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Flexible liquid metal coil prepared for electromagnetic energy harvesting and wireless charging

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Frontiers in Energy 2019年第3期13卷 474-482页

作者： Shen GUO Peng WANG Jichuan ZHANG Wenpeng LUAN Zishuo XIA Lingxiao CAO Zhizhu HE China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China Vehicle Engineering College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Tianjin Microfluidic Technology Co. Ltd.Tianjin 300457China

This paper reported a study on a flexible liquid metal coil (LMC) for electromagnetic collection from the transmission line for self-powered sensor and electromagnetic generation for wireless charging of cellular telephone. The room temperature liquid metal of Galinstan was perfused to elastic silicone tube, which is then terminated with galliumplated copper wire. The asprepared liquid metal wire can sustain stretching, twisting, and bending with large deformation, and has a good electrical contact stability with the external circuit. The LMC based magnetic energy harvester was then designed and demonstrated to collect the magnetic field energy induced by a wire carrying alternating current. The power of 260 mW was obtained for the wire carrying current of 10 A. The flexible toroidal inductor was fabricated and tested for magnetic energy harvesting. The flexible spiralshaped LMC was also designed and demonstrated to power cellular telephone through wireless charging. The present study opens the way for further applications of elastic LMC in electromagnetic energy harvesting and charging.

关键词： liquid metal Galinstan flexible coil electromagnetic energy harvesting wireless charging

Communication-less Management Strategy for Electric Vehicle charging in Droop-controlled Islanded Microgrids

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第4期12卷 1227-1238页

作者： Abdullah Azhar Al-Obaidi Mohammed Zaki El-Sharafy Hany E.Z.Farag Saifullah Shafiq Ali Al-Awami Independent Electricity System Operator(IESO) MississaugaCanada Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science York UniversityTorontoCanada University of Queensland StLucia QLD 4067Australia Department of Electrical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia

Adopting high penetration levels of electric vehicles(EVs) necessitates the implementation of appropriate charging management systems to mitigate their negative impacts on power distribution networks. Currently, most of the proposed EV charging management techniques rely on the availability of high-bandwidth communication links. Such techniques are far from realization due to(1) the lack of utility-grade communication systems in many cases such as secondary(low-voltage) power distribution systems to which EVs are connected, rural areas, remote communities, and islands, and(2) existing fears and concerns about the data privacy of EV users and cyber-physical security. For these cases, appropriate local control schemes are needed to ensure the adequate management of EV charging without violating the grid operation requirements. Accordingly, this paper introduces a new communication-less management strategy for EV charging in droop-controlled islanded microgrids. The proposed strategy is autonomous, as it is based on the measurement of system frequency and local bus voltages. The proposed strategy implements a social charging fairness policy during periods when the microgrid distributed generators(DGs) are in short supply by allocating more system capacity to the EVs with less charging in the past. Furthermore, a novel communication-less EV load shedding scheme is incorporated into the management strategy to provide relief to the microgrid during events of severe undervoltage or underfrequency occurrences due to factors such as high loading or DG outages. Numerical simulations demonstrate the superiority of the proposed strategy over the state-of-the-art controllers in modulating the EV charging demand to counteract microgrid instability.

关键词： charging battery management communication-less control droop control electric vehicle islanded microgrid

Novel blast furnace operation process involving charging with low-titanium vanadium–titanium magnetite carbon composite hot briquette

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第5期23卷 501-510页

作者： Wei Zhao Man-sheng Chu Hong-tao Wang Zheng-gen Liu Ya-ting Tang School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University

An innovative process of blast furnace （BF） operation involving charging with low-titanium vanadium-titanium magnetite carbon composite hot briquette （LVTM-CCB） was proposed for utilizing LVTM and conserving energy, In this study, the effect of LVTM-CCB charging ratio on the softening, melting, and dripping behaviors of the mixed burden was explored systemically, and the migration of valu- able elements V and Cr was extensively investigated. The results show that with increasing LVTM-CCB charging ratio, the softening inter- val T40 - T4 increases from 146.1℃ to 266.1℃, and the melting interval To - Ts first decreases from 137.2℃ to 129.5℃ and then increases from 129.5℃ to 133.2℃. Moreover, the cohesive zone becomes narrower and then wider, and its location shifts slightly downward. In addi- tion, the recovery ratios of V and Cr in dripped iron first increase and then decrease, reaching maximum values of 14.552% and 28.163%, respectively, when the charging ratio is 25%. A proper LVTM-CCB charging ratio would improve the softening--melting behavior of the mixed burden; however, Ti（C,N） would be generated rapidly in slag when the charging ratio exceeds 25%, which is not favorable for BF op- eration. When considering the comprehensive softening-melting behavior of the mixed burden and the recovery ratios of V and Cr, the rec- ommended LVTM-CCB charging ratio is 20%.

关键词： blast furnace practice charging magnetite briquets

Effects of coke charging pattern on burden movement in COREX melter gasifier based on physical simulation

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第6期29卷 907-913页

作者： Li-hao Han Yue-hua Li Li-ning Han Yan-xia Liu Wei-qing Huang Lei Cao Su-ci Qi Xin Guan Jian-lu Yuan Department of Material Engineering Hebei College of Industry and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050091HebeiChina Department of Basic Course Teaching Hebei College of Industry and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050091HebeiChina First Rolling Mill Anyang Iron&Steel Co.Ltd.Anyang 455000HenanChina

A three-dimensional semicircle cold model of COREX melter gasifier(MG)was established,and the effects of coke charging pattern on burden movement were investigated by adopting this *** burden flow pattern of packed bed was measured with different coke charging amounts,coke charging positions,and coke *** results show that the solid flow pattern presents a change from straight line type to reverse U type and finally to W type in MG with traditional coke charging,while the burden flow pattern experiences the change from straight line type to W type with platform and finally W type under center coke charging,and the solid flow pattern presents a change from straight line type to W type with platform and finally W type under intermediate coke *** difference demonstrates that coke charging pattern affects the uniform descending in MG to some *** burden in the coke charging zone keeps a straight line *** matter what kind of coke charging pattern is adopted,the burden residence time is shortened with the increase in coke charging amount,and the vertex of deadman decreases obviously,which is conducive to the renewal of the *** appropriate coke charging amount and coke size should be well controlled at 8.7%and 5 mm,*** results are useful not only in developing further understanding of solid flow in MG but also in verifying different mathematical models,particularly the coupled discrete element method with computational fluid dynamics simulation which has been increasingly used in the literature.

关键词： COREX melter gasifier Coke charging pattern Burden movement Flow pattern Physical simulation

A modified pulse charging method for lithium-ion batteries by considering stress evolution,charging time and capacity utilization

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019年第2期13卷 294-302页

作者： Yanfei ZHAO Bo LU Yicheng SONG Junqian ZHANG Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Materials Genome Institute Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Department of Mechanics Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

The stress evolution, total charging time and capacity utilization of pulse charging (PC) method are investigated in this pape匚 It is found that compared to the conventional constant current (CC) charging method, the PC method can accelerate the charging process but will inevitably cause an increase in stress and a decrease in capacity. The charging speed for PC method can be estimated by the mean current. By introducing stress control, a modified PC method called the PCCC method, which starts with a PC operation followed by a CC operation, is proposed. The PCCC method not only can accelerate charging process but also can avoid the stress raising and capacity loss occurring in the PC method. Furthermore, the optimal pulsed current density and switch time in the PCCC method is also discussed.

关键词： fast charging method pulse charging stress evolution charging time capacity utilization

Multi-objective simultaneous optimal planning of electric vehiclefast charging stations and DGs in distribution system

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第4期7卷 923-934页

作者： Gurappa BATTAPOTHULA Chandrasekhar YAMMANI Sydulu MAHESWARAPU National Institute of Technology WarangalIndia

The large-scale construction of fast charging stations(FCSs)for electric vehicles(EVs)is helpful inpromoting the *** creates a significant challenge for the distribution system operator to determine the optimal planning,especially the siting and sizing of FCSs in the electrical distribution *** planning of fast EV charging stations(EVCSs)cause a negative impact on the distribution *** paper presented a multiobjective optimization problem to obtain the simultaneous placement and sizing of FCSs and distributed generations(DGs)with the constraints such as the number of EVs in all zones and possible number of FCSs based on the road and electrical network in the proposed *** problem is formulated as a mixed integer non-linear problem(MINLP)to optimize the loss of EV user,network power loss(NPL),FCS development cost and improve the voltage profile of the electrical distribution ***-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅡ(NSGA-Ⅱ)is used for solving the *** performance of the proposed technique is evaluated by the 118-bus electrical distribution system.

关键词： Electric vehicles(EVs) Fast charging stations(FCSs) Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅡ(NSGA-Ⅱ) Renewable energy sources

Electret Characteristics of Hybrid Films Consisting of Porous Polytetrafluoroethylene and Teflon Fluoroethylenepropylene with COrona charging

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Chinese Physics Letters 2002年第12期19卷 1856-1858页

作者：陈钢进 RudiDanz 等 StateKeyLaboratoryofSiliconMaterials zhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027 ZhejiangUniversityofScienceandTechnology Hangzhou310027 FraunhoferInstituteofAppliedPolymerResearch GolmGerm

We have prepared hybrid films consisting of porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and Teflon fluoroethylenepropylene (FEP) and we have investigated their charge dynamics of injection, transport and trapping using corona charging, isothermal and thermally stimulated surface-potential decay measurements. The results indicate that the hybrid film samples show different electret characteristics when charged through side PTFE or side FEP. The samples charged negatively through side porous PTFE show the best charge stability. Their charge dynamics differs very much from a single film. The effect of corona polarity on the electret behaviour in the hybrid film is very large. The experimental results are explained with the three structure level model of charge storage in electrets

关键词： CHARGES charging HYBRID Electric charge Electrets trapping Films Polytetrafluoroethylene charging Hybrid electric vehicles charging(ACCOUNTTNG)

Remote Monitoring of Electric Vehicle charging Stations in Smart Campus Parking Lot

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第1期8卷 124-132页

作者： Mohamed A.Ahmed Mohamed R.El-Sharkawy Young-Chon Kim Department of Electronic Engineering Universidad Técnica Federico Santa MaríaValparaíso 2390123Chile Department of Communications and Electronics Higher Institute of Engineering&TechnologyKing MarriottAlexandria 23713Egypt Department of Automotive and Tractor Engineering Minia UniversityEl-Minia 61111Egypt Department of Computer Engineering Chonbuk National UniversityJeonju 561-756Korea

Smart parking lots are smart places capable of supporting both parking and charging services for electric vehicles(EVs).In order to manage EV charging,the parking lot local controller(PLLC)requires data exchange with EV charging stations(EVCSs)through communication ***,data losses and communication delays are unavoidable and may significantly degrade the system *** work aims to investigate the underlying communication networks for remote monitoring of EVCSs in a smart campus parking *** communication network consists of two subnetworks:parking area network(PAN)and campus area network(CAN).PAN covers communication among EVs,charging stations and PLLC,while CAN enables dedicated communication between PLLCs and a global controller of the *** one of the major obstacles in EV system is the lack of unified communication architecture to integrate EVCS in the power grid,we develop communication models for the in-vehicle system and EVCSs based on logical node concept of IEC 61850 ***,we implement network models for EVCSs using OPNET *** communication technologies and configurations are considered in modeling and simulations,and end-toend delay is evaluated and discussed.

关键词： Communication network electric vehicle(EV) electric vehicle charging station(EVCS) IEC 61850 OPNET smart parking lot

Intelligent Electric Vehicle charging Scheduling in Transportation-Energy Nexus With Distributional Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第11期10卷 2171-2173页

作者： Tao Chen Ciwei Gao School of Electrical Engineering and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Technology and Equipment Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Dear Editor,This letter is concerned with electric vehicle(EV) charging scheduling problem in transportation-energy nexus using an intelligent decision-making strategy with probabilistic self-adaptability features.

关键词： letter concerned charging