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Numerical investigation of the wind environment around tall buildings in a central business district

Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第4期13卷 848-858页

作者： Pingzhi FANG Deqian ZHENG Ming GU Haifeng CHENG Bihong ZHU Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration Shanghai 200030China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Investigation Design&Research Institute Co.Ltd.Shanghai 200335China

The wind environment around tall buildings in a central business district(CBD)was numerically *** district covers an area of-^4.0 km2 and features a high density of tall *** this study,only buildings taller than 20 m were considered,resulting in 173 tall buildings in the *** numerical investigation was realized using the commercial computational fluid dynamics code FLUENT with the realizable A-6:turbulence *** efforts were made to maintain inflow boundary conditions throughout the computational *** reliability of the numerical method was validated using results from an experimental investigation conducted in the core area of the CBD(〜1.5 km2).Experimental and numerical investigations of wind speed ratios at the center of the three tallest buildings in the CBD agree within an uncertainty factor of *** the experimental and numerical results show that wind speed ratios in the wind field with exposure category D are higher than those from the wind field with exposure category *** on the above validation work,the wind environment around tall buildings in the whole CBD was then investigated by numerical *** flow phenomena and patterns,such as stagnation points,shielding effects,separation flow,and channeling flow,were identified around the tall *** pedestrianlevel wind environment around tall buildings in the CBD was further evaluated using nearby meteorological wind *** evaluation results show that some pedestrian activities,such as sitting at the center of the three tallest buildings,are unadvisable when the wind blows from the south-east.

关键词： wind environment pedestrian-level wind computational fluid dynamics wind speed ratio central business district

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Noise Exposure Levels in Basic School Environments in a City in Ghana

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2021年第1期11卷 81-95页

作者： Lois N. K. Quartey Samuel Amos-Abanyie Samuel O. Afram Project Coordinator Building Early Accra Project/Sociarchi Accra Ghana Department of Architecture Kwame Nkrumah University of science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Basic schools that are located in heavily populated residential and commercial areas in Ghana are exposed to environmental noise that can have detrimental effects on the academic attainments of children. Limited studies have been conducted on noise level in basic schools to date in Ghana. The objective of the study was to assess noise levels in and around learning spaces in basic schools in Ghana with a focus on Kumasi. A survey employing the use of interviews and an empirical monitoring of noise levels in and around learning spaces in four selected basic schools were adopted. The study revealed that mean outdoor and indoor noise levels exceed the World Health Organisation permissible limits by 30 - 40 percent and 90 - 107 percent respectively for schools in the commercial zones and schools that are located near highways. The school that is sited in an educational environment with a setback from the highway attained mean noise levels ranging from 1.2 percent below to 3.7 percent above the permissible limits for outdoor and between 64 - 105 percent for indoor. The outcome of the study is expected to engender the design of environmental noise resilient buildings to facilitate teaching and learning in basic schools in Ghana.

关键词： Environmental Noise Sound Level Basic Schools central business district Kumasi

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郊区化与美国购物城的兴起

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经济史 2001年第4期 120-125页

作者：王旭

零售业集中反映了城市空间结构的变化，是衡量城市发展水平的一个重要指标，值得专门研究。本文通过对美国郊区化和购物城兴起关系的探讨，发现两者有很深的内在联系。在美国已成为郊区居民为主的情况下，购物城仍将存在下去，并保持兴... 详细信息

零售业集中反映了城市空间结构的变化，是衡量城市发展水平的一个重要指标，值得专门研究。本文通过对美国郊区化和购物城兴起关系的探讨，发现两者有很深的内在联系。在美国已成为郊区居民为主的情况下，购物城仍将存在下去，并保持兴盛局面。这对美国现代社会生活产生了很大的积极影响，但同时它也强化了居住区隔离现象，加深了美国社会两极分化的鸿沟。

关键词：郊区化购物城零售业市中心商业区 suburbanization shopping mall retail business central business district

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