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The phytochemical components of walnuts and their application for geographical origin based on chemical markers

Food Quality and Safety 2022年第4期6卷 562-570页

作者： Runhong Mo Yuewen Zheng Zhanglin Ni Danyu Shen Yihua Liu Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryFuyang DistrictHangzhouChina

Place of origin has an important influence on walnut quality and commercial value,which results in the requirement of rapid geographical traceability method.Thus,a method for geographical origin identification of walnuts on the basis of nutritional quality of walnuts from China was conducted.The concentrations of 43 phytochemical components were analyzed in walnut samples from five different walnut-producing regions of China.Based on 14 chemical markers selected by the Random Forest method from these phytochemical components,a new discriminant model for geographical origin was built,with the corresponding correct classification rate of 99.3%.In addition,the quantitative quality differences of walnuts from five regions were analyzed,with values of 0.17–1.43.Moreover,the top three chemical markers for the geographical origin discriminant analysis were Mo,V,and stearic acid,with contribution rates of 26.8%,18.9%,and 10.9%,respectively.This study provides a potentially viable method for application in food authentication.

关键词： Walnut chemical marker geographical origin Random Forest method discriminant model

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Identification and differentiation of major components in three different “Sheng-ma” crude drug species by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017年第2期7卷 185-192页

作者： Mengxue Fan Kunming Qin Fei Ding Yuting Huang Xiaoli Wang Baochang Cai Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing Haichang Chinese Medicine Group Co.Ltd.

Cimicifugae Rhizoma(Sheng ma) is a Ranunculaceae herb belonging to a composite family and well known in China,has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine.The Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China contains three varieties(Cimicifuga dahurica(Turcz.),Cimicifuga foetida L.and Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom.) which have been used clinically as "Sheng-ma".However,the chemical constituents of three components of "Sheng-ma" have never been documented.In this study,a rapid method for the analysis of the main components of "Sheng-ma" was developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC/Q-TOF-MS).The present study reveals the major common and distinct chemical constituents of C.dahurica,C.foetida and C.heracleifolia and also reports principal component and statistical analyses of these results.The components were identified by comparing the retention time,accurate mass,mass spectrometric fragmentation characteristic ions and matching empirical molecular formula with that of the published compounds.A total of 32 common components and 8 markers for different "Sheng-ma" components were identified.These findings provide an important basis for the further study and clinical utilities of the three "Sheng-ma" varieties.

关键词： Sheng-ma chemical profiling UPLC/Q-TOF-MS chemical marker Cimicifuga Cimicifugae Rhizoma

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Identification and differentiation of Panax ginseng,Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng by monitoring multiple diagnostic chemical markers

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2016年第6期6卷 568-575页

作者： Wenzhi Yang Xue Qiao Kai Li Jingran Fan Tao Bo De-an Guo Min Ye State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Peking University Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Agilent Technologies

To differentiate traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) derived from congeneric species in TCM compound preparations is usually challenging. The roots of Panax ginseng(PG), Panax quinquefolium(PQ) and Panax notoginseng(PN) are used as popular TCM. They contain similar triterpenoid saponins(ginsenosides) as the major bioactive constituents. Thus far, only a few chemical markers have been discovered to differentiate these three species. Herein we present a multiple marker detection approach to effectively differentiate the three Panax species, and to identify them in compound preparations. Firstly, 85 batches of crude drug samples(including 32 PG, 30 PQ, and 23 PN) were analyzed by monitoring 40 major ginsenosides in the extracted ion chromatograms(EICs) using a validated LC–MS fingerprinting method. Secondly, the samples were clustered into different groups by pattern recognition chemometric approaches using PLS-DA and OPLS-DA models, and17 diagnostic chemical markers were discovered. Aside from the previously known Rf and p-F11, ginsenoside Rs1 could be a new marker to differentiate PG from PQ. Finally, the above multiple chemical markers were used to identify the Panax species in 60 batches of TCM compound preparations.

关键词： Panax species Ginsenoside LC–MS fingerprinting chemical marker TCM compound preparation

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Safety Issues of Chinese Medicine:A Review of Intoxication Cases in Hong Kong

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2009年第1期1卷 29-39页

作者： NG Kit-ying CHENG Chuen-lung Hong Kong Jockey Club Institute of Chinese Medicine

Chinese medicine (CM) has been widely used in Hong Kong for centuries. In fact, CM practitioners currently provide over 20% of the medical consultations in Hong Kong and about 60% of the population has previously used CM. In 1999, the Legislative Council passed the Chinese Medicine Ordinance with aims to govern practice, use, trading, and manufacturing of CM in Hong Kong. While it is usually safe to use CM under proper application and guidance, there have been frequent reports on intoxication and fatalities. The misuse of potent/toxic CM, because of misidentification or overdose, can cause severe aconite, aristolochic acid, anticholinergic, podophyllin, grayanotoxin, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, matrine, gelsemine, teucvin, and strychnine poisoning. In this review, we summarized CM intoxication cases in Hong Kong, concentrating on the discussion of toxic and adverse effects as well as the quality control of CM. By increasing the awareness of CM toxicity, we hope to enhance the regulatory process and stimulate further research on their toxic dose, toxic ingredients, intoxication mechanisms, and quality control.

关键词： chemical marker Chinese medicine (CM) intoxication quality control

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