检索结果-南通市图书馆

Inoculation with chlamydospores of Trichoderma asperellum SM-12F1 accelerated arsenic volatilization and influenced arsenic availability in soils

引用

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第2期14卷 389-397页

作者： WANG Xiu-rong SU Shi-ming ZENG Xi-bai BAI Ling-yu LI Lian-fang DUAN Ran WANG Ya-nan WU Cui-xia Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment Ministry of Agriculture

Fungi capable of arsenic（As） accumulation and volatilization are hoped to tackle As-contaminated environment in the future. However, little data is available regarding their performances in field soils. In this study, the chlamydospores of Trichoderma asperellum SM-12F1 capable of As resistance, accumulation, and volatilization were inoculated into As-contaminated Chenzhou（CZ） and Shimen（SM） soils, and subsequently As volatilization and availability were assessed. The results indicated that T. asperellum SM-12F1 could reproduce well in As-contaminated soils. After cultivated for 42 days, the colony forming units（cfu） of T. asperellum SM-12F1 in CZ and SM soils reached 10^10–10^11 cfu g^–1 fresh soil when inoculated at a rate of 5.0%. Inoculation with chlamydospores of T. asperellum SM-12F1 could significantly accelerate As volatilization from soils. The contents of volatilized As from CZ and SM soils after being inoculated with chlamydospores at a rate of 5.0% for 42 days were 2.0 and 0.6 μg kg^–1, respectively, which were about 27.5 and 2.5 times higher than their corresponding controls of no inoculation（CZ, 0.1 μg kg^–1; SM, 0.3 μg kg^–1）. Furthermore, the available As content in SM soils was decreased by 23.7%, and that in CZ soils increased by 3.3% compared with their corresponding controls. Further studies showed that soil p H values significantly decreased as a function of cultivation time or the inoculation level of chlamydospores. The p H values in CZ and SM soils after being inoculated with 5.0% of chlamydospores for 42 days were 6.04 and 6.02, respectively, which were lowered by 0.34 and 1.21 compared with their corresponding controls（CZ, 6.38; SM, 7.23）. The changes in soil p H and As-binding fractions after inoculation might be responsible for the changes in As availability. These observations could shed light on the future remediation of As-contaminated soils using fungi.

关键词： arsenic volatilization availability soil chlamydospores T.asperellum SM-12F1

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

<i>Ustilaginoidea virens</i>Infection of Rice in Arkansas: Toxicity of False Smut Galls, Their Extracts and the Ustiloxin Fraction

引用

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第21期5卷 3166-3176页

作者： Hamed K. Abbas Wayne Thomas Shier Rick D. Cartwright Gabe L. Sciumbato United States Department of Agriculture Agriculture Research Service Biological Control of Pests Research Unit Stoneville USA Department of Medicinal Chemistry College of Pharmacy University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Cooperative Extension Service Little Rock USA Delta Research and Extension Center Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES) Stoneville USA

Cool, wet conditions in the southern US during the maturing stages of rice in 1998 contributed to outbreaks of false smut caused by Ustilaginoidea virens. Water extracts of false smut galls in Asia have been reported to contain ustiloxin toxins, cyclic peptide antibiotics that interfered with microtubule function and caused “lupinosis”-like lesions in mice. Cell-free extracts from false smut galls on rice grown in Arkansas were fractionated by a published procedure for the purification of ustiloxins. The ustiloxin fraction was phytotoxic to Lemnapausicostata (duckweed) at ≥19 μg/ml, but the host plant, rice, was much less susceptible, exhibiting phytotoxic effects in germinating seeds at ≥1000 μg/ml. The aqueous extract of rice false smut galls showed no cytotoxicity to mammalian cell cultures at 200 μg/ml, but the ustiloxin fractionwas cytotoxic at 10 - 100 μg/ml. However, rice false smut galls were not toxic when fed to mice at 10% of chow, but caused feed refusal at higher concentrations. We conclude that for 1) the U. virens which causes false smut in southern USA differs from Asian isolates in that does not produce detectable ustiloxins;and 2) false smut affects the appearance, but not the food safety of rice in the United States.

关键词： Phytotoxicity Cytotoxicity Mouse Toxicity Ustiloxins chlamydospores

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：