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Distributed cell-free Massive MIMO Versus cellular Massive MIMO Under UE Hardware Impairments

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第5期33卷 1274-1285页

作者： Ning LI Pingzhi FAN School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong University

This paper first investigates and compares the uplink spectral efficiency(SE) of distributed cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output(mmimo) and cellular mmimo networks, both with user equipment(UE)hardware impairments. We derive a lower bound on the uplink ergodic channel capacity of the cellular mmimo with UE hardware impairments, based on which we determine the optimal receive combining that maximizes the instantaneous effective signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio. Then, a lower bound on the uplink capacity of a distributed cellfree mmimo with UE hardware impairments is derived using the use-and-then-forget technique. On this basis, the optimum large-scale fading decoding vector is found using generalized Rayleigh entropy. By using three combining schemes of minimum mean-square error(MMSE), regularized zero-forcing(RZF), and maximum ratio, the uplink SEs of distributed cell-free mmimo and cellular mmimo networks are analyzed and compared. The results show that the two-layer decoding distributed cell-free mmimo network with MMSE combining outperforms the cellular mmimo network, and the advantage is more evident as the hardware impairment factor increases. Finally, the uplink energy efficiency(EE) of the distributed cell-free mmimo networks is analyzed and evaluated through the established realistic power consumption model with hardware impairments. Simulation results show that two-layer decoding provides higher SE and EE than single-layer decoding. In addition, RZF achieves almost the same SE and EE as MMSE in a two-layer decoding architecture.

关键词： Massive multiple-input multiple-output (mmimo) cell-free mmimo cellular mmimo Hardware impairments Uplink Energy efficiency Optimal receive combining Massive multiple-input multiple-output (mmimo) cell-free mmimo Spectral efficiency Spectral efficiency Hardware impairments Uplink Energy efficiency Optimal receive combining ENERGY EFFICIENCY SYSTEMS NETWORKS DESIGN UPLINK PERFORMANCE

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