cicadas are known for their loud sounds produced by males using the timbals.However,males in certain cicada species emit 2 kinds of sounds using respectively timbals and stridulatory organs,and females may produce their own sounds to respond to males.What has never been considered is the mate choice in such cicada species.Here,we investigate the sexual selection and potential impact of predation pressure on mate choice in the cicada Subpsaltria yangi Chen.It possesses stridulatory sound-producing organs in both sexes in addition to the timbals in males.Results show that males producing calling songs with shorter timbal–stridulatory sound intervals and a higher call rate achieved greater mating success.No morphological traits were found to be correlated with mating success in both sexes,suggesting neither males nor females display mate preference for the opposite sex based on morphological traits.Males do not discriminate among responding females during mate searching,which may be due to the high energy costs associated with their unusual mate-seeking activity and the male-biased predation pressure.Females generally mate once but a minority of them re-mated after oviposition which,combined with the desirable acoustic traits of males,suggest females may maximize their reproductive success by choosing a high-quality male in the first place.This study contributes to our understanding mechanisms of sexual selection in cicadas and other insects suffering selective pressure from predators.

关键词： cicadidae female choice mating success predation pressure sexual selection.

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The best of both worlds:cicada males change costly signals to achieve mates while females choose a mate based on both calling and courtship songs

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Current Zoology 2022年第6期68卷 716-725页

作者： Zehai HOU Songshan WEI Cong WEI Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of the Ministry of Education College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Cicadas usually sing and mate in the higher parts of trees.Studies addressing the effects of different acoustic signals on mate choice in cicadidae are very limited.We investigated the effects of both acoustical features and morphological traits on mate choice in an East Asian cicada Platypleura kaempferi.Males produce high-rate calling songs that attract females,then produce low-rate courtship songs to secure mating when a female is attracted.Higher calling song rate(CR),shorter single-pulse duration,and shorter pulse period of the calling song,together with lower courtship song rate and longer echeme period of the courtship song,are the most desirable traits used by females to choose a mate.These traits indicate that the more amale can raise the rate of song production,the higher the probability he is sexually selected by the female.No correlation was found between morphological traits and mating success.After mating,a minority of males started emitting calling songs again,but the CR was significantly lower than before mating and none of them attracted a new mate later.This promotes females mating with unmated males.We hypothesize that P.kaempferi may have the best of both worlds due to the unique song modulation and the mechanism of female mate choice:males change energetically,costly acoustic signals to achieve mates,while females choose a mate based on males’acoustic properties.Our results contribute to better understanding the diversity of mating preference and enrich the mechanism of mate choice in acoustic insects.

关键词： acoustic insects cicadidae courtship mate choice song modulation

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True cicadas (cicadidae) as prey for the birds of the Western Palearctic: a review

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Avian Research 2020年第2期11卷 174-182页

作者： Pere Pons Departament de Ciències Ambientals Universitat de Girona

Background:True cicadas(cicadidae)are large and temporarily abundant insects.Their availability may produce demographic and behavioural effects on bird populations,as happens with forest avifauna feeding on periodical cicadas in North America.In Europe,the Near East and North Africa,knowledge of cicada predation by birds is sparse.Methods:To help fill this gap,I consulted Cramp’s Birds of the Western Palearctic,conducted a search of online databases and used search engines to generate a database of Western Palearctic birds known to eat cicadas.Results:A total of 105 species(16%of those occurring in the region)belonging to 13 orders,and comprising 20 of the 33 passerine families,were found to consume cicadas.I estimated that 69 of these bird species are known to consume cicadas within the limits of the Western Palearctic.Many terrestrial birds predate on cicadas,preferably on adults.Avian predators include cuckoos,owls,bee-eaters,woodpeckers,falcons,reed-warblers,larks,crows and jays,buntings,shrikes,pipits and wagtails,flycatchers and chats,tits,sparrows,leaf-warblers,starlings,warblers and thrushes,but also terns and gulls.Nymphs are consumed by some passerines,owls and herons.Cicadas can make up as much as 70%of food items delivered to nestlings.Analysis of stomach contents and neck collar samples are the most common methods used in diet studies.Conclusions:Available knowledge is biased towards species that have been more intensively studied,and often lack proper quantification of prey items.More studies about the relative importance of cicadas as prey for birds in the Western Palearctic are needed.I suggest using non-invasive studies based on pellets and droppings and prioritizing declining bird species.

关键词： Bird species cicadidae Cramp’s handbook Diet studies Predator-prey relationships

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中国安蝉属一新种(同翅目:蝉科)

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Insect Science 1995年第3期 236-238页

作者：雷仲仁周尧李莉西北农业大学昆虫研究所西北农业大学昆虫研究所陕西杨陵 712100

本文描述了采自中国海南岛的安蝉属Chremistica一新种,长钩安蝉Chremistica longa sp. nov. 。新种C. longa与小安蝉C. nana Chen近似,但体较大;腹瓣后端不向内倾斜或稍倾斜。雄性外生殖器差别显著,本种抱钩基部突起很短,而两侧的钩状... 详细信息

本文描述了采自中国海南岛的安蝉属Chremistica一新种,长钩安蝉Chremistica longa sp. nov. 。新种C. longa与小安蝉C. nana Chen近似,但体较大;腹瓣后端不向内倾斜或稍倾斜。雄性外生殖器差别显著,本种抱钩基部突起很短,而两侧的钩状细突很长,几乎是基突长的2—3倍,且末端下弯;而后种抱钩基突长,两侧的短棒状突起仅为基突长的1/2,末端与基突平齐。正模♂,副模1♀,海南岛营根(200m),1960年7月,李常庆采。模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究。

关键词： Homoptera cicadidae Chremistica new species

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