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china’s Fiscal Policy in the Past seven Decades:Characteristics,Experience and Prospects

china finance and Economic Review 2019年第4期8卷 29-48页

作者： Zhiyong Yang National Academy of Economic strategy Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

The paper reviews the fi scal policies adopted by china in the past 70 years,summarizes their characteristics at different stages and looks into the future fiscal policy options for china.The fiscal policy history since the founding of the People’s Republic of china can be divided into four stages.stage 1:1949-1952,the market-oriented fi scal policy aiming to restore the national economy;stage 2:1953-1978,the planned fi scal policy;stage 3:1978-2012,the fi scal policy accommodating the needs of economic transformation;and stage 4:2012-present,the fiscal policy accommodating the needs of the new era.A look at the above fiscal policy history draws the following conclusions.(1)The goal of the fiscal policy should be set based on a correct understanding of the role of the state;(2).For the fi scal policy to work,it must respect the fi scal law;(3)The fi scal policy must aim higher than the goal of macroeconomic stability and provide guarantees for industrialization and modernization;(4)The government should understand fi scal defi cits while proactively guarding against fi scal risks;(5)The implementation of the fi scal policy must go hand in hand with the fi scal reform;(6)The funding for the fi scal policy must come from diverse sources;(7)The choice of the fi scal policy should fully consider external impacts.The future fi scal policy should revolve around serving the modernization of china’s governance system and capacity,and serving china’s contribution to the building of a community with a shared future for humanity.We should update our knowledge on the fi scal policy to support the decision-making for the choice of fi scal policy.The goal of fi scal policy should be set in coordination with that of other policies.Moreover,from the perspective of the government’s disposable revenue and cash fl ow,the paper probes into the space and challenges for future fi scal policy and sorts the problems of the transmission mechanism that might prevent the fi scal policy from working.

关键词： fiscal policy china’s public finance fiscal reform macroeconomic regulation

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