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Amino acid nutrition and metabolism in domestic cats and dogs

畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版 2023年第5期14卷 1777-1797页

作者： Peng Li Guoyao Wu North American Renderers Association AlexandriaVirginia 22314USA Department of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Domestic cats and dogs are carnivores that have evolved differentially in the nutrition and metabolism of amino acids.This article highlights both proteinogenic and nonproteinogenic amino acids.Dogs inadequately synthesize citrulline(the precursor of arginine)from glutamine,glutamate,and proline in the small intestine.Although most breeds of dogs have potential for adequately converting cysteine into taurine in the liver,a small proportion(1.3%-2.5%)of the Newfoundland dogs fed commercially available balanced diets exhibit a deficiency of taurine possibly due to gene mutations.Certain breeds of dogs(e.g.,golden retrievers)are more prone to taurine deficiency possibly due to lower hepatic activities of cysteine dioxygenase and cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase.De novo synthesis of arginine and taurine is very limited in cats.Thus,concentrations of both taurine and arginine in feline milk are the greatest among domestic mammals.Compared with dogs,cats have greater endogenous nitrogen losses and higher dietary requirements for many amino acids(e.g.,arginine,taurine,cysteine,and tyrosine),and are less sensitive to amino acid imbalances and antagonisms.Throughout adulthood,cats and dogs may lose 34%and 21%of their lean body mass,respectively.Adequate intakes of high-quality protein(i.e.,32%and 40%animal protein in diets of aging dogs and cats,respectively;dry matter basis)are recommended to alleviate aging-associated reductions in the mass and function of skeletal muscles and bones.Pet-food grade animal-sourced foodstuffs are excellent sources of both proteinogenic amino acids and taurine for cats and dogs,and can help to optimize their growth,development,and health.

关键词： Animal-sourced foodstuffs cats Dogs Health Metabolism Nutrition

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中国移动发布全球首台算力路由器cats Router ,用于边缘计算等场景

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自动化博览 2024年第2期41卷 6-6页

2024年2月26日,中国移动发布全球首台算力路由器(cats Router)。本次发布的设备历时两年研制成功,是我国在算力网络领域取得重大原创性突破。中国移动研制推出的算力路由号称解决了边缘计算场景中的“性能反转”问题,为用户提供了灵活... 详细信息

2024年2月26日,中国移动发布全球首台算力路由器(cats Router)。本次发布的设备历时两年研制成功,是我国在算力网络领域取得重大原创性突破。中国移动研制推出的算力路由号称解决了边缘计算场景中的“性能反转”问题,为用户提供了灵活的“入算”服务,将应用请求调度至最优的网络路径及计算节点,通过网络的接入即可获取优质的算网一体化服务。

关键词：网络路径计算节点请求调度 cats 中国移动路由器一体化服务边缘计算

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Endogenous neurotrophin-3 promotes neuronal sprouting from dorsal root ganglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第11期10卷 1865-1868页

作者： Xu-yang Wang Pei-yuan Gu Shi-wen Chen Wen-wei Gao Heng-li Tian Xiang-he Lu Wei-ming Zheng Qi-chuan Zhuge Wei-xing Hu Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Department of Neurosurgery Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated 6th People’s Hospital Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University

In the present study, we investigated the role of endogenous neurotrophin-3 in nerve terminal sprouting 2 months after spinal cord dorsal root rhizotomy. The left L1-5 and L7-S2 dorsal root ganglia in adult cats were exposed and removed, preserving the L6 dorsal root ganglia. Neurotrophin-3 was mainly expressed in large neurons in the dorsal root ganglia and in some neurons in spinal lamina II. Two months after rhizotomy, the number of neurotrophin-3-positive neurons in the spared dorsal root ganglia and the density of neurite sprouts emerging from these ganglia were increased. Intraperitoneal injection of an antibody against neurotrophin-3 decreased the density of neurite sprouts. These findings suggest that endogenous neurotrophin-3 is involved in spinal cord plasticity and regeneration, and that it promotes axonal sprouting from the dorsal root ganglia after spinal cord dorsal root rhizotomy.

关键词： nerve regeneration neurotrophin-3 sensory neurons dorsal root ganglion cats nerveterminal neural regeneration

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INCREASED PLASMA ENDOTHELIN-1 CONCENTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CEREBRAL INFARCTION AND ACTIONS OF ENDOTHELIN-1 ON PIAL ARTERIOLES OF RAT

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1993年第12期106卷 917-921页

作者：魏岗之张津盛树力艾厚喜马金成刘惠波 Department of Neurology Xuanwu HospitalBeijing 100053

In acute cerebral ischemia there are severe damages ofendothelium which have been recognized as the stimuli to se-crete endothelia-1, an endothelium-derived peptide and themost potent vasoconstrictor ever known. This study was tomeasure plasma endothelia-1 level in patients with cerebralinfarction and explore the relationship between endothelia-1and ischemic stroke. The possible involvement of endothelia-1in local regulation of cerebral arterioles was also investigated.Plasma levels of endothelia-1 were measured byradioimmunoassay in 21 patients. Using a micro-video system,the endothelin-1 actions were also observed on rat pialarterioles in vivo, and with incomplete cerebral ischemia model（rat）, effect of ischemia affects the endothelia-1 action. Therewas a marked increase in plasma endothelia-1 level in the pa-tients and the elevation persisted during the acute and subacuteperiod of stroke. There was a positive correlation between thepeptide concentration and infarct size （r=0.655, P<0.01）. Inrats, endothelia-1 (dose range: 10mole / L-10mole / L)induced a dose-dependent arteriole contraction after subduraladministration. Arteriole calibers were decreased by 27.7%±3.8% (10mole / L), 46.8%±4.9% (10（-8） mole / L) and78.5%±4.7% (10（-7） mole / L), respectively. Cerebral ischemiasignificantly enhanced the action of endothelia-1 （96.4%±7.2% vs 58.2%±6.8%）. Endothelin-1 plays an important rolein regulating local circulation of ischemic brain. The notableand lasting increase in plasma level of endothelin-1 are associ-ated with cerebral ischemia and infarction. The peptide seemsto be involved in the pathophysiology of acute cerebralischemia and plays a deleterious role in the progress of cere-bral infarction.

关键词： SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE VASOCONSTRICTOR PEPTIDE CELLS CIRCULATION BRAIN cats

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Decortication and visual deprivation do not affect two types of directional properties of LGNd relay cells in the cat

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1996年第23期41卷 1986-1990页

作者：周逸峰寿天德 Vision Research Laboratory Department of Biology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026 China Beijing Laboratory of Cognitive Science Graduate School University of Science and Technology of China Beijing 100039 China

Direction sensitivity is an important receptive property of visual cortical cells.On thesubcortical visual pathways,recent studies have shown that about 32% of LGNd relay cellsand 25% of retinal ganglion cells presented direction sensitivity.This kind of directionsensitivity was also present in LGNd neurons of decorticate cats and dark-reared cats.Zhou et al.described two different types of direction sensitive cells in

关键词： direction sensitivity LGNd decorticate cats dark-reared cats.

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Initially Organized Arrangement of Orientation and Direction Sensitivities of LGNd Relay Cells in Decorticate cats

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1993年第22期38卷 1908-1912页

作者：周逸峰寿天德 Vision Research Laboratory Department of Biology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 PRC Beijing Laboratory of Cognitive Science Graduate School University of Science and Technology of China Beijing 100039 PRC

Since Levick et al. found and studied the orientation biases of retinal ganglion cells of cats, there has been increasing interest in subcortical orientation sensitivity. Shou et al. studied the orientation sensitivity of dorsal geniculate nucleus (LGNd) relay cells of the cat in details. They found that cells with similar preferred orientation are clustered in the LGNd, which is apparent for all cell types (ON, OFF, X, Y) and cells with different receptive field locations in retina. It is suggested that the initial sorting of orientation functional columns in the visual cortex may begin in the LGNd.

关键词： orientation sensitivity direction sensitivity LGNd decorticate cats

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Comparative proteomic analysis of mature and immature oocytes in domestic cats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2020年第1期9卷 22-30页

作者： Bongkoch Turathum Kulnasan Saikhun Sittiruk Roytrakul Chinnarat Changsangfa Supita Tanasawet Morakot Sroyraya Yindee Kitiyanant Department of Anatomy Faculty of ScienceMahidol UniversityRama VI RoadBangkok 10400Thailand Department of Basic Medical Science Faculty of Medicine Vajira hospitalNavamindradhiraj UniversityBangkok 10300Thailand Institute of Molecular Biosciences Mahidol UniversityNakhonPathom 73170Thailand National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology National Science and Technology Development AgencyPathumthani 12120Thailand Department of Anatomy Faculty of SciencePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90112Thailand

Objective:To evaluate changes of feline(Felis catus)oocytes proteins during in vitro maturation by using the proteomic approach.Methods:Immature oocytes(germinal vesicle)isolated from female cats were cultured and collected at 0 h and 24 h.After collection,oocytes were investigated into immature(germinal vesicle)and mature(metaphaseⅡ)stages.The qualitative profiles of the proteins at the immature and mature stages were determined by one-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results:Our data revealed that following 24 h in vitro maturation the maturation rate(metaphaseⅡstage)was 58.7%.Eighty-one of the 260 proteins analyzed were differentially expressed between the germinal vesicle stage and the metaphaseⅡ-arrest stage.Proteomic analysis of germinal vesicle and metaphaseⅡoocytes showed abundant expression of proteins involved in transportation(10%),indicating that this was a major characteristic of germinal vesicle oocytes.Similarly,analysis of the proteome of metaphaseⅡoocytes indicated that cell cycle proteins were overexpressed.Interestingly,proteins involved in DNA repair and apoptosis were only expressed in germinal vesicle oocytes and proteins involved in fertilization were only expressed in metaphaseⅡoocytes.Conclusions:The overexpression of certain proteins in germinal vesicle and metaphaseⅡis necessary for oocyte development and maturation.Our findings provide a valuable resource for further investigations into protein expression in oocytes at different developmental stages.

关键词： Domestic cats Immature oocytes Mature oocytes Proteomics

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cats Infected by Feline Leukemia Virus—Morpho-Quantitative Evaluation of the Thymus

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2015年第3期5卷 277-282页

作者： Flávia Azevedo Cavalcanti de Melo Anna Clara dos Santos Kaique Nogueira André Rodrigues da Cunha Barreto-Vianna Eduardo Maurício Mendes de Lima Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine University of Brasilia Brasília Brazil

The feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a complex disease that affects mainly the immune and hematological systems of cats. And because the thymus was closely associated with the immune system, the aim of this study was to quantify the morphological changes in the thymus of naturally infected and uninfected animals. Thymus morphological changes were evaluated by quantifying the following parameters: thymocytes, fat tissue, thymic corpuscles, connective tissue, and type I and III collagen. This study analyzed a total of seven cats, five in the negative group (Fn) and two in the positive (Fp) group. The areas occupied by thymocytes in FeLV negative (Fn) and positive (Fp) animals were, respectively, 55.16% ± 6.15% and 44.81% ± 6.15% (p = 0.39);adipocytes, 42.14% ± 5.97% (Fn) and 53.42% ± 11.3% (Fp) (p = 0.34);blood vessels, 0.85% ± 0.24% (Fn) and 1.75% ± 0.52% (Fp) (p = 0.15). Whereas thymic corpuscles occupied an area of 0.68% ± 0.19% in negative animals (Fn) only. The connective tissue covered area varied between 12.05% ± 0.68% (Fn) and 10.34% ± 0.62% (Fp) (p = 0.009). Collagen type I (p = 0.30) and type III (p = 0.59) were present in, respectively, 1.73% ± 0.3% and 0.44% ± 0.09% in Fn, and 1.44% ± 0.36 and 0.44% ± 0.13% in Fp. The FeLV virus was not able to completely modify the thymus structure of infected animals, considering the areas occupied by thymocytes, adipose tissue, blood vessels and also type I and III collagens. However, the connective tissue underwent a certain degree of remodeling since less connective tissue area was observed in FeLV infected animals. The absence of thymic corpuscles in immunosuppressed animals suggests a possible connection to thymopoiesis.

关键词： Domestic cats Morphology Lymphoid Organ FeLV

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2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者血清IL-6、PCT、cats、Gal-3与糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗和心功能的相关性分析

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现代生物医学进展 2022年第16期22卷 3076-3080页

作者：杜海燕皇甫卫忠刘中华包秋红程文俊内蒙古医科大学附属医院全科医学科内蒙古呼和浩特010050 内蒙古医科大学附属医院老年医学中心一病区内蒙古呼和浩特010050

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并冠心病患者血清白介素-6(IL-6)、降钙素原(PCT)、组织蛋白酶S(cats)、半乳糖凝集素3(Gal-3)与糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗和心功能的相关性。方法:选择我院2019年2月~2021年2月收治的102例T2DM患者,将其根据是否... 详细信息

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并冠心病患者血清白介素-6(IL-6)、降钙素原(PCT)、组织蛋白酶S(cats)、半乳糖凝集素3(Gal-3)与糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗和心功能的相关性。方法:选择我院2019年2月~2021年2月收治的102例T2DM患者,将其根据是否伴有冠心病分成单纯T2DM组(n=62)和T2DM合并冠心病组(n=40)。另取同期健康体检人员50例作为对照组。比较三组血清IL-6、PCT、cats、Gal-3水平。对比单纯T2DM组与T2DM合并冠心病组间糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗和心功能指标差异,并分析血清IL-6、PCT、cats、Gal-3与上述指标的相关性。结果:单纯T2DM组、T2DM合并冠心病组的血清IL-6、PCT、cats、Gal-3水平均高于对照组,且T2DM合并冠心病组上述各项指标水平均高于单纯T2DM组(P0.05)。T2DM合并冠心病组左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)及左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)均低于单纯T2DM组(Pcats、Gal-3水平与LDL-C水平、HOMA-IR均呈正相关,而与LVEF、LVESV、LVEDV均呈负相关(Pcats、Gal-3水平呈异常高表达,且和糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗和心功能密切相关,对患者病情具有一定辅助评估价值。

关键词： 2型糖尿病冠心病 IL-6 PCT cats Gal-3 糖脂代谢胰岛素抵抗心功能相关性

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中国沿海海洋站GNSS坐标时间序列噪声模型的建立与分析

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Marine Science Bulletin 2023年第2期25卷 63-74页

作者：金波文王慧刘玉龙邓丽静吕江华国家海洋信息中心天津300171

选取中国沿海海洋站中与验潮室并址的22个GNSS基准站近9a的观测资料,利用最大似然估计法分析各站时间序列的噪声特性,建立最优噪声模型;然后顾及有色噪声,利用最优噪声模型估计测站速度,并与纯白噪声模型和GLOBK获取的速度及误差进行对... 详细信息

选取中国沿海海洋站中与验潮室并址的22个GNSS基准站近9a的观测资料,利用最大似然估计法分析各站时间序列的噪声特性,建立最优噪声模型;然后顾及有色噪声,利用最优噪声模型估计测站速度,并与纯白噪声模型和GLOBK获取的速度及误差进行对比分析。结果表明:(1)沿海海洋站的GNSS时间序列均含有有色噪声,各分量的噪声特性不完全一致,E方向和U分量均以白噪声+闪烁噪声为主,N分量以白噪声+闪烁噪声和白噪声+一阶马尔科夫噪声+随机漫步噪声为主。(2)全国沿海3个海区N、E分量的白噪声和闪烁噪声基本呈现越往南噪声越大的规律,南海海区U分量的白噪声和闪烁声最大。(3)顾及有色噪声的速度中误差是仅考虑白噪声和GLOBK估计的速度中误差估计值的5-10倍,这种差异比内陆观测站的要大。(4)在对海洋站GNSS时间序列进行速度分析时,为获取正确的速度值,应该先准确判断噪声的类型,再顾及有色噪声的影响估计测站速度。

关键词：海洋站验潮站 GNSS时间序列噪声模型 cats

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