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Science Bulletin 2017年第7期62卷 476-485页

作者： Mohamed Ewas Yangqiang Gao Farhan Ali Elsayed M. Nishawy Raheel Shahzad Hizar Subthain Mohamed Amar Cathie Martin Jie Luo National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) College of Life Sdence and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China Egyptian Deserts Gene Bank (EDGB) Genetic Resources Department Cairo Egypt Deserts Research Center (DRC) Cairo Egypt John lnnes Centre Norwich Research Park Colney Norwich NR4 7UH UK

Improving nutritional fruit quality and impacts important agro-traits such as biotic or abiotic stresses are extremely important for human *** previous study reported that manipulation of Sl MX1 gene enhanced carotenoids accumulation and drought resistance in ***,RNA-Seq analysis proved to be a very useful tool to provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms of Sl MX1 involved in stress resistance and enhanced secondary *** analysis showed that overexpression of Sl MX1 results in substantially increased broad-spectrum tolerance to a wide-range of abiotic and biotic(fungus,bacteria,virus and insects) stresses in *** research appears to be of remarkable interest because enhanced terpenoids content has been achieved by increasing trichome *** addition,we reported two types of trichome which seems to be aberrant types in *** study unravels the mechanism of regulation of Sl MX1,which simultaneously modulates resistance and metabolic processes through regulating key structural and regulatory genes of the corresponding pathways.

关键词： Tomato SlMX1 Resistance carotenoids Terpenoids Mechanism RNA Seq

Ancient Microorganisms and carotenoids Preserved in Fluid Inclusions in Halite from Chaka Salt Lake,Western China:Evidence from Micro-observation and in situ Raman Spectroscopy

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第3期95卷 1008-1015页

作者： CHEN Yong WANG Jiuyuan ZHOU Zhenzhu CHEN Xiaolan ZHAO Zhenyu SHI Peng HAN Yun School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)QingdaoShandong 266580China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization&Sedimentary Mineral Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266590China Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA PetroChina Exploration and Development Institute Beijing 100083China Bohai Oil Research Institute Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Ltd300459Tianjin 300459China

Trapped ancient microorganisms in halite fluid inclusions are of special interest to the understanding of biology and ecology in salt lake *** the integration of petrologic,microthermometric,and Raman spectroscopic analyses,this study utilizes fluid inclusions from Chaka Salt Lake,eastern Qaidam Basin,NW China,to assess the possibility of microorganism-trapping by fluid ***,we report that the solid phase of some primary fluid inclusions contains carotenoids,which is interpreted as evidence of Dunaliella algae,and that the coexisting liquid phase comprises SO_(4)^(2-).The homogenization temperatures of single-phase primary fluid inclusions indicate that the precipitation temperature of the Holocene halite in Chaka Salt Lake ranges from 13.5℃ to 36.4℃.This suggests that fluid inclusions in halite are a good medium for trapping and preserving ancient microorganisms and organic matter in salt lakes,and that Raman spectroscopy has good potential to identify halophilic archaea.

关键词： invertebrate paleontology halophile microorganisms halite fluid inclusions carotenoids Qinghai Province

Quantitative Structure-activity Relationship Studies on the Antioxidant Activity and Gap Junctional Communication of carotenoids

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2010年第9期29卷 1362-1372页

作者：孙玉敬吴丹刘东红陈健初沈妍叶兴乾 Department of Food Science and Nutrition School of Biosystems Engineering and Food ScienceZhejiang University

The antioxidant and gap junctional communication（GJC） activities of carotenoids are known to be the two main anticancer *** structure-activity relationship（QSAR） models of the two activities were developed using stepwise regression and multilayer perceptron neural network based on the calculated descriptors of quantum *** results showed that the significant molecular descriptor related to the antioxidant activity of carotenoids was the HOMO-LUMO energy gap（EHL） and the molecular descriptor related to the GJC was the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy（ELUMO）.The two models of antioxidant activity both showed good predictive power,but the predictive power of the neural network QSAR model of antioxidant activity was *** addition,the two GJC models have similar,moderate predictive *** possible mechanisms of antioxidant activity and GJC of carotenoids were discussed.

关键词： carotenoids antioxidant activity gap junctional communication multilayer perceptron neural network quantitative structure-activity relationship

Molecular mechanism of lycopene cyclases regulating carotenoids ratio in different branches during tea leaf and flower development

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2023年第6期9卷 1177-1192页

作者： Anqi Peng Xiaoyan Tang Yingying Feng Yun Huang Jilai Cui Kai Tian Mengqian Lu Yifan Zhao Yuting Pan Sanjin Wang Yutong Hu Wei Zhao Chuankui Song Qiang Wang State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization and International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects Anhui Agricultural UniversityAnhuiHefei 230036China Hefei Ecological Environment Monitoring Center AnhuiHefei 230036China College of Life Science Xinyang Normal UniversityXinyangHenan 464000China Henan Field Observation and Research Station of Headwork Wetland Ecosystem of the Central Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project School of Life Sciences and Agricultural EngineeringNanyang Normal UniversityNanyangHenan 473061China

carotenoids are essential components in tea quality, contributing to leaf color and aroma. However, little information about carotenoids in different tea cultivars and their biosynthesis regulation mechanism during leaf development is known. Here we analyzed carotenoids by HPLC in the buds and leaves of 113 tea cultivars harvested on the same day. By profile clustering, carotenoids were divided into five groups. Same group cultivars displayed divergence in the total content of carotenoids but a similar molar ratio. To figure out the molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon, we further characterized all functional lycopene cyclases, which are the branch point of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. Two β-lycopene cyclases(CsLCYB1 and CsLCYB2) and one ε-lycopene cyclase(CsLCYE1) were cloned. Subcellular localization analysis showed that all cloned CsLCYs were localized in plastids. Enzyme activity assays in E. coli indicated both CsLCYBs catalyzed lycopene into β-carotene, and CsLCYE1 produced δ-carotene and ε-carotene. We found CsLCYB1 and CsLCYE1 predominantly expressed in leaf, while CsLCYB2was mainly expressed during flowering stages. Suppression by antisense oligonucleotides reduced CsLCYB1 and CsLCYE1 transcripts and led to reduction of both β,β-branch and β,ε-branch carotenoids in leaf. The expression levels of CsLCYB1 showed a significant positive correlation withβ,β-branch carotenoids in leaf. Our study provides carotenoid profiles of different tea cultivars, which can assist tea producers in selecting cultivars of interest. Meanwhile, we proposed the molecular mechanism of carotenoids reflecting the tenderness of tea plant leaf from a metabolic flux perspective, and suggested lycopene cyclase that could be applied to the breeding of tea varieties with different branch carotenoids.

关键词： Camellia sinensis carotenoids Lycopene cyclase Metabolicﬂux Leaf development Flower

Quantitative Structure-activity Relationship Study on the Antioxidant Activity of carotenoids

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2009年第2期28卷 163-170页

作者：孙玉敬庞杰叶兴乾吕元李俊 College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310029 China College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou Fujian 350002 China

carotenoids are a family of effective active oxygen scavengers, which can reduce the danger of occurrence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cataract, cancer, and so on. The quantitative structure-activity relationship （QSAR） equation between carotenoids and antioxidant activity was established by quantum chemistry AM1, molecular mechanism （MM＋） and stepwise regression analysis methods, and the model was evaluated by leave-one-out approach. The results showed that the significant molecular descriptors related to the antioxidant activity of carotenoids were the energy difference （E_HL） between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital （LUMO） and the highest occupied molecular orbital （HOMO） and ionization energy （Eiso）. The model showed a good predictive ability （Q^2 〉 0.5）.

关键词： quantitative structure-activity relationship antioxidant activity carotenoids

Formation mechanism of isoprene compounds degraded from carotenoids during fermentation of goji wine

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Food Quality and Safety 2021年第1期5卷 93-101页

作者： Jiayu Geng Lu Zhao Huiling Zhang College of Agriculture Ningxia Key Laboratory for Food Microbial-Applications Technology and Safety ControlNingxia UniversityYinchuanChina

Fermented goji wine as a functional wine is made from yeast *** our knowledge,fermented goji wine still has a problem with insufficient characteristic *** has shown that some isoprene compounds with characteristic aromas may improve the aroma of goji ***,the present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of isoprene compound production by carotenoid degradation during the fermentation of goji *** was found that C1-C6,C5-C6,C6-C7,C7-C8,C8-C9 and C9-C10 were the most easily degraded sites in carotenoids under seven different pretreatment conditions(mechanical treatment,pectinase treatment,adjustment of pH,autoclave treatment,SO_(2) treatment,oxidation treatment and light treatment).Meanwhile,breaking different sites,different aroma contributions such as woody,rose,fruity and grassy aromas were ***-factor simulation experiments of goji wine during the fermentation showed that the metabolites in the fermentation process caused the degradation of carotenoids and most were volatile aroma *** results may help improve the brewing process to enhance the aroma of goji wine.

关键词： goji wine carotenoids isoprene compounds degradation aroma

Key Parameters Analysis and Regulation of Singlet Oxygen Quenching Rate of carotenoids

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2020年第7期39卷 1226-1234页

作者： ZHAO Kai JIANG Wei MENG Chong Education Academy Beijing Sport UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Environment Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

28 kinds of carotenoids are studied to reveal the key parameters and regulation on the singlet oxygen quenching ***,the quantum chemistry parameters of carotenoids calculated by Gaussian software combined with substitution parameters were used to construct the quantitative structure-activity relationship model(QSAR)of the singlet oxygen quenching rate of *** key parameters affecting the antioxidant activity of carotenoids are revealed,and the data predicted via the QSAR model were provided for subsequent ***,a three-dimensional(3D)pharmacophore model was used to regulate and modify the antioxidant activity of *** correlation coefficients of the modeling group(R2)and verification group(Rpre2)of the established QSAR model were 0.945 and 0.916,respectively,which can be used for the analysis of antioxidant activity of carotenoids;the antioxidant activity of carotenoids can be significantly regulated by the number of conjugated C=C bonds,the energy difference between frontier molecular orbitals and the partial Mulliken charge in C1 and theπ···π*excitation energy E(s);the antioxidant activity of carotenoids can be effectively regulated by the hydrogen bond acceptor pharmacophores on both sides of the conjugated C=C bonds and the hydrophobic groups on the conjugated C=C bond;the hydrophobic substituents attached to conjugated C=C bonds can effectively improve the singlet oxygen quenching rate of carotenoids.

关键词： carotenoids singlet oxygen quenching quantitative structure-activity relationship model 3D pharmacophore model parameters analysis

Genetic dissection of carotenoids in maize kernels using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism markers in a recombinant inbred line population

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The Crop Journal 2017年第1期5卷 63-72页

作者： Orawan Jittham Xiuyi Fu Jing Xu Subhash Chander Jiansheng Li Xiaohong Yang National Maize Improvement Center of China/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/China Agricultural University Beijing 100193China

carotenoids are antioxidants and vitamin A precursors that have important roles in human health. Hence, improving the carotenoid contents in maize kernels is a priority objective for breeders in order to obtain nutritional biofortification outcomes. In the current study, the genetic architecture of carotenoids in maize kernels was explored using a recombinant inbred line(RIL) population derived from a cross between inbred lines By804 and B73. A total of 81 QTLs were detected by using a high-density bin map and a simple sequence repeat(SSR)-based linkage map, with one to seven QTLs for each trait explaining 4.21%–47.53% of the phenotypic variation. A comparison of the QTL mapping efficiency between the two linkage maps revealed that the high-density bin map had higher resolution. In the current study 46 additional QTLs were identified, with 16 being common with previous studies and14 newly identified. Among the results, 29.6%(24/81) of QTLs explained > 10% of the phenotypic variation in the RIL population, and 70.4%(57/81) explained ≤ 10%. These results suggest that a few large-effect QTLs, together with a variable number of minor-effect QTLs,contributed to most of the genetic components of carotenoids in maize kernels.

关键词： carotenoids QTL mapping SNP SSR Zea mays

Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses reveal the molecular mechanisms of red-light on carotenoids biosynthesis in tomato fruit

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Food Quality and Safety 2022年第1期6卷 56-67页

作者： Jun Tang Yan Li Zhongliang Liu Min Wei Qinghua Shi Fengjuan Yang College of Horticultural Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricuitural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai RegionMinistry of AgricultureTaianChina Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit&Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production Tai'anChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anChina Taian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Tai'anChina

carotenoids are the main pigments responsible for the coloration and account for the major antioxidant activity of tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.)*** increments in total carotenoids and lycopene levels were observed in tomato fruit illuminated by red light relative to white light in previous studies,but the mechanism of carotenoid biosynthesis regulated by red light is stll *** the present study,the influence of red light on carotenoid biosynthesis in postharvest tomato fruit was conducted using targeted metabolomics and transcriptomic methods.A total of 25 differentially accumulated carotenoids and 1939 differentially expressed genes were isolated and *** results illustrated that the contents of phytoene and lycopene were considerably higher in fruit treated with red light than those with white light at 12 *** differentially expressed genes are mainly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction,photosynthesis,secondary metabolite biosynthesis,and plant circadian ***,from the results of coexpression network analysis,15 transcription factors from red light-treated fruit were screened;among these,transcription factors of SIERF4,SlbHLH93 and SllAA29,which are involved in signal transduction of light and hormones,respectively,may also play important roles in carotenoid biosynthesis regulated by red light in tomato *** is concluded that red light enhanced carotenoid biosynthesis in postharvest tomato fruit and the mechanisms of enhanced carotenoid biosynthesis were not only associated with the direct regulation by red light signalling,but also with the indirect regulation by hormonal signalling.

关键词： Red light tomato carotenoids targeted metabolomics coexpression analysis

Genetics of carotenoids for provitamin A biofortification in tropical-adapted maize

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The Crop Journal 2016年第4期4卷 313-322页

作者： Alhassan D.Halilu Shehu G.Ado Daniel A.Aba Inuwa S.Usman Department of Plant Science Institute for Agricultural Research Ahmadu Bello University

Yellow maize contains high levels of β-carotene(βC), making it an important crop for combating vitamin A deficiency through biofortification. In this study, nine maize inbred lines were selected at random from 31 provitamin A(PVA) maize inbred lines and crossed in a partial diallel mating design to develop 36 crosses. The crosses were evaluated in the field in two locations(Samaru and Kerawa) and their seed carotenoid content were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The modes of gene action, heritability, and correlations between agronomic traits and carotenoid content were estimated. Additive genetic variances(σ~2a) were lower than non-additive genetic variances(σ~2d) for all the carotenoids, plant height(PH), and grain yield(GY), suggesting a preponderance of non-additive gene action. Broad-sense heritability(H^2) was high(H^2> 60%) for zeaxanthin,days to anthesis, and PH, moderate(30% carotenoids. Hybrid variety development is thus an appropriate approach to improving grain yield and PVA. GY showed no significant genotypic correlations with carotenoid content, suggesting that these traits can be improved concurrently. Thus, there is ample scope for improvement of PVA and GY in the sample of tropical-adapted maize.

关键词： Biofortification Tropical-adapted maize Provitamin A carotenoids Gene actions Correlations