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Time course of plant diversity effects on centaurea jacea establishment and the role of competition and herbivory

Journal of Plant Ecology 2010年第2期3卷 109-121页

作者： Norma Nitschke Anne Ebeling Tanja Rottstock Christoph Scherber Cornelius Middelhoff Sylvia Creutzburg Alexandra Weigelt Teja Tscharntke Markus Fischer Wolfgang WWeisser Institute of Ecology Friedrich-Schiller-University JenaDornburger Strasse 15907743 JenaGermany Agroecology Georg-August-University GottingenWaldweg 2637073 GottingenGermany Institute of Biochemistry and Biology University of PotsdamMaulbeerallee 114469 PotsdamGermany Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry Hans-Knoll-Strasse 1007745 JenaGermany Institute of Biology I University of LeipzigJohannisallee 21-2304103LeipzigGermany Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 213013 BernSwitzerland

Aims Invasion resistance in experimental plant communities is known to increase with increasing diversity and further to depend on the presence of particular functional *** test whether these effects also hold true for the invader establishment phase beyond the seedling stage,we studied survival and performance of centaurea jacea L.(brown knapweed)planted into experimental grassland communities of varying plant biodiversity over three consecutive ***,we analysed the role of insect herbivory and biomass of the recipient community for mediating diversity *** In 2005,seedlings of centaurea were transplanted into experimental grassland communities(the Jena Experiment)covering a species richness(1–60)and functional group richness(1–4)*** of these transplants and the community surrounding them in each plot were sprayed with insecticide while the other half served as *** 2006 and 2007(during the second and third year after transplantation),we recorded survival,growth-related(*** biomass,height)and reproduction-related traits(*** of flower heads).Annual data on community aboveground biomass served as covariate to investigate mediating effects of aboveground competition with the recipient *** Findings Species richness was the most important factor responsible for centaurea *** levels of diversity decreased survival and all performance traits in both *** diversity effects were partly driven by community biomass,but not fully explained by that covariate,suggesting the importance also of further *** influence of functional group richnesswas strong in the second year after transplantation and weaker in the third *** the particular functional groups,only the presence of legumes showed strong negative effects on centaurea survival and weak negative effects on growth and reproduction,the latter two being mediated by *** herbivore reduction considerably b

关键词： invasion resistance aboveground competition biomass Jena Experiment experimental grassland centaurea jacea

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