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chlorella sp.-ameliorated undesirable microenvironment promotes diabetic wound healing

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第1期13卷 410-424页

作者： Hangyi Wu Pei Yang Aiqin Li Xin Jin Zhenhai Zhang HuiXia Lv Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hosp.tal of Nanjing Medical University Suqian 223800China Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023China Affiliated Hosp.tal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210028China

Chronic diabetic wound remains a critical challenge suffering from the complicated negative microenvironments,such as high-glucose,excessive reactive oxygen sp.cies(ROS),hypoxia and malnutrition.Unfortunately,few strategies have been developed to ameliorate the multiple microenvironments simultaneously.In this study,chlorella sp.(chlorella)hydrogels were prepared against diabetic wounds.In vitro experiments demonstrated that living chlorella could produce dissolved oxygen by photosynthesis,actively consume glucose and deplete ROS with the inherent antioxidants,during the daytime.At night,chlorella was inactivated in situ by chlorine dioxide with human-body harmless concentration to utilize its abundant contents.It was verified in vitro that the inactivated-chlorella could supply nutrition,relieve inflammation and terminate the oxygen-consumption of chlorella-resp.ration.The advantages of living chlorella and its contents were integrated ingeniously.The abovementioned functions were proven to accelerate cell proliferation,migration and angiogenesis in vitro.Then,streptozotocininduced diabetic mice were employed for further validation.The in vivo outcomes confirmed that chlorella could ameliorate the undesirable microenvironments,including hypoxia,high-glucose,excessiveROS and chronic inflammation,thereby synergistically promoting tissue regeneration.Given the results above,chlorella is considered as a tailor-made therapeutic strategy for diabetic wound healing.

关键词： chlorella sp. Diabetic wound healing Oxygen production Glucose consumption ROS depletion Nutrition supplement Anti-inflammation

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Physiological and ultralstructural changes of chlorella sp. induced by UV-B radiation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第8期15卷 678-683页

作者： YU Juan1, TANG Xuexi1*, ZHANG Peiyu 1,2, TIAN Jiyuan1 and DONG Shuanglin1(1. Division of Life Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China 2. College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 2731653, China) Division of Life Science and Technology Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China College of Life Sciences Qufu Normal University Qufu 2731653 China

In order to investigate the mechanisms of enhanced UV-B radiation on algae, the effects of UV-B radiation on the physiological and ultrastructural changes of chlorella sp. were examined. The results showed that UV-B radiation could inhibit the growth and photosynthesis of microalgae. UV-B radiation at lower doses increased the photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a (Chla) and carotenoid (Car)) contents, while at higher doses of UV-B radiation Chla and Car contents were decreased. The ultrastructure of chlorella sp. without exposure to UV-B showed that the thylakoid lamellae were clear and regular, the stroma of its chloroplast was apparent and clear. The globules with photosynthetic pigments and the cristae of mitochondria were clearly seen. After exposure to UV-B radiation at dose of 2.88 kJ/m2, the thylakoid lamellae of chlorella sp. were lost and dissolved, the globules which contained photosynthetic pigments in chloroplast were bleached; some mitochondria cristae were dissolved; slight plasmolysis was found in some chlorella sp. cells. After exposure to 5.76 kJ/m2 UV-B radiation, the thylakoid was in disarray and disintegration, plasmolysis was found in most cells, and the cell wall was broken and began to fall out. Many blank areas were observed in cells, mitochondria were seriously deformed and most of the mitochondria cristae were dissolved. Also, globules containing photosynthetic pigments in chloroplast were bleached and some empty globules were found in chloroplast. Therefore, UV-B radiation could damage cell structure of chlorella sp., and this damage increased with the dose of UV-B radiation they exposed to.

关键词： UV-B radiation physiological changes ultrastructure chlorella sp.

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Metabolic and physiological regulation of chlorella sp.(Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) under nitrogen deprivation

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第1期37卷 186-198页

作者： YONG Wai-Kuan LIM Phaik-Eem VELLO Vejeysri SIM Kae-Shin ABDUL MAJID Nazia MUSTAFA Emienour Muzalina NIK SULAIMAN Nik Meriam LIEW Kan-Ern CHEN Brenna Jia-Tian PHANG Siew-Moi Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of Malaya Institute of Graduate Studies University of Malaya Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science University of Malaya School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences University of Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya Airbus Group Malaysia Menara HLA Aerosp.ce Malaysia Innovation Centre

A freshwater green microalgae chlorella sp., UMACC344 was shown to produce high lipid content and has the potential to be used as feedstock for biofuel production. In this study, photosynthetic effciency, biochemical pro?les and non-targeted metabolic pro?ling were studied to compare between the nitrogen-replete and deplete conditions. Slowed growth, change in photosynthetic pigments and lowered photosynthetic effciency were observed in resp.nse to nitrogen deprivation. Biochemical pro?les of the cultures showed an increased level of carbohydrate, lipids and total fatty acids, while the total soluble protein content was lowered. A trend of fatty acid saturation was observed in the nitrogen-deplete culture with an increase in the level of saturated fatty acids esp.cially C16:0 and C18:0, accompanied by a decrease in proportions of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Fifty-nine metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, phytochemical compounds, vitamins and cofactors were signi?cantly dysregulated and annotated in this study. Pathway mapping analysis revealed a rewiring of metabolic pathways in the cells, particularly purine, carotenoid, nicotinate and nicotinamide, and amino acid metabolisms. Within the treatment period of nitrogen deprivation, the key processes involved were reshu ? ing of nitrogen from proteins and photosynthetic machinery, together with carbon repartitioning in carbohydrates and lipids.

关键词： metabolic profiling chlorella sp. nitrogen stress lipid fatty acid

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气升式光生物反应器中chlorella sp.优化培养与油脂提取

气升式光生物反应器中Chlorella sp.优化培养与油脂提取

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作者：桂冰大连理工大学

学位级别：硕士

富油微藻能够有效地利用太阳能生产生物柴油,从而实现从无机碳到有机碳的绿色转化。然而,在提高油脂产量的同时降低微藻培养过程的能耗,是实现微藻生物柴油商业规模化生产的关键。本文选择能够耐受较高浓度CO2的chlorella sp.作为模型生... 详细信息

富油微藻能够有效地利用太阳能生产生物柴油,从而实现从无机碳到有机碳的绿色转化。然而,在提高油脂产量的同时降低微藻培养过程的能耗,是实现微藻生物柴油商业规模化生产的关键。本文选择能够耐受较高浓度CO2的chlorella sp.作为模型生物,探讨了在气升式光生物反应器中微藻培养条件的优化及能量利用效率提高的问题,并对下游脂质提取技术和脂肪酸分析进行初步研究。与以往许多相关研究不同,本文从能量利用而不仅是生物产量的角度来考察整个培养过程,希望为以微藻为原料的生物柴油生产提供有价值的借鉴。通过对比不同CO2浓度和光照条件下chlorella sp.生长情况,发现CO2浓度提高和光照强度的增大都能显著促进其生长速率的提高。同时光源会影响碳源的利用,因光照强度的差异,外置光源和内置光源的最适二氧化碳浓度分别为10%(v/v)和5%(v/v),最大生物量浓度分别为3.68 g/L,0.47 g/L。当保持CO2浓度为5%时,chlorella sp.在光强为15.6 W/m2时获得最大生物量浓度和最大生物产量,分别为3.63g/L和246.35 mg/(L·d)。由于光照较弱,内置光纤的净产量仅为28.30 mg/(L·d),然而与外置光源相比侧光光纤能够将光更有效地分散于培养基中,其光能利用率大大提高。消耗相同能量时,内置光源系统的生物产量较外置光源提高了8.6～25.6倍,在适宜的通气速率下(0.6 L/min),单位能耗生物产量最高可达4.40g/(W·d)。氮饥饿能促进脂质积累但不利于生物产量的提高,缺乏氮源时chlorella sp.可能利用叶绿素等作为胞内氮源,随着氮饥饿的延长叶绿素a浓度降低。当培养基中NaNO3和柠檬酸铁铵浓度分别为1.5 g/L和6 mg/L时,脂质产量可达到最大值5.66 mg/(L·d)。 chlorella sp.能够在有机物和光源同时存在时进行混合代谢,在模拟生活污水中比生长率及油脂产量分别达到0.0033d-1和6.96 mg/(Ld),污染物去除率达到95%以上。研磨、超声、反复冻融和酸热均能达到不同程度的细胞破壁效果,其中超声处理的破壁率最高达到65.25%。四种有机溶剂中,乙醇溶剂的提取效果最优,在60。C时获得22.00%的最大油脂得率。chlorella sp.的脂肪酸中C16和C18占主要优势,多元不饱和脂肪酸酸含量相对较少,能够满足一些商用生物柴油的标准。另外,不同提取溶剂和培养条件均会对脂肪酸组成和含量产生影响。因此,我们可以根据需求定向地选择有机溶剂和培养条件来优化生物柴油产品的品质。

关键词：光生物反应器 chlorella sp. 生物柴油油脂提取

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Disinfection byproduct formation from algal organic matters after ozonation or ozone combined with activated carbon treatment with subsequent chlorination

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第6期33卷 233-241页

作者： Qiufeng Lin Feilong Dong Cong Li Junkui Cui School of Environment and Architecture University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200433China Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Montclair State UniversityMontclairNew Jersey 07043United States College of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310032China

Algal organic matter(AOM),including extracellular organic matter(EOM)and intracellular organic matter(IOM)from algal blooms,is widely accepted as essential precursors of disinfection byproducts(DBPs).This study evaluated the effect of ozonation or ozone combined with activated carbon(O_(3)-AC)treatment on characteristic alternation and DBP formation with subsequent chlorination of chlorella sp..The effects of p H and bromide concentration on DBP formation by ozonation or O_(3)-AC treatment were also investigated.Results showed that the potential formation of DBPs might be attributed to ozonation,but these DBP precursors could be further removed by activated carbon(AC)treatment.Moreover,the formation of target DBPs was controlled at acidic pH by alleviating the reactions between chlorine and AOM.Besides,the bromide substitution factor(BSF)value of trihalomethanes(THMs)from EOM and IOM remained constant after AC treatment.However,THM precursors could be significantly decreased by AC treatment.The above results indicated that O_(3)-AC was a feasible treatment method for algal-impacted water.

关键词： Ozone combined with activated carbon treatment chlorella sp. Disinfection byproducts PH Bromide substitution factor

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耐盐小球藻的筛选及对盐胁迫下油脂合成的转录调控机制研究

耐盐小球藻的筛选及对盐胁迫下油脂合成的转录调控机制研究

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作者：戴文娜安徽工程大学

学位级别：硕士

微藻油脂的积累通常在胁迫条件下实现,因此从极端环境中筛选抗逆藻株逐渐受到研究者的重视。荒漠盐碱水域环境条件恶劣,在此环境中生长的微藻具有更强的抗逆性,积极开展荒漠产油微藻资源的收集与筛选,对微藻生物柴油的开发应用将起到重... 详细信息

微藻油脂的积累通常在胁迫条件下实现,因此从极端环境中筛选抗逆藻株逐渐受到研究者的重视。荒漠盐碱水域环境条件恶劣,在此环境中生长的微藻具有更强的抗逆性,积极开展荒漠产油微藻资源的收集与筛选,对微藻生物柴油的开发应用将起到重要的推动作用。本研究开展了荒漠微藻的分离筛选及其分子鉴定,并对盐胁迫下微藻细胞的生长及油脂积累情况进行了分析,同时深入阐释了细胞油脂合成的调控机制,以期达到提高微藻油脂产量的目的。首先,本研究在新疆塔里木盆地的盐碱水域分离筛选出18株藻株,荧光显微镜观察发现,一株编号为DT025的藻株荧光强度最高,经分子鉴定确定该藻属于小球藻chlorella sp.。进一步对该微藻的pH耐受性进行了探讨,结果发现,该藻细胞pH耐受范围较广,其中在pH值6-9范围内,细胞生长较好。在pH值7-8之间,最适合藻细胞产油。当pH值为7.5时,微藻细胞的油脂产量与产率达到最大,分别为 1.58 g/L 和 0.198g/(L·d)。其次,本研究以0 g/L、15 g/L、30 g/L和40 g/L四个盐浓度进行微藻培养,探讨盐胁迫对微藻生长及油脂积累的影响。结果表明,随着盐浓度的增加,对微藻细胞生长的抑制作用越明显。在0 g/L盐浓度环境下,藻细胞浓度可达4.39×108 CFU/mL,而在40 g/L盐浓度下,细胞浓度仅为9.1×107 CFU/mL,相较接种时的3.97×107 CFU/mL细胞数量几乎没有增长。但在本实验盐浓度范围内,微藻细胞油脂含量具有随着盐浓度增加而升高的趋势,其中在30 g/L盐浓度下细胞油脂含量为最高,达到64.89%。此外,通过GC-MS对不同处理微藻的油脂脂肪酸组分进行了分析,发现盐胁迫也会对脂肪酸组分产生影响。由于盐浓度的增加,微藻细胞内的饱和脂肪酸C16:0比例增加,而不饱和脂肪酸C18:1和C18:3的比例减少。最后,对微藻在不同盐浓度下油脂合成的转录调控机制进行了研究。通过RNA-Seq分析发现,在盐胁迫下,微藻细胞内参与油脂合成及转运过程的基因表达量上调,且甘油脂的合成代谢方向主要指向脂肪酸合成,它们分别为:糖酵解途径中的葡糖6-磷酸1-表异构酶以及甘油脂合成途径中的三酰基甘油酯酶和甘油脂-3-磷酸酰基转移酶。同时,丙酮酸脱氢酶的基因表达量下调,有利于乙酰辅酶A的积累,进一步促进脂肪酸的合成。本研究通过盐胁迫使微藻细胞油脂含量增加,同时利用RNA-Seq技术,分析出微藻油脂合成的代谢途径及影响油脂合成的关键基因,为以后进一步提高chlorella sp.DT025的油脂产量提供了一定的理论基础和技术参考。

关键词： chlorella sp. 筛选盐胁迫油脂合成转录组调控机制

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