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Early Detection of <i>cercospora</i>Species in Soybean Plants: Immunologic and Molecular Methods

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第18期6卷 2939-2948页

作者： María Gabriela Latorre Rapela María Cristina Lurá Iván Marcipar Cátedra de Microbiología General Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Nacional del Litoral Santa Fe Argentina Cátedra de Tecnología Inmunológica Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Nacional del Litoral Santa Fe Argentina

Late-cycle diseases (LCD) cause a significant deterioration in quality and reduce yields in soybean crops. In Argentina, in particular, leaf blight and purple seed stain, caused by the agent cercospora kikuchii, and frog eye spot, caused by C. sojina, are the prevailing sources of diseases. The early, rapid and accurate detection of these phytopathogens becomes essential, and would contribute to preserving both the environment and the health of humans and animals by preventing the wasteful or improper use of chemicals such as pesticides. In order to detect cercospora species in soybean plants at an early stage, immunochemical and molecular techniques were developed in this work. Strains from the NITE Biological Resource Center collection (Japan): cercospora kikuchii NBRC 6711 and cercospora sojina NBRC 6715 and regional isolates of C. kikuchii were used. To develop Dot-Blot and PCR techniques, experiments with plants undergoing different treatments were carried out: those experimentally inoculated with these fungi, those treated with sterile water and healthy plants as well. Both techniques allowed the detection, at early stages, of cercospora species involved in two of the most frequent LCD in the country, when the cercosporin concentration produced by the fungus was higher than 3.93 ± 0.39 nmol·cyl-1 ±SD. The sensitivity between both techniques was very different. While Dot-Blot allowed the detection of the disease 4 days after inoculation, PCR detected it after 4 hours, even without visible symptoms of the disease.

关键词： cercospora kikuchii cercospora sojina Dot-Blot PCR Late-Cycle Diseases

Molecular characterization of RAPD and SCAR marker linked to the frog-eye leaf spot resistance gene in soybean

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第5期45卷 460-466页

作者： ZOU Jijun YANG Qingkai CHEN Shouyi CHEN Qingshan LIU Yaguang DONG Wei Soybean Research Institute Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Plant Biotechnology Laboratory Institute of GeneticsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Two fragments SCS362o and SCS3580 of the co-dominant marker OPS0362o&580 that were linked to the resistance gene of soybean frog-eye leaf spot have been completely sequenced. A significant insertion of 30 bp is the main reason of the polymorphism between the two fragments. The results of Southern hybridization indicate that SCS362o derives from a single- or low-copy sequence and can be used as an RFLP probe. A co-dominant SCAR marker SCSSeao&sao has been developed based on the sequences. The segregation of SCS362o&58o is similar to that of RAPD marker OPS03620&580. Significant polymorphism has been shown between resistant and susceptible genotypes when 62 soybean genotypes were surveyed for the SCAR marker. Therefore, the marker can be used in the resistance breeding of soybean frog-eye leaf spot by marker-assisted selection.

关键词： cercospora sojina Hara disease resistance molecular markers co-dominance.

水葫芦生防菌cercospora piaropi菌株BA-57的生物学特性

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杂草科学 2006年第3期24卷 10-13页

作者：王俊峰褚建君上海交通大学生命科学技术学院上海200240

尾孢菌属的cercospora piaropi是一种水葫芦生防真菌,有潜力被开发成为防除水葫芦的真菌除草剂。本试验研究了该菌BA-57菌株的生物学特性。结果表明,BA-57菌丝生长、产孢和孢子萌发的最适温度都为30℃,最适pH分别为7.6、10.0和9.0。光... 详细信息

尾孢菌属的cercospora piaropi是一种水葫芦生防真菌,有潜力被开发成为防除水葫芦的真菌除草剂。本试验研究了该菌BA-57菌株的生物学特性。结果表明,BA-57菌丝生长、产孢和孢子萌发的最适温度都为30℃,最适pH分别为7.6、10.0和9.0。光照处理对BA-57的菌丝生长以及产孢量无显著影响,而全黑暗有利于孢子萌发。碳源中,甘露醇最适于BA-57菌丝生长,而葡萄糖和蔗糖有利于BA-57产孢。BA-57菌丝生长和产孢的最佳氮源都是硝酸钠。蛋白胨和玉米粉对BA-57的孢子萌发有促进作用。湿度条件,在水滴中BA-57的孢子萌发率最高。

关键词：尾孢菌 cercospora piaropi BA-57 生物学特性水葫芦

水葫芦生防菌cercospora piaropi的病理学特性

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杂草科学 2007年第4期25卷 6-9,23页

作者：谭飞褚建君上海交通大学生命科学技术学院上海200240

尾孢菌属的cercospora piaropi是一种有潜力开发成为防除水葫芦的生物除草剂的真菌。水葫芦原生叶片从被C.piaropi感染到完全死亡,需要约6周时间。C.piaropi接种水葫芦的适宜孢子浓度为105CFU/ml,适宜保湿时间为24h。30℃时C.piaropi感... 详细信息

尾孢菌属的cercospora piaropi是一种有潜力开发成为防除水葫芦的生物除草剂的真菌。水葫芦原生叶片从被C.piaropi感染到完全死亡,需要约6周时间。C.piaropi接种水葫芦的适宜孢子浓度为105CFU/ml,适宜保湿时间为24h。30℃时C.piaropi感染水葫芦的原生叶片病害严重度最高。除水葫芦和鸭舌草外,C.piaropi对其他被测农作物和杂草均不产生病理作用,表现出较强的专一性。

关键词：尾孢菌 cercospora piaropi 水葫芦病理学特性

Genetic characterization and linkage disequilibrium mapping of resistance to gray leaf spot in maize(Zea mays L.)

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The Crop Journal 2014年第Z1期2卷 132-143页

作者： Liyu Shi Xiangling Lv Jianfeng Weng Hanyong Zhu Changlin Liu Zhuanfang Hao Yu Zhou Degui Zhang Mingshun Li Xiaoke Ci Xinhai Li Shihuang Zhang National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Gray leaf spot(GLS),caused by cercospora zeae-maydis,is an important foliar disease of maize(Zea mays L.)worldwide,resistance to which is controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci(QTL).To gain insights into the genetic architecture underlying the resistance to this disease,an association mapping population consisting of 161 inbred lines was evaluated for resistance to GLS in a plant pathology nursery at Shenyang in 2010 and 2011.Subsequently,a genome-wide association study,using 41,101 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs),identified 51 SNPs significantly(P<0.001)associated with GLS resistance,which could be converted into 31 QTL.In addition,three candidate genes related to plant defense were identified,including nucleotidebinding-site/leucine-rich repeat,receptor-like kinase genes similar to those involved in basal defense.Two genic SNPs,PZE-103142893 and PZE-109119001,associated with GLS resistance in chromosome bins 3.07 and 9.07,can be used for marker-assisted selection(MAS)of GLS resistance.These results provide an important resource for developing molecular markers closely linked with the target trait,enhancing breeding efficiency.

关键词： cercospora zeae-maydis Maize SNP Genome-wide association study Candidate genes

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藜麦尾孢叶斑病的病原鉴定

植物病理学报 2019年第3期49卷 408-414页

作者：殷辉周建波吕红常芳娟秦楠翟世玉邢鲲赵飞赵晓军山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室太原030031

藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa)是藜科藜属1年生双子叶植物[1],作为一种新型粮食作物在南美洲、欧洲、大洋洲、亚洲等90多个国家种植或试种[2]。2014年以来,在我国的山西、青海、甘肃、河北等省份开始规模化种植[3];山西省静乐县是我国藜麦... 详细信息

藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa)是藜科藜属1年生双子叶植物[1],作为一种新型粮食作物在南美洲、欧洲、大洋洲、亚洲等90多个国家种植或试种[2]。2014年以来,在我国的山西、青海、甘肃、河北等省份开始规模化种植[3];山西省静乐县是我国藜麦规模化种植最早的基地[3],随着种植面积的扩大及连作栽培导致病害日趋严重,尤其是叶部病害。

关键词： Chenopodium quinoa cercospora Fresen cercospora cf. chenopodii Passalora Fr. leaf spot

Epidemiology of the Groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i>L.) Leaf Spot Disease: Genetic Analysis and Developmental Cycles

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第5期3卷 582-588页

作者： L. Tshilenge-Lukanda K. K. C. Nkongolo A. Kalonji-Mbuyi R. V. Kizungu Department of Biological Sciences Laurentian University Sudbury Canada Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Regional Nuclear Energy Center Kinshasa DR Congo Faculty of Agronomy University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo

Groundnut leaf spot is one of the important factors limiting groundnut productivity in Africa particularly in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo). Early and late leaf spot disease of groundnut caused by cercospora arachidicola Hori and Cercosporidium personatum (Berk & Curt.) Deighton, respectively, can cause considerable yield losses without fungicide management. The main objectives of this research were to analyze plant and disease developmental cycles. Significant differences were observed among the groundnut varieties evaluated for resistance to the leaf spot disease. The results show that plant development cycle can be divided into three developmental stages. A first stage characterized by a low production of leaves, a second stage with a significant leaf development and finally a third stage with a reduction of leaves. Interestingly, the leaf spot disease cycle was also divided in three stages. The disease stage characterized by the highest level of symptom expression was not associated with the plant phase with the highest emerged leaves. Disease symptoms reached the highest pick only after the phase of intense leaf development. The molecular analysis revealed that all the groundnut varieties analyzed were genetically closely related even though they showed different reactions to the leaf spot disease.

关键词： Groundnut Leaf Spot cercospora arachidicola Cercosporidium personatum DR Congo Genetic Variation

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加强对代森类杀菌剂管理的建议

农药科学与管理 1991年第3期12卷 43-44,38-39页

作者：洪锡午中国农科院植保所

一、国外代森类杀菌剂的动态 1948年及1954年代森锌、代森锰相继问世,1961年美国罗门哈斯公司代森锰锌商品化,效果比代森锌好,对疫霉属(Phytophthora)、壳二孢属(Ascochyta)、尾孢属(cercospora)等许多真菌病害防效好、毒性低,含乙撑硫... 详细信息

一、国外代森类杀菌剂的动态 1948年及1954年代森锌、代森锰相继问世,1961年美国罗门哈斯公司代森锰锌商品化,效果比代森锌好,对疫霉属(Phytophthora)、壳二孢属(Ascochyta)、尾孢属(cercospora)等许多真菌病害防效好、毒性低,含乙撑硫脲(ETU)量极微,较为安全。因为具有广谱、无药害、不易引起病菌产生抗药性,可与多种农药复配混用等特点,所以在美国及其他国家应用发展很快。

关键词：代森类杀菌剂代森锌 cercospora Phytophthora 尾孢属罗门哈斯壳二孢属疫霉属真菌病施药次数

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李明远断病手迹(七十一) 浅谈芹菜叶斑病

农业工程技术 2016年第22期36卷 68-69页

作者：李明远北京市农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心北京100097

2016年3月的一天,我到北京市通州区的一个蔬菜基地考察,发现他们基地几株芹菜的大部分叶片枯死,像是得了芹菜叶斑病。芹菜叶斑病(学名:cercospora apii Fres.)属于一种常见病害,一般情况下发生得比较轻,在叶片上形成一些近圆形的褐斑,... 详细信息

2016年3月的一天,我到北京市通州区的一个蔬菜基地考察,发现他们基地几株芹菜的大部分叶片枯死,像是得了芹菜叶斑病。芹菜叶斑病(学名:cercospora apii Fres.)属于一种常见病害,一般情况下发生得比较轻,在叶片上形成一些近圆形的褐斑,病斑直径一般不超过10 mm(图1),发生后及时施药,就会得到防治。但是,我在这个基地见到的芹菜叶斑病和我之前见到的不大相同。其病斑较大。

关键词：芹菜叶斑病李明远病斑直径 cercospora 芹菜早疫病甲基硫菌灵北京市通州区七十一黄瓜霜霉病孢子梗