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Effect of Robusta (<i>Coffea canephora P.</i>) Coffee cherries Storage after Harvest before Putting Out for Sun Drying on Development of Toxigenic Fungi and the Variation of the Physicochemical Components

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第2期5卷 117-126页

作者： Irene Ahou Kouadio Mathias Kouame Koffi Mireille Bretin Dosso Laboratory of Biochemistry and Food Sciences UFR Biosciences University Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan Ivory Coast Pasteur Institute of Ivory Coast Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

In this study, the effects of the storage duration of coffee cherries after harvest before putting out for sun drying on the kinetics of drying, fungi development and the variation of physicochemical content were evaluated. The results showed that the longer coffee cherries were stored after harvest before putting out for sun drying, the quicker they dried. Indeed, the drying durations were 19, 16, 12, 10, 7 days respectively for coffee cherries put out for sun drying at the day of harvest, the second, the fourth, the sixth and the eighth day after harvest. However, this storage of the cherries after harvest before putting out for sun drying led to the increasing to the infection of cherries by fungi. Indeed, samples of more contaminated inside were those from the lots of cherries stored 8 days after harvest before putting out for sun drying with 55.55% of the samples infected with a percentage of infected beans between 10% and 50%, and 44.45% of the samples were infected with a percentage of infected beans between 50% and 100%. Furthermore, those put out for sun drying at the day of harvest were free inside by fungi. Among the fungi isolated, toxigenic species was found. However, no relationship between the frequencies of ochratoxin A producing strains isolated and the storage duration of the cherries after harvest before putting out for sun drying was noted. This storage of the cherries after harvest before putting out for sun drying also led to the acidification of the cherries (pH = 5.27 - 3.6) and the degradation of their chlorogenic acids content (12.58% - 10.30%) while for their caffeine content (2.53% - 2.55%). No significant difference was observed about the storage duration of the cherries after harvest before putting out for sun drying.

关键词： Coffee cherries Fungi Aspergillus Toxigenic Physicochemical Components

Sensing the Moisture Content of Dry cherries—A Rapid and Nondestructive Method

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 38-42页

作者： Chari Venkatkrishna Kandala Ramesh Avula Vijayasaradhi Settaluri Ronda Srinivasa Reddy Naveen Puppala Department of Biotechnology K.L. University Vaddeswaram India New Mexico State University Clovis USA. R&D Cherry Central Traverse City USA United States Department of Agriculture Dawson USA

Impedance (Z), and phase angle (θ) of a parallel-plate capacitor with a single cherry fruit between the plates were measured using a CI meter (Chari’s Impedance meter), at 1 and 9 MHz. Capacitance C was derived from Z and θ, and by using the C, θ, and Z values of a set of cherries whose moisture content (MC) values were later determined by the hot air-oven method, a calibration equation was developed. Using this equation, and their measured C, θ, and Z values, the MC of a group of cherries, not used in the calibration, was predicted. The predicted values were compared with their vacuum-oven values. The method worked well with an R2 value of 0.98 and a standard error of prediction (SEP) of 1.24, in the measured moisture range between 5% and 20%.

关键词： cherries Moisture Content Capacitance Impedance Phase Angle Regression CI Meter

Rural transformation:Cherry growing on the Guanzhong Plain, China and the Adelaide Hills, South Australia

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2019年第5期29卷 675-701页

作者： Guy M.ROBINSON 宋冰洁 Department of Geography Environment and Population University of Adelaide School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal University

This paper echoes a tradition in agricultural geography by focusing on a single crop:cherries. It illustrates how developments associated with globalisation and growing urban markets are re-shaping rural areas. The interplay between global and local is investigated in two different contexts. A Chinese example reflects transformations affecting the countryside following national economic reforms. Focusing on the hinterland of Xi'an, capital of Shaanxi Province, it examines farmers' responses to the changing socio-political context and the rising size and wealth of the local market. Individual initiatives backed by government support have spawned localised concentrations of cherry growing and increased horticultural ***-based tourism is creating new relationships between farmers and consumers, with farms becoming more diversified and multifunctional. The second example is the Adelaide Hills, South Australia, where cherry growing is increasingly combined with direct sales to consumers and gastronomic tourism. The paper addresses contrasts and similarities between the two examples in the interplay between global and local, and a ‘multifunctional transition' in farming. Concluding remarks include reference to new economic links forged between China and Australia through relaxations on cherry imports to China and new patterns of Chinese foreign direct investment into Australian cherry production. A research agenda for future research is suggested.

关键词： cherries agriculture rural tourism globalisation multifunctional China Australia

Nondestructive Determination of Moisture Content in Dry Fruits by Impedance and Phase Angle Measurements

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Journal of Sensor Technology 2015年第4期5卷 73-80页

作者： Chari V. Kandala Ron Holser Jaya Sundaram Naveen Puppala National Peanut Research Laboratory USDA Dawson GA USA Russell Research Center USDA Athens GA USA Faculty of Engineering University of Georgia Athens GA USA Clovis Center New Mexico State University Clovis NM USA

An electronic method to estimate the moisture content (MC) of dry fruits by measuring the impedance (Z) and phase angle (θ) of a cylindrical parallel-plate capacitor with dry fruit sample between the plates, using a CI meter (Chari’s Impedance meter) at 1 and 9 MHz is described. Capacitance C was derived from Z and θ, and using the C, θ, and Z values of a set of dried cherries, whose MC values were later determined by the vacuum hot air-oven method, a calibration equation was developed. Using this equation, and their measured C, θ, and Z values, the MC of a group of cherries, not used in the calibration, was predicted. The predicted values were compared with their air-oven values. Similar predictions were done using the same method on dried blueberries. The method worked well with a good R2 value, and showed a low standard error of prediction (SEP) in the measured MC range between 5% and 30% for cherries, and 9% and 22% for blueberries.

关键词： cherries Blueberries CI Meter Moisture Content Capacitance Impedance Dry Fruits