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A prototype portable instrument employing micro-preconcentrator and FBAR sensor for the detection of chemical warfare agents

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2022年第1期5卷 43-48页

作者： Xu Yan Hemi Qu Ye Chang Wei Pang Xuexin Duan State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

The presence of chemical warfare agents(CWAs)in the environment is a serious threat to human safety,but there are many problems with the currently available detection methods for *** example,gas chromatography–mass spectrometry cannot be used for in-field detection owing to the rather large size of the equipment required,while commercial sensors have the disadvantages of low sensitivity and poor ***,we develop a portable gas sensing instrument for CWA detection that consists of a MEMSfabricated micro-preconcentrator(μPC)and a film bulk acoustic resonator(FBAR)gas *** μPC is coated with a nanoporous metal–organic framework material to enrich the target,while the FBAR provides rapid detection without the need for extra carrier *** methylphosphonate(DMMP),a simulant of the chemical warfare agent sarin,is used to test the performance of the *** results show that the μPC provides effective sample pretreatment,while the FBAR gas sensor has good sensitivity to DMMP *** combination of μPC and FBAR in one instrument gives full play to their respective advantages,reducing the limit of detection of the ***,both the μPC and the FBAR are fabricated using a CMOS-compatible approach,and the prototype instrument is compact in size with high portability and thus has potential for application to in-field detection of CWAs.

关键词： Micro-preconcentrator Film bulk acoustic resonator chemical warfare agent Microelectromechanical system

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Bacterial microcompartment-mimicking Pickering emulsion droplets for detoxification of chemical threats under sweet conditions

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 3039-3049页

作者： Xiao Xu Wenqi Xie Ting Wu Chen Chen Xiaoning Chen Yuheng Yang Hao Lian Hao Chen Xiaofeng Cheng Zhitong Chen Guojun Chen Chaoqun Liu Lanlan Chen Yu He Zhaowei Chen Bernard P.Binks Huanghao Yang New Cornerstone Science Laboratory MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and BiologyCollege of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Rosalind&Morris Goodman Cancer Research Institute McGill UniversityMontreal QC H3A 1A3Canada School of Pharmacy Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Department of Chemistry University of HullHull HU67RXUK

chemical warfare agents represent a severe threat to mankind and their efficient decontamination is a global ***,traditional disposal strategies have limitations,including high energy consumption,use of aggressive reagents and generation of toxic ***,inspired by the compartmentalized architecture and detoxification mechanism of bacterial microcompartments,we constructed oil-in-water Pickering emulsion droplets stabilized by hydrogen-bonded organic framework immobilized cascade enzymes for decontaminating mustard gas simulant(2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide,CEES)under sweet *** exemplified droplet systems were developed with two-enzyme(glucose oxidase/chloroperoxidase)and threeenzyme(invertase/glucose oxidase/chloroperoxidase)cascades,both achieving over 6-fold enhancement in decontamination efficiency compared with free enzymes and>99% selectivity towards non-toxic *** found that the favored mass transfer of sugars and CEES from their respective phases to approach the cascade enzymes located at the droplet surface and the facilitated substrate channeling between proximally immobilized enzymes were key factors in augmenting the decontamination *** importantly,the robustness of immobilized enzymes enabled easy reproduction of both the droplet formation and detoxification performance over 10 cycles,following long-term storage and in far-field locations.

关键词： Pickering emulsion biomimetics chemical warfare agent bacterial microcompartment biocatalysis

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Functionalized, carbon nanotube material for the catalytic degradation of organophosphate nerve agents

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Nano Research 2014年第3期7卷 390-398页

作者： Mark M. Bailey John M. Heddleston Jeffrey Davis Jessica L. Staymates Angela R. Hight Walker National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division Gaithersburg MD USA National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Materials Measurement Science Division Gaithersburg MD USA Present Address: United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) Center for Aerobiological Sciences Fort Detrick MD USA

Recent world events have emphasized the need to develop innovative, functional materials that will safely neutralize chemical warfare （CW） agents in situ to protect military personnel and civilians from dermal exposure. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of a novel, proof-of-concept design for a Cu-containing catalyst, chemically bonded to a single-wall carbon nanotube （SWCNT） structural support, to effectively degrade an organophosphate simulant. SWCNTs have high tensile strength and are flexible and light-weight, which make them a desirable structural component for unique, fabric-like materials. This study aims to develop a self-decontaminating, carbon nanotube-derived material that can ultimately be incorporated into a wearable fabric or protective material to minimize dermal exposure to organophosphate nerve agents and to prevent accidental exposure during decontamination procedures. Carboxylated SWCNTs were functionalized with a polymer, which contained Cu-chelating bipyridine groups, and their catalytic activity against an organophosphate simulant was measured over time. The catalytically active, functionalized nanomaterial was characterized using X-ray fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. Assuming zeroth-order reaction kinetics, the hydrolysis rate of the organophosphate simulant, as monitored by UV-vis absorption in the presence of the catalytically active nanomaterial, was 63 times faster than the uncatalyzed hydrolysis rate for a sample containing only carboxylated SWCNTs or a control sample containing no added nanotube materials.

关键词： single-wall carbonnanotubefunctionalization catalytically-activenanomaterial chemical warfare agent

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Preparation of a porphyrin-polyoxometalate hybrid and its photocatalytic degradation performance for mustard gas simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide

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Chinese chemical Letters 2022年第5期33卷 2625-2629页

作者： Ying Yang Fangsheng Tao Lijuan Zhang Yunshan Zhou Yuxu Zhong Shubo Tian Yong’an Wang State Key Laboratory of chemical Resource Engineering Institute of ChemistryBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029 China Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijing100850China

By combining 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-chlorine)phenylporphyrin(TClPP)andα-Keggin polyoxometalate H_(5)PV_(2)Mo_(10)O_(40)(H 5 PVMo)via a simple ion-exchange method,an organic-inorganic hybrid material[C_(44)H_(28)N_(4)Cl_(4)]_(1.5)[H_(2)PMo_(10)V_(2)O_(40)]·2C_(2)H_(6)O(H_(2 )TClPP-H_(2) PVMo)was prepared and thoroughly characterized by a variety of *** homogeneous photocatalytic degradation of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide(CEES)(5μL)by H_(2) TClPP-H_(2) PVMo(1×10^(−6)mol/L)was studied in methanol and methanol-water mixed solvent(v/v=1:1),in which the degradation rate of CEES reached 99.52%and 99.14%,*** reaction followed first-order reaction kinetics,and the half-life and kinetic constant in methanol and the mixed solvent were respectively 33.0min,−0.021 min−1 and 15.7min,−0.043 min−*** analysis indicated that under visible light irradiation in the air,CEES was degraded via oxidation and alcoholysis/hydrolysis in methanol and the mixed solvent.O_(2)·−and ^(1)O_(2) generated by H_(2) TClPP-H_(2) PVMo selectively oxidized CEES into a nontoxic *** oxygen capture experiments showed that H_(2) TClPP-H_(2) PVMo(φ=0.73)had a higher quantum yield of singlet oxygen than TClPP(φ=0.35)under an air atmosphere and visible light irradiation.

关键词： chemical warfare agent Mustard gas simulant Porphyrin Polyoxometalate Photooxidation

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