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Molecular characterization of organic matter transformation mediated by microorganisms under anoxic/hypoxic conditions

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第4期66卷 894-909页

作者： Shicong XIAO Jiaxin CHEN Yuan SHEN Qi CHEN Yu WANG Yunyun LI Chen HE Ruanhong CAI Quan SHI Nianzhi JIAO Qiang ZHENG State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration Xiamen 361102China College of Environment and Ecology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China

Dissolved organic matter(DOM) in the ocean is one of the largest carbon pools on Earth. Microbial metabolism is an important process that shapes the marine DOM pool. Current studies on the interactions between microorganisms and DOM focus mainly on oxic environments. Few studies have addressed the molecular characteristics of DOM in microbial-mediated transformation under anoxic/hypoxic conditions. As a result of deteriorating water quality due to eutrophication and global warming, anoxia occurs frequently in coastal waters. In this study, we performed an experiment to investigate changes in microbial community responses and the molecular characteristics of DOM in microbial-mediated transformation under hypoxic conditions. We compared microbial-mediated DOM transformation at different dissolved oxygen levels(7, 5, and 2 mg L^(-1)) and in different media(natural and artificial seawater with and without laminarin). We also investigated differences in DOM composition between groups using spectroscopic analysis and ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The results showed decreased microbial metabolic activity and delayed community succession at low oxygen(≤2 mg L^(-1)) in natural seawater supplemented with laminarin. The growth of strictly aerobic bacteria such as Pseudomonadaceae and Sphingomonadaceae was inhibited and the total organic carbon utilization rate was reduced by 36.9–46.7% from 4 to 32days. Moreover, tyrosine-like and tryptophan-like components were preserved, while DOM humification and modified aromaticity indices were significantly reduced under low oxygen conditions. This experiment provides justification for further study of the processes and mechanisms of improved labile DOM preservation in anoxic estuarine and coastal waters.

关键词： Anoxic/hypoxic Microbial community structure Dissolved organic matter chemical characteristics of molecule

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