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Planted forest is catching up with natural forest in China in terms of carbon density and carbon storage

Fundamental Research 2022年第5期2卷 688-696页

作者： Boyi Liang Jia Wang Zheyuan Zhang Jia Zhang Junping Zhang Elizabeth L.Cressey Zong Wang College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Precision Forestry Key Laboratory of Beijing Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Mapping and 3S Technology Center Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Geography College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX44RJUK

Over the last several decades,China has taken multiple measures for afforestation and natural forest protection,including setting the goal of carbon neutrality by the middle of 21th *** order to support the practice of relevant policies from the scientific perspective,it is essential to precisely estimate the carbon storage of arbor forest,as it plays an important role in the carbon cycle of *** this study,we first used the latest four phases of national forest inventory data to investigate the variation of carbon storage for both natural and planted arbor forest in China during the covered period(1999-2018).Then we used machine leaning methods to simulate the carbon density based on various kinds of environmental factors and analyzed the contribution of each influencing *** results demonstrate that the total carbon storage for arbor forest in China kept increasing over the last two decades,but this increment was mainly brought about by the continuous expansion of forest *** gap of carbon sequestration between natural forest and planted forest showed a significant trend of ***,tree age was identified as the dominant factor for influencing the spatiotemporal variation of carbon density among all the independent variables while the impact of climatic factor was ***,the future improvement of carbon sequestration of arbor forest in should mainly rely on additional projects of afforestation,reforestation,green space conservation and reduction of emissions in *** of this study have important implications for policy makers and other stakeholders to evaluate the previous achievement of environmental projects and can also help to set future plans and finally realize the goals of carbon neutrality.

关键词： National forestry inventory Forest stand volume carbon storage carbon density Machine learning

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Spatial Pattern of Forest carbon Storage and carbon density in the Kanas National Natural Reserve

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Journal of Landscape Research 2015年第6期7卷 38-41页

作者： LIU Hua BAI Zhiqiang FANG Yue ZHANG Fan HAN Yanliang School of Forest & Landscape Architecture Anhui Agricultural University Institute of Forest Ecology Xinjiang Forestry Academy

Based on the sub-forest management inventory, volume-derived biomass and mean biomass, carbon storage and its spatial distribution of forest vegetation in Kanas National Nature Reserve(hereinafter referred to as the Reserve) were calculated. The results showed that carbon storage of forest vegetation in the Reserve was 3.004 7 Tg C, mean carbon density was 49.58 Mg C/hm^2; carbon storage of different vegetation types: forest land >shrubbery > open forest > scattered trees, among which carbon storage of forest land accounted for 90.18% of the total carbon storage of the forest vegetation, and mean carbon density of forest land was 68.87 Mg C/hm^2; in terms of regional distribution, spatial distribution of carbon storage and carbon density declined from southwest to northeast; in the Reserve, carbon storage of mature and over-mature forest stands accounted for 79.89% of carbon storage of forest land. If scientifi c management is applied, carbon sequestration capacity of forest will be improved.

关键词： Forest vegetation carbon storage carbon density Kanas National Nature Reserve

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Implications of Anthropogenic Disturbances for Species Diversity, Recruitment and carbon density in the Mid-hills Forests of Nepal

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2021年第1期12卷 1-10页

作者： Hari Prasad PANDEY Ministry of Forests and Environment Kathmandu 44600Nepal

Almost three-fourths of forests are experiencing anthropogenic disturbances globally, and more than two-thirds of the forests in Nepal receive different types of disturbances. In community forests(CFs), local communities are dependent on the ecosystem services provided by the forests for various aspects of their livelihoods, which disturb the forests’ natural conditions and ecosystem functioning in a variety of ways. This study tested the major disturbance factors that had influential roles on plant species diversity, recruitment(seedlings and saplings), biomass, soil organic carbon(SOC) and total carbon density in two community-managed forests in the Mid-hills of Nepal. The stump number, cut-off seedlings and saplings, lopping, dropping, and grazing/trampling were used as measures of the major anthropogenic disturbances. The necessary data were collected from 89 randomly selected sample plots, each with an area of 250 m2. The responses to anthropogenic disturbances were analyzed using Generalized Linear Models(GLM). The results showed that forest lopping was the most significant anthropogenic disturbance for biomass and total carbon density balance. A higher degree of lopping in the forests resulted in a lowering of the forests’ carbon stock in the study area. SOC showed no significant response to any of the tested anthropogenic disturbances. Woody species richness and number of saplings increased with an increasing number of stumps, which signifies that intermediate disturbance was beneficial. However, a higher intensity of lopping reduced the sapling density. Grazing/trampling was the most significant disturbance for inhibiting seedling growth. Areas in the forests with a higher intensity of trampling showed lower numbers of seedlings and saplings. These results will be a guide for managing anthropogenic disturbances in multiple-use forests in Nepal, as well as those in similar socio-economic environments worldwide.

关键词： anthropogenic disturbance biomass carbon density community-managed forest seedlings and saplings woody plants’diversity

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Spatial-temporal patterns and evolution of carbon storage in China's terrestrial ecosystems from 1980 to 2020

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3270-3287页

作者： Shaojian WANG Shijie ZHOU Chuanglin FANG School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Analyzing the changes in carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems caused by land use changes is a crucial part of exploring the carbon cycle. In addition, enhancing carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems is an effective and environmentally friendly measure to sequester anthropogenic carbon emissions, which is significant for achieving carbon neutrality and curbing global climate change. This paper uses land use data and carbon density tables with the In VEST model to obtain a carbon storage distribution map of China. It further applies land use response elasticity coefficients, Theil index multi-stage nested decomposition, and spatial autocorrelation analysis to examine the spatial-temporal patterns, causes of changes, and evolution characteristics of carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems from 1980 to 2020. The results show that the temporal changes in China's carbon storage generally present an inverted S-curve, with an initial rapid decline followed by a slower decrease. Spatially, it features high levels in the northeast, low levels in the northwest, and a uniform distribution in the central and southern *** disturbance of land use type changes on terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage has been effectively mitigated. The significant reduction in grassland area in the Southwest region is the main source of carbon storage loss during the study period, and the encroachment of construction land on arable land in large urban agglomerations is one of the important causes of carbon storage loss. The Theil index multi-stage nested decomposition results indicate that the overall difference in carbon storage in China has decreased, while differences among cities within provinces and among counties within cities have increased. The influence of natural factors on the distribution of carbon storage is weakening, whereas the impact of human activities is becoming more profound, enhancing its influence on the spatial distribution of carbon storage in China. From 198

关键词： Terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage carbon density Land use change InVEST model Spatiotemporal pattern

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Forest biomass carbon storage from multiple inventories over the past 30 years in Gansu Province, China: implications from the age structure of major forest types

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第4期26卷 887-896页

作者： Jinhong Guan Huanshui Zhou Lei Deng Jianguo Zhang Sheng Du State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationChinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Northwest Institute of Forest Inventory Planning and DesignState Forestry Administration College of Forestry Northwest A&F University Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F University

We used the forest inventory data of Gansu Province, China to quantify carbon storage and carbon density changes by regional forest cover and by typical forest types in 1979-2006. Total forest area increased from 1.77 x 106 ha in 1979 to 2.32 x 106 ha in 2006, and the forest carbon storage, estimated by the continuous biomass expansion factor method, increased from 83.14 to 100.66 Tg, equivalent to a carbon accumulation rate of 0.0071 Tg per year during the period. Mean carbon densities were 44.83-48.50 t ha-1 and the values decreased slightly over the time period. Natural forests generated greater car- bon storage and density than did plantations. By regression analysis, forest stand age was an important parameter incarbon density studies. We developed various regression equations between carbon density and stand age for major types of natural forests and plantations in the region. Our results can be used for proper selection of re-forestation species and efficient management of young and middle-aged forests, offering great potential for future carbon sequestra- tion, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.

关键词： Age class carbon density Forest carbonstorage Forest inventory data Gansu Province Reforestation

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carbon sequestration of plantation in Beijing-Tianjin sand source areas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第10期15卷 2148-2158页

作者： LIU Xiu-ping ZHANG Wan-jun CAO Jian-sheng YANG Bai CAI Yan-jiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Hebei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolvement and Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Control Project(BTSSCP), a national ecological restoration project, was launched to construct an ecological protection system in the Beijing-Tianjin sand source areas to reduce dust hazards. The carbon sequestration dynamics can be used to assess the ecological effects of an ecological restoration project. Here, we conducted vegetation and soil study to assess the carbon sequestration in the plantations with 10 years old stands in Beijing-Tianjin sand source areas. The results at the site scales indicated that the average net increase of plantation ecosystem carbon stock was 33.8 Mg C ha^(-1), with an annual increase rate of 3.38 Mg C ha^(-1) yr^(-1). The average net increase of carbon varied among regions, vegetation types, and forest management activities. Soil bulk density in the top soil decreased slightly after 10-year implementation of the project. Coniferous forests and shrubs are suitable plant species for sand source *** restoration in the plantations is a practical and feasible and promising approach for enhancing ecosystem carbon sequestration potential.

关键词： Afforestation carbon sequestration carbon density Forest management Restoration Sand source control

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carbon storage of the forest and its spatial pattern in Tibet,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第7期18卷 1748-1761页

作者： JIA Long-yu WANG Gen-xu LUO Ji RAN Fei LI Wei ZHOU Jun YANG Dan-li SHI Wen-bo XU Qian ZHU Kun Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China College of Tourism and Urban-Rural Planning Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

The raising concentration of atmospheric CO_2 resulted in global *** forest ecosystem in Tibet played an irreplaceable role in maintaining global carbon balance and mitigating climate change for its abundant original forest resources with powerful action of carbon *** the present study,the samples of soil and vegetation were collected at a total of 137 sites from 2001 to 2018 in *** on the field survey of Tibet's forest resources and 8^(th) forest inventory data,we estimated the carbon storage and carbon density of forest vegetation(tree layer,shrub,grass,litter and dead wood) and soil(0-50 cm) in *** methods combined with Kriging spatial interpolation and Moran's I were applied to reveal their spatial distribution patterns and variation *** carbon density of forest vegetation and soil in Tibet were 74.57 t ha^(-1) and 96.24 t ha^(-1),*** carbon storage of forest vegetation and soil in Tibet were 344.35 Tg C and 440.53 Tg C,*** density of fir(Abies forest) was 144.80 t ha^(-1) with the highest value among all the forest *** storage of spruce(Picea forest) was the highest with 99.09 Tg C compared with other forest *** carbon density of fir forest and spruce forest both increased with the rising temperature and *** was the main influential *** spatial distribution of carbon density of forest vegetation,soil,and ecosystem in Tibet generally showed declining trends from western Tibet to eastern *** results facilitated the understanding of the carbon sequestration role of forest ecosystem in the *** also implied that as the carbon storage potential of Tibet's forests are expected to increase,these forests are likely to serve as huge carbon sinks in the current era of global warming and climate change.

关键词： carbon storage carbon density Spatial distribution Forest ecosystems Climate factors Tibet

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Effects of Afforestation on carbon Storage in Boyang Lake Basin,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2013年第6期23卷 647-654页

作者： WU Dan SHAO Quanqin LI Jia Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences

By using field survey data from the sixth forest inventory of Jiangxi Province in 2003,the biomass and carbon storage for three studied species(Pinus massoniana,Cunninghamia lanceolata,and Pinus elliottii)were estimated in Taihe and Xingguo counties of Boyang Lake Basin,Jiangxi Province,*** relationship between carbon density and forest age was analyzed by logistic ***-temporal dynamics of forest biomass and carbon storage in 1985–2003 were also *** results show that total stand area of the three forest species was 3.10×105ha,total biomass 22.20 Tg,vegetation carbon storage 13.07 Tg C,and average carbon density 42.36 Mg C/ha in the study area in *** storage by forest type in descending order was:***,*** and *** storage by forest age group in descending order was:middle stand,young stand,near-mature stand and mature *** storage by plantation forests was 1.89 times higher than that by natural *** density of the three species increased 8.58 Mg C/ha during the study *** carbon density of Taihe County was higher in the east and west,and lower in the *** carbon density of Xingguo County was higher in the northeast and lower in the *** general,the carbon density increased with altitude and *** projects contribute significantly to increasing stand area and carbon *** forest management may improve the carbon sequestration capacity of forest ecosystems.

关键词： carbon storage carbon density forest inventory data Biomass Expansion Factor Boyang Lake Basin

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Aboveground carbon sequestration of Cunninghamia lanceolata forests:Magnitude and drivers

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 32-41页

作者： Chen Wang Shuguang Liu Yu Zhu Andrew R.Smith Ying Ning Deming Deng National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry&Ecology in South China Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Conservation and Restoration in Dongting Lake Basin Ministry of Natural ResourcesChangsha 410007China College of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China School of Ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK College of Forestry Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Hunan Prospecting Designing&Research General Institute for Agriculture Forestry&IndustryChangsha 410007China

Understanding the spatial variation,temporal changes,and their underlying driving forces of carbon sequestration in various forests is of great importance for understanding the carbon cycle and carbon management *** carbon density and sequestration in various Cunninghamia lanceolata forests,extensively cultivated for timber production in subtropical China,vary with biodiversity,forest structure,environment,and cultural factors remain poorly explored,presenting a critical knowledge gap for realizing carbon sequestration supply potential through *** on a large-scale database of 449 permanent forest inventory plots,we quantified the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of aboveground carbon densities and carbon accumulation rates in Cunninghamia lanceolate forests in Hunan Province,China,and attributed the contributions of stand structure,environmental,and management factors to the heterogeneity using quantile age-sequence analysis,partial least squares path modeling(PLS-PM),and hot-spot *** results showed lower values of carbon density and sequestration on average,in comparison with other forests in the same climate zone(i.e.,subtropics),with pronounced spatial and temporal ***,quantile regression analysis using carbon accumulation rates along an age sequence showed large differences in carbon sequestration rates among underperformed and outperformed forests(0.50 and 1.80 Mg·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1)).PLS-PM demonstrated that maximum DBH and stand density were the main crucial drivers of aboveground carbon density from young to mature ***,species diversity and geotopographic factors were the significant factors causing the large discrepancy in aboveground carbon density change between low-and high-carbon-bearing *** analysis revealed the importance of culture attributes in shaping the geospatial patterns of carbon *** work highlighted that retaining largesized DBH trees and increasing shade-t

关键词： carbon density carbon accumulation rate Forest age Spatial variation Cultural influence

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carbon Sequestration Effects of Shrublands in Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Region, China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2014年第4期24卷 444-453页

作者： LIU Wenhui ZHU Jiaojun JIA Quanquan ZHENG Xiao LI Junsheng LOU Xuedong HU Lile State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation Department of Forest Sciences Beijing Forestry University

Three-North Shelterbelt Forest （TSF） program, is one of six key forestry programs and has a 73-year construction period, from 1978 to 2050. Quantitative analysis of the carbon sequestration of shrubs in this region is important for understanding the overall function of carbon sequestration of the forest and other terrestrial ecosystems in China. This study investigated the distribution area of shrubland in the TSF region based on remote sensing images in 1978 and 2008, and calculated the carbon density of shrubland in combination with the field investigation and previous data from published papers. The carbon sequestration quantity and rate from 1978 to 2008 was analyzed for four sub-regions and different types of shrubs in the TSF region. The results revealed that： 1） The area of shrubland in the study area and its four sub-regions increased during the past thirty years. The area of shrubland for the whole region in 2008 was 1.2 × 10^7 ha, 72.8% larger than that in 1978. The Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang Sub-region was the largest shrubland distribution area, while the highest coverage rate was found in the North China Sub-region. 2） In decreasing order of their carbon sequestration, the four types of shrubs considered in this study were Hippophae rhamnoides, Caragana spp., Haloxylon ammodendron and Vitex negundo vat. heterophylla. The carbon sequestration of/-/, rhamnoides, with a maximum mean carbon density of 16.5 Mg C/ha, was significantly higher than that of the other three species. 3） The total carbon sequestration of shrubland in the study region was 4.5 x 107 Mg C with a mean annual carbon sequestration of 1.5× 10^6 Mg C. The carbon density in the four sub-regions decreased in the following order： the Loess Plateau Sub-region, the North China Sub-region, the Northeast China Sub-region and the Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang Sub-region. The paucity of studies and data availability on the large-scale carbon sequestration of shrub species suggests this study provides a base

关键词： biomass biomass density carbon density carbon sequestration carbon sequestration rate carbon storage Three-NorthShelterbelt Forest (TSF)

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