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Assessing the impacts of current and future changes of the planforms of river Brahmaputra on its land use-land cover

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第4期14卷 100-122页

作者： Jatan Debnath Dhrubajyoti Sahariah Durlov Lahon Nityaranjan Nath Kesar Chand Gowhar Meraj Pankaj Kumar Suraj Kumar Singh Shruti Kanga Majid Farooq Department of Geography Gauhati UniversityJalukbariAssamIndia GB Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment(NIHE) Himachal Regional Centre(Himachal Pradesh)KulluIndia Department of Ecology Environment and Remote SensingGovernment of Jammu and KashmirKashmir 190018India Institute for Global Environmental Strategies Hayama 240-0115Japan Centre for Sustainable Development Suresh Gyan Vihar UniversityJaipur 302017India Centre for Climate Change and Water Research(C3WR) Suresh Gyan Vihar UniversityJaipur 302017India Department of Geography School of Environment and Earth SciencesCentral University of PunjabVPO-GhuddaBathinda 151401India

River bankline migration is a frequent phenomenon in the river of the floodplain ***,channel dynamics-related changes in land use and land cover(LULC)are becoming a risk to the life and property of people living in the vicinity of rivers.A comprehensive evaluation of the causes and consequences of such changes is essential for better policy and decision-making for disaster risk reduction and *** present study assesses the changes in the Brahmaputra River planform using the GIS-based Digital Shoreline Analysis System(DSAS)and relates it with the changing LULC of the floodplain evaluated using the CA-Markov *** this study,the future channel of the Brahmaputra River and its flood plain’s future LULC were forecasted to pinpoint the erosion-vulnerable ***-eight years(1973–2021)of remotely sensed data were applied to estimate the rate of bankline *** was observed that the river’s erosion-accretion rate was higher in early times than in more recent *** left and right banks’average shifting rates between 1973 and 1988 were -55.44 m/y and -56.79 m/y,respectively,while they were-17.25 m/y and -48.49 m/y from 2011 to *** left bank of the river Brahmaputra had more erosion than the right,which indicates that the river is shifting in the leftward direction(Southward).In this river course,zone A(Lower course)and zone B(Middle course)were more adversely affected than zone C(Upper course).According to the predicted result,the left bank is more susceptible to bank erosion than the right bank(where the average rate of erosion and deposition was -72.23 m/y and 79.50 m/y,respectively).The left bank’s average rate of erosion was -111.22 m/*** research assesses the LULC study in conjunction with river channel dynamics in vulnerable areas where nearby infrastructure and settlements were at risk due to channel *** degree of accu-racy was verified using the actual bankline and predicted bankline,as well as the actual LULC map

关键词： channel shifting Erosion-Accretion Bankline Prediction DSAS CA-Markov Brahmaputra River

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FLUVIAL PROCESSES IN THE LOWER YELLOW RIVER AFTER LEVEE BREACHING AT TONGWAXIANG IN 1855

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International Journal of Sediment Research 1990年第2期 1-13页

作者： Qian Ning (N. Chien) (Late professor of Tsinghua University.)

In studying the fluvial processes of an alluvial river one cannot but take the river’s historical background into consideration. China has kept on recording the changes of its major river systems in detail since ancient times, and these records are the most valuable historical heritage in the field of river engineering studies. In 1855 a serious levee breaching occurred at Tongwaxiang,Henan Province in the Lower Yellow River, and the main river channel was relocated entirely, causing important changes in reaches both upstream and downstream of the breach. The influence is so profound that some characteristics of the fluvial processes in the Lower Yellow River are closely related to it to this day. In the following the writer will explain the relations between the past and the present in four aspects: 1. channel changes in the flooded area after the breaching and their impacts; 2. Evolution of the Daqing River after invasion by the Yellow River; 3. Influence of the levee breaching on the upstream river channel; 4. Features of geographical location of levee breaching spots in the last hundred years so as to learn the experiences and lessons in the historical historical fluvial processes and to benefit the work of river improvement in the Lower Yellow River.

关键词： Fluvial processes Levee breaching Burst Alluvial fan Invasion Evolution channel shifting channel aggradation Retrogressive erosion.

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