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Addressing the chengjiang conundrum: A palaeoecological view on the rarity of hurdiid radiodonts in this most diverse early Cambrian lagerstatte

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 1-15页

作者： Yu Wu Stephen Pates Jiaxin Ma Weiliang Lin Yuheng Wu Xingliang Zhang Dongjing Fu State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environmentsand Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Department of Zoology University of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridge CB23EJUnited Kingdom

Over one hundred arthropod fossil species have been described from the famous chengjiang Lagerst?tte(South China, Cambrian Stage 3, ca. 518 Ma) including a diverse assemblage of radiodonts–a group containing Anomalocaris and its relatives. These iconic stem-group euarthropods include some of the largest animals of the time, and some are known from hundreds of specimens. A longstanding conundrum has been the rarity or absence of hurdiids from Cambrian Series 2 Lagerst?tten like chengjiang. This is because radiodonts are generally common in such deposits and the oldest radiodont ever discovered is a hurdiid. Furthermore, this family displays the widest geographic and temporal ranges of all radiodont families, and the highest diversity. Here we document the first hurdiid frontal appendages from chengjiang, which display unique features within the family and may provide insights for understanding the character evolution of hurdiid appendages. The palaeoenvironmental distribution of hurdiids suggests that the rarity of hurdiids in chengjiang may be due to a preference for deeper water environments,and the later success of this family from the Wuliuan onwards may relate to their ability to tolerate cooler water temperatures than other radiodont families. The palaeogeographical, palaeoenvironmental, and stratigraphical patterns observed in hurdiids maybe caused in part by the limited distributions of Konservat-Lagerst?tten in the Cambrian as well.

关键词： Radiodonta Hurdiidae Panarthropoda Palaeobiogeography Palaeoenvironment chengjiang lagerstatte

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The earliest-known ancestors of Recent Priapulomorpha from the Early Cambrian chengjiang lagerstatte

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第17期49卷 1860-1868页

作者： HAN Jian SHU Degan ZHANG Zhifei LIU Jianni Department of Geology and Key Laboratory for Continental Dynam-ics of the Education Ministry Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geo-sciencesBeijing 100083China

The taxonomy of an early ancestor of Recent Priapulidae, Xiaoheiqingella peculiaris (= Yunnanpriapulus halteroformis Huang et al., 2004) from the Early Cambrian chengjiang fossil Lagerst?tte, is revised. Morphological characters comprise a pair of caudal appendages rather than a single appendage flanking the trunk end and a possible urogenital duct found inside the preanal region. An addi- tional extremely rare fossil priapulid worm, Paratubiluchus bicaudatus gen. nov., sp. nov. is also described herein. Its diagnostic characters are: an introvert bearing 25 longitudi- nal rows of scalids, a distinct neck region, no annulus on the oval trunk, and a pair of caudal appendages. The proportion of body parts is similar in size to that of loricate larvae of Recent priapulids and larva-formed Palaeopriapulitidae. Taking account of the features of Xiaoheiqingella, bicaudal appendages are considered to be a synapomorphy of Pri- apulidae and Tubiluchidae. Paratubiluchus gen. nov. is most likely a candidate for the ancestor of the Tubiluchidae; it probably originated from a larva-formed priapulid with 25 rows of scalids, thus representing an intermediate link be- tween the priapulids in mature-form and the priapulids with lorica.

关键词： Early Cambrian chengjiang lagerstatte priapulids Xiaoheiqingella Paratubiluchus

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A New Platy-armored Worm from the Early Cambrian chengjiang lagerstatte,South China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第1期77卷 1-6页

作者： HAN Jian, ZHANG Xingliang, ZHANG Zhifei and SHU Degan Early Life Institute and Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, NW Univ Xian Early Life Inst Xian 710069 Shaanxi Peoples R China NW Univ Xian Dept Geol Xian 710069 Shaanxi Peoples R China

The Lower Cambrian chengjiang lagerstatte provides a good window to explorethe origin and radiation of early bilaterians. Here we describe a netted sclerite-bearing wormTabelliscolex hexagonus gen. et sp. nov., and tentatively assign it to palaeoscolecidans ofpriapulids. The cuticle of the animal is covered with two kinds of platy sclerites which areconstructed by hexagonally arranged tubercles Similar structures of the sclerites can be seen onsome Cambrian palaeoscolecidans and lobopods, so, this new species is critical for understanding therelationships between lobopods and palaeoscolecidans.

关键词： chengjiang lagerstatte Cambrian Priapulida sclerites China

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Pediculate Brachiopod Diandongia pista from the Lower Cambrian of South China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第3期77卷 288-293页

作者： ZHANG Zhifei, HAN Jian, ZHANG Xingliang, LIU Jianni and SHU DeganEarly Life Institute and Key Laboratory for Continental Dynamics of the Ministry of Education,Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069 E-mail: zhangelle@*** Wang Si’en and Xie Guanglian NW Univ Xian Early Life Inst Xian 710069 Peoples R China NW Univ Xian Key Lab Continental Dynam Minist Educ Xian 710069 Peoples R China

The chengjiang lagerstatte has been celebrated for prolific soft-bodied fossils. Based on specimens recently excavated in the chengjiang lagerstatte by the Early Life Institute, Northwest University, Diandongia pista Rong, 1974, is directly revealed to be a pediculate brachiopod, assigned to the Family Botsfordiidae, as is further confirmed by the exceptionally preserved vascular system including dorsal and ventral mantle canals. These specimens described herein exhibit some peculiarities, notably the extremely thin and long pedicles, which suggest that Diandongia is epifaunal rather than burrowing brachiopod. A study of this group of animals indicates that they may be vital to understand the relationship between the lingulids and the remaining brachiopods, and the character evolution of the early Cambrian brachiopods.

关键词： chengjiang lagerstatte soft-bodied fossils mantle canals character evolution Cambrian China

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