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State of the art review on physiochemical and engineering characteristics of fly ash and its applications

International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第1期9卷 21-45页

作者： Amit Kumar Ram Supriya Mohanty Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(Banaras Hindu University)Varanasi 221005India

The focus of this study is to critically review the physiochemical and engineering properties of the fly ash and its applications in various fields.The utilization of fly ash has become a widespread area,but the amount of utilization is still a serious issue.It has many beneficial qualities(such as pozzolanic property,fineness,spherical shape,lightweight,etc.),which enhance its properties and make it suitable for its utilization as a new construction material.For the bulk utilization of fly ash,it should be employed in the areas independent of any other parameters.So that,the disposal problem can be reduced significantly.The knowledge of its physiochemical characteristic helps in the judgment of appropriate fly ash for any particular type of work.Fly ash can be utilized in other areas such as asphalt concrete,geopolymer concrete,ground improvement,agricultural sector,roller compacted concrete,brick,etc.that will reduce the existing ashes,and also the disposal problem can be solved appreciably.The implementation of fly ash must be avoided below the natural ground water level and below 4°C temperature conditions.

关键词： Fly ash chemical property Engineering property Construction material

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chemically and biologically activated biochars slow down urea hydrolysis and improve nitrogen use efficiency

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Pedosphere 2023年第4期33卷 659-669页

作者： Nazmul H.ANTOR Shamim MIA Md.M.HASAN Nowrose J.LIPI Keiji JINDO Miguel A.SANCHEZ-MONEDERO Md.H.RASHID Department of Agronomy Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityDumkiPatuakhali 8602(Bangladesh) Agrosystems Research Groups Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen 6700 AA(The Netherlands) Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management Spanish National Research Council(CEBAS-CSIC)Murcia 30100(Spain)

Biochar is considered a potential technology to enhance chemical fertilizer use efficiency through intensification of the interactions between nutrients and the functional groups on biochar surfaces.However,little is known about how the application of activated biochars mixed with urea influences nitrogen(N)mineralization and crop performance in paddy fields.Here,a sawdust-derived fresh biochar(FBC)(ca.400℃)was activated chemically with 15%hydrogen peroxide and biologically with a nutrient solution mixed with a soil inoculum to obtain a chemically activated biochar(CBC)and a biologically activated biochar(BBC),respectively.The chemical and surface properties of FBC,CBC,and BBC were evaluated using spectroscopic methods,i.e.,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance,and potentiometric charge determination.The N retention capacity of biochars and their interaction with urea hydrolysis were examined in a laboratory incubation experiment.Additionally,a field experiment was carried out in a paddy field with the biochars unmixed or mixed with urea at a 1:1 ratio.Our results showed that negative surface functional groups and negative charges were increased on both activated biochars,especially CBC.Both activated biochars contributed to a significant reduction in urea-biochar suspension pH and increased N retention in the incubation experiment.Despite the enhanced surface properties of the activated biochars,no similar increases in rice biomass and grain yield were observed for these biochars in the field experiment.However,rice biomass,grain yield,apparent N use efficiency,and agronomic N use efficiency were significantly higher with the application of the three biochars compared to no-biochar application.Altogether,the results indicate that the application of urea mixed with biochar could enhance crop performance,especially in the case of activated biochar,which would enhance N retention in the soil,reducing N loss.

关键词： chemical property crop yield functionalized biochar nitrogen uptake nutrient use efficiency pyrolysis

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A Novel Topological Index for the Studies on Structure-Properties of Alkanes

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2000年第4期5卷 464-468页

作者： Ni Cai-hua, Li Liang- chao, Feng Zhi-yun Department of Chemistry, Jingzhou Normal College, Jingzhou, 434100, China Department of Chemistry Jingzhou Normal College Jingzhou 434100China

A novel topological index derived from eccentric connectivity index has been proposed. The new topological index and eccentric connectivity index were correlated with eight physical properties such as the boiling point, critical temperature, critical pressure, critical volume, evaporation heat, density, heat capacity, surface tension, and three thermodynamic properties such as standard enthalpy, standard entropy and standard formation free energy of alkanes. A series of empiric equations for calculating the properties were obtained. Correlation coefficients of nine properties were more than 0.99. Regression analysis and calculation results indicated that the topological indices were well correlated with the physico-chemical properties of alkanes, and the novel topological index was far superior to eccentric connectivity index in the correlation.

关键词： Topological index physico chemical property alkane regression

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chemical CHARACTERIZATION AND WATER STABILITY FOR THE RAINWATER AND SURFACE RUNOFF IN SOUTHEAST MUNICIPALITY OF BEIJING

CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND WATER STABILITY FOR THE RAINWA...

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第4届流域管理和城市供水国际会议

作者： Hao,R.X.~(1*),Zhou Y.W.,~1 Liang p.,~1 Wang M.M~1.,Zhao S.Q~1.,and Ding Y. y.~2 ~1College of Architecture & Civil Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing,100022 ~2Beijing Water Conservancy Science Research Institute,Beijing,100036

In this paper,a comprehensive water-quality investigation of the rainwater and surface runoff in the area ofsoutheast municipality of Beijing was conducted,including characterization of their chemical properties and analysis of thewater stability.The investigation results show that the collected rainwater and surface runoff water are soft and Type-Ⅰwaterwithin the category of bicarbonate calcium.It is indicated that the rainwater and runoff water within this area have beencontaminated to a certain degree by various nitrogen-compounds and hydrocarbons from intensive human activities.Waterstability analysis in this study focuses on its potential of precipitation and dissolution,in which carbonate calcium(CaCO3)plays a dominant role.The results show that only runoff water on traffic roads prefers to precipitate while rainwater andother runoff water in other areas are characteristic of their solubility.

关键词： characterization chemical property rainfall rainwater surface runoff water quality water stability

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固相线下Pr1+xBa2-xCu3O7±δ体系的相关系和晶体结构

固相线下Pr1+xBa2-xCu3O7±δ体系的相关系和晶体结构

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第八届全国X射线衍射学术会议

作者：宋功保梁敬魁饶光辉杨林涛刘广耀杨海方陈景然中国科学院物理研究所

前言 PrBaCuO(Pr123)是 RBaCuO型结构中最有趣的材料之一,也是 PrO-BaO-CuO 三元体系唯一的三元化合物,但它不具有超导性能。虽然前人采用了许多方法制备 Pr123相, 但在空气条件下,严格按1：2：3化学计量配比、采用固态化学反应、即使... 详细信息

前言 PrBaCuO(Pr123)是 RBaCuO型结构中最有趣的材料之一,也是 PrO-BaO-CuO 三元体系唯一的三元化合物,但它不具有超导性能。虽然前人采用了许多方法制备 Pr123相, 但在空气条件下,严格按1：2：3化学计量配比、采用固态化学反应、即使长时间烧结的 Pr123

关键词： Pr123 solid solution ionic radius chemical property substitution

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