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Do Pay-for-Grades Programs Encourage Student Academic cheating?Evidence from a Randomized Experiment

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Frontiers of Education in China 2019年第1期14卷 117-137页

作者： Tao LI Yisu ZHOU Department of Government and Public Administration Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina Faculty of Education University of MacaoMacaoChina

Pay-for-grades programs aim to incentivize families and students to engage in specified behaviors given financial remittance.In addition to doubts over its effectiveness,educators worry that monetary incentives could skew student learning motivation and lead to academic cheating.Using a randomized control trial in 11 Chinese primary schools,we studied the effects of pay-for-grades programs on academic cheating.We randomly assigned 82 classrooms into treatment or control conditions,and used a statistical algorithm to determine the occurrence of cheating.While our data indicates a concerning level of cheating overall,our experiment did not find any relationship between academic cheating and the pay-for-grades program.Finally,we discuss the feasibility of such policies in improving learning outcomes and its policy implications.

关键词： pay-for-grades cheating randomized control trial China primary school

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cheating

英语学习 2002年第10期 56-57页

作者：李峰

我们从今年第七期开始陆续刊登第二届"北外杯"中学生英文写作大赛的部分获奖作文。本期选登的是大连市第八中学高三(十)班李峰同学的文章。

关键词： cheating

cheating or Coincidence? Statistical Method Employing the Principle of Maximum Entropy for Judging Whether a Student Has Committed Plagiarism

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Open Journal of Statistics 2015年第2期5卷 143-157页

作者： M. P. Silverman Department of Physics Trinity College Hartford CT USA

Elements of correspondence (“coincidences”) between a student’s solutions to an assigned set of quantitative problems and the solutions manual for the course textbook may suggest that the stu-dent copied the work from an illicit source. Plagiarism of this kind, which occurs primarily in fields such as the natural sciences, engineering, and mathematics, is often difficult to establish. This paper derives an expression for the probability that alleged coincidences in a student’s paper could be attributable to pure chance. The analysis employs the Principle of Maximum Entropy (PME), which, mathematically, is a variational procedure requiring maximization of the Shannon-Jaynes entropy function augmented by the completeness relation for probabilities and known information in the form of expectation values. The virtue of the PME as a general method of inferential reasoning is that it generates the most objective (i.e. least biased) probability distribution consistent with the given information. Numerical examination of test cases for a range of plausible conditions can yield outcomes that tend to exonerate a student who otherwise might be wrongfully judged guilty of cheating by adjudicators unfamiliar with the surprising properties of random processes.

关键词： Plagiarism cheating Coincidence Information Entropy

Novel Solution Based on Face Recognition to Address Identity Theft and cheating in Online Examination Systems

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Advances in Internet of Things 2014年第2期4卷 5-12页

作者： Ayham Fayyoumi Anis Zarrad Department of Computer Science and Information Systems Prince Sultan University (PSU)Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Al Imam Mohammad IBN Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) RiyadhSaudi Arabia

The main objective of this research is to provide a solution for online exam systems by using face recognition to authenticate learners for attending an online exam. More importantly, the system continuously (with short time intervals), checks for learner identity during the whole exam period to ensure that the learner who started the exam is the same one who continued until the end and prevent the possibility of cheating by looking at adjacent PC or reading from an external paper. The system will issue an early warning to the learners if suspicious behavior has been noticed by the system. The proposed system has been presented to eight e-learning instructors and experts in addition to 32 students to gather feedback and to study the impact and the benefit of such system in e-learning environment.

关键词： Online Exam Face Recognition Authentication Exam cheating

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cheating on Exams

校园英语 2016年第13期 90-91页

作者： Lili Zhang Cal State University Fullerton Higher Education Shanghai Bangde Vocational College

The author focuses on the phenomenon of cheating on exams on higher education level. The preferred approach to the issue covers modifying the exam form, stringent supervision during exams, and receiving consequences. Remember in mind the aim of punishment is to let students understand the importance of institution’s values and the basic rules, rather than focusing on the punishment itself.

关键词： cheating exams college punishment

Research on cheating Detection Method of Programming Source Codes by Self-Organizing Maps

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Jurisprudent Analysis of Students' cheating in Examination in China

中国电子商情·通信市场 2013年第1期 53-58页

作者： Guojin Zhu Le Liu

来源：博看期刊评论

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Jurisprudent Analysis of Students' Cheating in Examination i...

An Advanced Threshold Secret Sharing Scheme for Identifying Cheaters

2013教育技术与信息系统国际会议

作者： Chen wei Meng pei Wuhan Institute of Physical Education

cheating in education examination is forbidden strictly by law, but it is still overwhelming in china. It influences school selecting excellent talents and keeping order. On the basis of collecting data and typical cases in education examination by statistics method, the author analyzes the relevant direct and indirect reasons. The occurrence of students’ cheating in examination is closely related to the imperfection of law system and remedy system. In order to avoid disputes’ recurrence, the government should enact Examination Law immediately and improve the management system of examination effectively.

关键词： education examination cheating punishmen , Examination Law

来源： cnki会议评论

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2003年第3期10卷 17-21页

作者： XIEShu-cui ZHANGJian-zhong DepartmentofAppliedMathematicsandPhysics Xi'anInstituteofPostsandTelecommunicationsXi’an710061P.R.Chinas CollegeofMathematicsandInformationScience ShanxiNormalUniversityXi'an710062P.R.China

In this paper an advanced threshold secret sharing scheme for identifyingcheaters is proposed by using authentication codes. The performance of the scheme is discussed. Theresults show that in the scheme the valid shareholders can not only identify the impersonation of anadversary, but also detect cheating of some valid shareholders . In particular one honestshareholder is able to detect cheating of other participants forming a collection, and theinformation rate of the scheme is higher than that of others.

关键词： secret sharing authentication codes threshold scheme cheating

维普期刊数据库

A theoretical analysis of how user fee on healthcare can waste economic resources

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Health 2014年第1期6卷 128-136页

作者： Eugenia Amporfu Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

The difficulty of assessing funds to directly fund healthcare for the poor makes governments adopt user fee in the health system. Many studies have shown how user fee can cause the poor to under utilize healthcare but not on how it can lead to the waste of resources. The current study is theoretical and it examines the efficiency of regulated user fee and the factors affecting the efficiency. Efficiency focused mainly on the extent to which resources are wasted as a result of regulated user fee. The results show that the asymmetric information between the provider of healthcare and the patient combined with the costliness of investigation by the government as well as the costliness of revenue collection caused three sources of waste: excessive treatment of the rich or the non-poor, investigation and revenue collection. Comparative statics were done to examine the effect of various factors on the level of waste. The study then examined the conditions under with regulated user fee is more efficient than direct financing of healthcare by the government. Some recommendations were made to reduce wastes.

关键词： Regulated User Fee Waste Asymmetric Information cheating Investigation