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Cloning and Functional Analysis of the MADS-box CiMADS9 Gene from carya illinoinensis

Horticultural Plant Journal 2015年第1期1卷 11-16页

作者： ZHANG Jiyu MO Zhenghai LI Yongrong WANG Gang XUAN Jiping JIA Xiaodong GUO Zhongren QIAN Meihua Institute of Botany Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing Green Universe Pecan Science & Technology Co.Ltd.

A MADS-box gene,CiMADS9,was cloned from the male flowers of carya illinoinensis by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The gene was 1 077 bp with a 768 bp open reading frame encoding 255 amino acids. Multiple sequence comparisons revealed that Ci MADS9 is a typical MIKC-type MADS-box gene with a MADS-box domain and a K semi-conserved region. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CiMADS9 belongs to the AGL15 group of the MADS-box gene family. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that the expression levels in reproductive organs(i.e.,flowers and young fruits) were considerably higher than in vegetative tissues(i.e.,leaves and branches). The highest expression levels were observed in male flowers. An overexpression vector for CiMADS9 was constructed and the gene was inserted into the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. CiMADS9 expression was confirmed in all transgenic lines. Compared with wild-type plants,transgenic A. thaliana plants overexpressing CiMADS9 exhibited delayed flowering and an increased number of leaves.

关键词： carya illinoinensis flower organ development Ci MADS9 gene expression function analysis

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Visual rating and the use of image analysis for assessing canopy density in a pecan provenance collection during leaf fall

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第6期34卷 1843-1854页

作者： Cristina Pisani Clive H.Bock Jennifer Randall United States Department of Agriculture−Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS)Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Station(SEFTNRS)ByronGA 31008USA Department of Entomology Plant Pathology and Weed ScienceNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNM 88003USA

A collection representing the native range of pecan was planted at the US DA-ARS Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Station,Byron,*** collection(867 trees)is a valuable genetic resource for characterizing important horticultural *** density during leaf fall is important as the seasonal canopy dynamics provides insights to environmental cues and breeding potential of *** ability of visual raters to estimate canopy density on a subset of the provenance collection(76 trees)as an indicator of leaf shed during autumn along with image analysis values was *** canopy density using the image analysis software was less compared to visual estimates(11.9%vs 18.4%,respectively).At higher canopy densities,the raters overestimated foliage density,but overall agreement between raters and measured values was good(ρc=0.849 to 0.915),and inter-rater reliability was high(R^(2)=0.910 to 0.953).The provenance from Missouri(MOL),the northernmost provenance,had the lowest canopy density in November,and results show that the higher the latitude of the provenance,the lower the canopy *** on regression,the source provenance latitude explained 0.609 of the variation using image analysis,and0.551 to 0.640 when based on the rater estimates of canopy *** assessment of pecan canopy density due to late season leaf fall for comparing pecan genotypes provides accurate and reliable estimates and could be used in future studies of the whole provenance collection.

关键词： carya illinoinensis Accuracy Reliability Canopy Foliage density Leaf area density Leaf area index

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Effect of indaziflam on microbial activity and nitrogen cycling processes in an orchard soil

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Pedosphere 2022年第6期32卷 803-811页

作者： Amir M.GONZÁLEZ-DELGADO Pierre-AndréJACINTHE Manoj K.SHUKLA Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State UniversityLas Cruces NM 88003(USA) Department of Earth Sciences Indiana University Purdue UniversityIndianapolis IN 46202(USA)

Indaziflam is a preemergent herbicide widely used for the control of weeds in pecan(carya illinoinensis)orchards in the southwestern region of the United *** the paucity of data regarding the effect of indaziflam on the biochemical properties of soils supporting pecan production,this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different application rates of indaziflam on soil microbial activity,diversity,and biochemical processes related to nitrogen(N)*** two consecutive growing seasons(2015 and 2016),soil samples were obtained from experimental mesocosms consisting of soil-filled pots where pecan saplings were grown and treated with indaziflam applied at two different rates(25 and 50 g active ingredient(ai)ha^(-1),with the higher rate being slightly lower than the recommended field application rate of 73.1 g ai ha^(-1)).Soil samples were collected approximately one week before and one week after herbicide application for determination of soil microbial biomass and diversity,N mineralization,andβ-glucosaminidase *** samples collected from the control mesocosms without herbicide application were treated in the laboratory with two rates of indaziflam(75 and 150 g ai ha^(-1))to determine the immediate effect on microbial *** significant effect of herbicide treatment on soil respiration and microbial biomass was *** results showed a slight to moderate decrease in microbial diversity(7%in 2015 and 44%in 2016).However,decreasedβ-glucosaminidase activity with herbicide treatment was observed in soils from the mesocosms(33%)and soils treated with indaziflam in the laboratory(45%).The mineral N pool was generally dominated by ammonium after indaziflam application,which was consistent with the drastic decrease(75%)in nitrification activity measured in the laboratory *** results of this study indicate that indaziflam,even when applied at higher than recommended rates,has limited effects on soil microbial activity,but

关键词： carya illinoinensis β-glucosaminidase activity mesocosm experiment microbial biomass microbial diversity mineral nitrogen speciation nitrification

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Proline and Oxidative Metabolism in Young Pecan Trees Associated with Sulphate Accumulation

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第6期91卷 1141-1152页

作者： Dalila Jacqueline Escudero-Almanza Oscar Cruz-Alvarez Ofelia Adriana Hernández-Rodríguez Juan Luis Jacobo-Cuellar Esteban Sánchez-Chávez Pablo Preciado-Rángel Dámaris Leopoldina Ojeda-Barrios Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas Universidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaChihuahua31350México Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C.Delicias33088México InstitutoTecnologico Nacional de México-Instituto Tecnológico de Torreón Coahuila27170México

Pecan[carya illinoinensis(Wangenh.)***.]is a deciduous tree whose fruits(nuts)are of high economic value and offer excellent nutritional ***,soils high in sulphates can limit its growth and *** with 5-year-old trees of‘Western Schley’pecan grown in soils high in sulphates,the levels of proline and oxidative metabolism were recorded in the *** showed that different levels of visible leaflet damage(‘sufficiency’,‘low’,‘moderate’or‘severe’)were associated with different levels of leaflet sulphates(mg kg^(−1)):‘sufficiency’(≤40),‘low’(41–60),‘moderate’(61–80)and‘severe’(80–100).‘Severe’sulphate damage was associated with significant reductions in chlorophyll(TChl)(17.04μg g^(−1)),relative water content(RWC)(50%)and leaf area(LA),and with increases in the concentrations of total carotenoids(TC)and proline(Prl).Increases were also observed in the activities of the oxidative metabolism enzymes:superoxide dismutase(SOD)(1.82 units min^(−1) g^(−1)),catalase(CAT)(2.86μmol H_(2)O_(2) min^(−1) g^(−1))and antioxidant capacity(AC)(87%DPPH inhibition).However,guaiacol peroxidase(GP)showed a reduction(2.97 nmol GSH min^(−1) g^(−1)).An inverse relationship was found between the sulphate concentration in the leaflets with respect to the evaluated parameters of TChl,TC,RWC,LA,AC,and *** synthesis and antioxidant enzymatic activity indicate salt stress in pecan leaflets in orchards irrigated with deep-well water high in sulphates.

关键词： carya illinoinensis catalase guaiacol peroxidase salt stress photosynthetic pigments superoxide dismutase

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Role of the Zinc Nutritional Status on Main Physiological Bioindicators of the Pecan Tree

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第12期8卷 1327-1336页

作者： Angelica Anahi Acevedo-Barrera Esteban Sanchez Rosa Maria Yanez-Munoz Juan Manuel Soto-Parra Angel Lagarda-Murrieta Vicente de Paul Alvarez-Reyna Eduardo Madero-Tamargo Alejandro Moreno-Resendez Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro TorreonMéxico Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo A.C.Unidad Delicias DeliciasMéxico Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnologicas Universidad Autonoma de ChihuahuaChihuahuaMéxico

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Zn nutritional status on the content of pigments, nonstructural carbohydrates, foliage proteins and amino acids of the pecan tree, as possible bioindicators of Zn deficiency. The experimental design was completely random with three Zn nutritional statuses: Normal, Intermediate and Deficient, being selected considering visual symptomatology. On all three nutritional statuses, the concentration of photosynthetic pigments was determined as well as of total soluble proteins and amino acids. Obtained results indicate that Zn deficient nutritional status was characterized by minimum photosynthetic pigment, protein concentrations, maximum amino acid and nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations. While the normal Zn nutritional status presented maximum photosynthetic pigments, proteins concentrations, minimum amino acids and carbohydrate concentrations. On the other hand, intermediate Zn nutritional status was characterized by a medium level between the other two Zn nutritional statuses. Finally, we stress the fact that pigments, proteins, amino acids and nonstructural carbohydrates may be good physiological indicators related to Zn nutritional status on pecan trees.

关键词： carya illinoinensis Bioindicators Deficiency Nutritional Stress

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