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Selection of Parents for Breeding Edible Varieties of Sweetpotato with High carotene Content

Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第10期8卷 1166-1173页

作者： MA Dai-fu LI Qiang LI Xiu-ying LI Hong-min TANG Zhong-hou HU Ling CAO Qing-he XIE Yi-ping WANGXin Sweetpotato Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences~National Sweetpotato Improvement Center Xuzhou 221121P.R. China

Sweetpotato varieties with high carotene content have high value for human health. This work aims to improve the breeding efficiency of special varieties with high carotene content by combining molecular markers and agronomic traits to evaluate and screen the parents. The cluster analysis was carried out to identify and screen promising parents by utilizing phenotypic results of the agronomic and characteristic traits, and RAPD and ISSR markers of 15 parents and their offspring by group crossing. Among different parental materials, greater variations were observed in two important traits, the carotene content and the storage root yield. Negative correlation was found between the carotene content and both fresh and dried root yields. The most significant positive correlation was between the carotene content of parents and that of their offspring, with the coefficient of correlation value of 0.7932＊＊. The relationship based on the agronomic characters of the trial materials was not in agreement with the known genealogy, while that based on the molecular marker data showed better result. Each primer amplified 13.8 bands oflSSR markers on average, in which the rate of polymorphic loci was 89.6%. 9.4 bands of RAPD markers were arnplified per primer, in which the rate of polymorphic bands was 74.46%. Large genetic variation of carotene content was found among the parents. For analyzing the genetic diversity of sweetpotato, the molecular marker methods were better than morphological traits; ISSR markers were more efficient than RAPD markers. The combination of molecular markers and agronomic trait analysis may provide valuable theoretic basis for selection of parents to breed new varieties with high carotene content.

关键词： sweetpotato carotene selection of parents RAPD ISSR cluster analysis

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Genotype x Environment Interaction of carotene Content of Yellow-Fleshed Cassava Genotypes in Nigeria

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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第6期6卷 595-601页

作者： Norbert G. Maroya Peter Kulakow Alfred G.O. Dixon Busie Maziya-Dixon Moshood A. Bakare International Institute of Tropical Agriculture PMB5320 Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute PMB1313 Freetown Sierra Leone

Cassava is an important starchy root crop and a major staple for more than 70 million people in Nigeria. New yellow-fleshed genotypes are being developed to combat vitamin A deficiency. Trials of 18 yellow-fleshed genotypes and two officially released white-fleshed clones, used as checks for 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons in five major cassava growing agroecological zones of Nigeria. The trial locations were Ikenne （humid forest）, Ibadan （forest-savanna transition）, Ubiaja （subhumid forest）, Mokwa （southern Guinea savanna） and Zaria （northern Guinea savanna）. At each location, the trial was established in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The objective of the study was to assess genotype performance and genotype ~ environment interaction for total carotene concentration （TCC）, total carotene content per root （TC-R）, and total carotene content per plant （TC-P）. Significant differences （P 〈 0.001） among genotypes, environments and genotype x environment interaction for all the traits evaluated were observed. For TCC, TC-R and TC-P, the best genotypes across the 10 environments were TMS I051601, TMS 1050311, and TMS 1050998. Variation among genotypes accounted for most of the Total Sum of Squares for TCC （67.9%）, TC-R （39.0%） and TC-P （35.9%）. These characteristics of total carotene were also highly correlated. This study revealed that cassava with total carotene concentration can be assessed using either the TCC, or the TC-R, or the TC-P.

关键词： Yellow-fleshed cassava carotene genotype x environment interaction.

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Interaction of genotype and environment effects on important traits of cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz)

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The Crop Journal 2017年第5期5卷 373-386页

作者： Athanase Nduwumuremyi Rob Melis Paul Shanahan Asiimwe Theodore University of KwaZulu-Natal African Center for Crop Improvement (ACCI) Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB)

General and specific environmental adaptation of genotypes is the main goal of ***, genotype-by-environment(G x E) interaction complicates the identification of genotypes for release. This study aimed at analyzing the effects of G x E interaction on the expression of important cassava traits using two multivariate analyses: additive main effects and multiplicative interaction(AMMI) and genotype stability index(GSI). Total carotene content(TCC), postharvest physiological deterioration(PPD), and reaction to viral diseases were significantly affected by G x E interaction effects. The low percent(%)variation due to genotype for cassava brown streak disease(GBSD) explained the influence of environment on CBSD expression. The % variation due to genotype for TCC was higher(96%) than variation due to environment(1.7%) and G x E interaction(2.4%) indicating a low interaction effect of environment on TCC accumulation. The % variation due to genotype was higher than % variation due to environment for all traits but CBSD root necrosis and CBSD on stems, indicating the influence of environment on the severity of the viral diseases. These findings indicate that screening for disease resistance requires multi-environment trials, whereas a single-environment trial suffices to screen for total carotene content.

关键词： Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction Genotype adaptation Genotype stability index Physiological postharvest deterioration Total carotene content

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EFFECT OF NH4-NON THE PIGMENT CONTENT OF LAMINARIA JAPONICA

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1990年第2期8卷 128-134页

作者：董良峰林光恒吴超元 Institute of Oceanology Acadenua Sinica Qingdao

Experiments with Lamnaria japonica were conducted in Meidao Bay and Pier Bay,Qingdao,China,Nitrogen-starved plants were fertilized intermittently with 7.1 mM NH4-N solution for 1 hour at 3 day intervals, after which chlorophyll a, fucoxanthin, chlorophyll c and B-carotene contents were analyzed. Photosynthetic and growth rates of plants and nitrogen content of seawater were determined. Photosynthetic and growth rates of the nitrogen-enriched plants were higher than those of the controls, and their contents of chlorophyll a, fucoxanthin, chlorophyll c and B-carotene were 1.65,0.67,0.33 and 0.06 mg . dm-2 respectively, or 2.46,2.03,1.86 and 1.81 times those of the controls. The ratio of fiicoxanthin to chlorophyll a in nitrogen-enriched plants was lower than that of the controls. Normal growth rate of the plants (2 ***-1 in length)were reached when the chlorophyll a content exceeded 0.1 mg.g-1 fresh wt., indicating that chlorophyll a content can serve as an indicator of normal ***

关键词： chlorophyll enriched length carotene brown Qingdao fertilizer Laminaria fresh seawater

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Comparison of Antioxidant Activity and Antioxidant Components in Lettuce, Onion and Tomato Obtained with Different Levels and Forms of Nitrogen Fertilization

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第7期4卷 597-604页

作者： Ragab Abdelmohsen E1-Mergawi Khalid Naser Al-Redhaiman Hussein F. Abouziena Department of Plant Production and Protection College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Qassim University Buraidah51452 Al-Qassim Saudi Arabia Department of Botany Agricultural & Biological Research Division National Research Center Cairo 12622 Egypt

The effect of N levels and sources on the antioxidant components in vegetable is not completely understood. Therefore, greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the changes in antioxidant capacity diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） and ferric reducing antioxidant power （FRAP）, total phenolics, ascorbic acid, total carotene and lycopene contents in edible portions of lettuce, onion and tomato due to different nitrogen levels and sources. The experiment included three N levels （20, 40 and 60 kg/ha for lettuce trial and 60, 120 and 180 kg/ha for either onion or tomato） and four nitrogen sources （calcium nitrate, ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and urea）. The antioxidant capacity and phenolic contents in lettuce was enhanced under low nitrogen level, while the antioxidant capacities, phenolics, carotenoids and lycopene in tomato fruits were not significantly affected by the nitrogen dose applied. Application of calcium nitrate caused 50% increase in DPPH and 20% in FRAP of lettuce compared to other nitrogen forms. Tomato treated with calcium nitrate or ammonium sulphate had higher phenolic and ascorbic acid contents than treated plants with ammonium nitrate or urea. Antioxidant tested parameters of onion were not significantly affected by the nitrogen treatments. Nitrogen concentration in tomato fruits significantly correlated with FRAP antioxidant capacity, phenolics, ascorbic acid, carotene and lycopene contents.

关键词： Ammonium nitrate ammonium sulphate ascorbic acid calcium nitrate carotene phenolics urea.

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Post-Infectional Biochemical Changes in <i>Cymbopogon martinii</i>(Roxb.) Wats and <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i>(DC) Stapf. Due to Leaf Rust Disease

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第8期4卷 1666-1668页

作者： Phatik Tamuli Mamoni Saikia Paran Boruah Department of Botany D. K. D. College Dergaon India Department of Botany Darrang College Tezpur India Division of Medicinal Aromatic and Economic Plants North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat India.

Post-infectional changes in sugars, ascorbic acid, protein, phenols, chlorophyll and carotene of two Cymbopogons viz., Cymbopogon martinii and Cymbopogon citratus due to leaf rust caused by Puccinia nakanishikii (Diet... 详细信息

关键词： Ascorbic Acid Biochemical Changes carotene Chlorophyll Cymbopogon Martini Cymbopogon Citrates Phenols Protein Sugars

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RESEARCH HOT FRONTS FOR NATURAL PRODUCT

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天然产物研究与开发 2004年第3期16卷 224-224页

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Carrot Juice

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China's Foreign Trade 1994年第11期 84-84页

The bottled carrot juice produced by the Kuming Hongda Foodstuffs Corporation is a quality natural drink that uses the best quality, carotene-rich carrots as the main ingredient and advanced high temperature and insta... 详细信息

关键词： juice ingredient preserved nutrition taste carotene Carrot Juice drink colour flavor

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