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Highly Sensitive Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy of CO2 Around 1.57μm

Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第1期22卷 57-60页

作者：邵杰高晓明张为俊袁怿谦杨颙裴世鑫 LaboratoryofAtmosphericOpticsofAnhuiInstituteofOpticsandFineMechanics ChineseAcademyofSciencesHefei230031 EnvironmentalSpectroscopyLaboratoryofAnhuiInstituteofOpticsandFineMechanics ChineseAcademyofSciencesHefei230031

The absolute absorption spectrum intensities of carbon dioxide samples hasbeen recorded with a tunable diode laser spectrometer in the spectral range 6350-6364 cm(-1), whichis suitable for the in-situ sensing of carbon dioxide in the lower stratosphere studied using acommercial telecommunication-type diode laser. It was round that the typical uncertainty ofexperimental line intensities is about 1% compared with the values listed in the HTTRAN database,which are calculated by direct numerical diagonalization. 'The intensity of the weakest line wedetected in this experiment is 1.116 x 10(-26) cm(-1)/(molecule-cm(-2)) at the pressure of 0.5 Torr,and the corresponding absorption is 3.2 x 10(-6) with SNR of 4.53.

关键词： ABSOLUTE INTENSITIES carbon-dioxide MU-M BANDS ATMOSPHERE

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Industrial Feasiblity of Direct Methane Conversion to Hydrocarbons over Fe-Based Fischer Tropsch Catalyst

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2013年第5期1卷 41-46页

作者： Ademola M. Rabiu Isa M. Yusuf Department of Chemical Engineering Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cape Town 8001 South Africa.

Recently, as a direct consequence of the dwindling world oil reserves and the growing awareness of the environmental problems associated with the use of coal as energy source, there is growing interest in cheaper, abundant and cleaner burning methane. The Gas-to-Liquid technology offers perhaps the most attractive routes for the exploitation of the world huge and growing natural gas resources. Using this process the erstwhile stranded gas is converted to premium grade liquid fuels and chemicals that are easily transported. However, a widespread application of the GTL process is being hampered by economical and technical challenges. The high cost of synthesis gas, for instance, weighs heavily on the economics and competitiveness of the process limiting its wider application. This work presented a modified Gas-to-Liquid process that eliminates the costly synthesis gas production step. The proposed process utilized an alternative pathway for methane activation via the production of chloromethane derivatives which are then converted to hydrocarbons. It established that hydrocarbons mainly olefins can be economically produced from di- and tri-chloro- methanes over a typical iron-based Fischer Tropsch catalysts in a moving bed reactor at industrially relevant conditions. Some of the attractions of the proposed process include a) the elimination of the costly air separation plant requirement b) high process selectivity and c) significant reduction of carbon dioxide emissions thereby saving on feedstock loss and the costly CO2 removal and isolation processes.

关键词： Gas-to-Liquid Methane Chlorination Synthesis Gas Olefinic Hydrocarbons Iron-Based Catalyst Moving-Bed Reactor Deacon Process carbon-dioxide Emission

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Greenhouse Gas Emission from Inland Open Water Bodies and Their Estimation Process—An Emerging Issue in the Era of Climate Change

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 290-306页

作者： Thangjam Nirupada Chanu Subir Kumar Nag Satish Kumar Koushlesh Manoharmayum Shaya Devi Basanta Kumar Das ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI) Barrackpore India

The persistent rise in concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the earth’s atmosphere is responsible for global warming and climate change. Besides the known source of GHGs emissions like energy, industry, and agriculture, intrinsic emissions from natural inland water bodies like wetland, rivers, reservoirs, estuaries, etc. have also been identified as other hotspots of GHGs emission and gaining the attention of the scientific communities in recent times. Inland fisheries in India are threatened by climate changes such as a change in temperature, precipitation, droughts, storm, sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion, floods that affect mostly the production, productivity and ultimately affect the fishers’ livelihood. There are, however, different mitigation and adaptation strategies to cope with the effects of climate change. carbon sequestration and other related management interventions are one of the options available minimizing GHGs emissions from inland open waters, particularly the wetlands and coastal mangroves which are well known worldwide for their significant role in the storage of carbon. Assessment of C efflux from exposed sediments in dry streams, reservoirs, lakes, rivers, and ponds into the atmosphere can be considered imperative for a better understanding of their role as a C-sink or as a C-source to the atmosphere.

关键词： Greenhouse Gas Inland Open Water Global Warming Potential carbon-dioxide Methane Nitrous Oxide

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