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Effects of repeated applications of fungicide carbendazim on its persistence and microbial community in soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第2期21卷 179-185页

作者： YU Yunlong,CHU Xiaoqiang,PANG Guohui,XIANG Yueqin,FANG Hua Department of Plant Protection,College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029,China. Department of Plant Protection College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

carbendazim, a systemic benzimidazole fungicide, is applied repeatedly to control plant diseases including soilborne diseases, over a growing season. Studies were carried out under laboratory conditions to assess the effects of repeated carbendazim applications on its persistence and microbial community in soil. The results indicate that dissipation of carbendazim in soil was accelerated with its application frequency. The degradation rate constant of carbendazim was increased significantly from 0.074 d-1 to 0.79 d-1. The corresponding half-life was shorten markedly from 9.3 d to 0.9 d after four repeated applications. No significant inhibitory effect of carbendazim on soil microbial utilization of the carbon sources was observed after first treatment, but a slight increase in average well color development （AWCD） was shown after second, third, and fourth applications. It suggested that soil microorganisms become adapted to carbendazim after repeated application. Simpson and Shannon indexes of soil microbial community from carbendazim treated soil were also similar to those from the control soil, indicating that the richness and dominant character of soil microorganisms remain unchangeable after repeated application. However, after first, second, and third addition of carbendazim, McIntosh indexes on day 21 were significantly higher compared with the control, suggesting that balance of soil microorganisms was altered due to the enrichment of the specific carbendazim-adapting strains in soil

关键词： carbendazim degradation soil microorganism repeated application

carbendazim sensitivity in populations of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides complex infecting strawberry and yams in Hubei Province of China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第6期17卷 1391-1400页

作者： HAN Yong-chao ZENG Xiang-guo XlANG Fa-yun ZHANG Qing-hua GUO Cong CHEN Feng-ying GU Yu-chen Institute of Industrial Crops Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064P.R.China Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Diseases Insect Pests and Corp Weeds Control/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central ChinaWuhan 430064P.R.China

The ascomycete fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a devastating plant pathogen with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. carbendazim has been widely used to control anthracnose caused by the C. gloeosporioides complex in China for more than 30 years and resistance to carbendazim has been reported in China. A total of 125 Colletotrichum isolates of strawberry and yam were collected from different geographical regions in Hubei Province, China. Approximately 52.8％ of Colletotrichum spp. isolates showed resistance to carbendazim. The isolates tested in this study belong to four species, and the frequencies of resistant isolates differed across Colletotrichum species. Resistant isolates were found in C. siamense and C. fructicola. In contrast, all isolates of C. gloeosporioides and C. aenigma were sensitive to carbendazim. Highly carbendazim-resistant isolates harbored the E198A mutation in the β-tubulin 2 （TUB2） gene, whereas moderately carbendazim-resistant isolates harbored the F200Y mutation in the TUB2 gene. carbendazim-sensitive Colletotrichum isolates in this study were not genetically similar enough to form a separate cluster from resistant isolates. The result of this study emphasizes the importance of knowing which Colletotrichum sp. is present, when strategies for disease control are made.

关键词： carbendazim resistance frequency Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Colletotrichum species point mutations anthracnose

Effects of chlorothalonil and carbendazim on nitrification and denitrification in soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第4期21卷 458-467页

作者： LANG Man, CAI Zucong State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008, China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

The effects of chlorothalonil and carbendazim on nitrification and denitrification in six soils in upland and rice paddy environments were investigated. Laboratory aerobic （60% water holding capacity） and anaerobic （flooded） conditions were studied at 25℃ and fungicide addition rates of 5.5 mg/kg A. I. （field rate, FR）, 20 times （20FR） and 40 times （40FR） field rate, respectively. The results indicated that chlorothalonil at the field rate had a slight inhibitory effect on one soil only, and that soil did not nitrify much in the first place. But chlorothalonil at higher rates inhibited nitrification significantly in all soils. For soils JXP and JXU with a pH of less than 5.0, chlorothalonil almost completely stopped their nitrification at 20FR and 40FR during the whole 14 d incubation period. For soils HNP and HNU with a pH of greater than 8.0, chlorothalonil also significantly inhibit nitrification at 20FR and 40FR （p 〈 0.05）. However, NH4＋ that was added to the soil was also almost completely nitrified by the end of the incubation period in these two soils. The effects of chlorothalonil at 20FR and 40FR on the nitrification of JSP and JSU soils, with a pH of 5.4 and 7.2, respectively, were intermediate between the other soil types. Chlorothalonil had no effect on denitrification at the field rate and had little effect at the higher rates of application in some soils. carbendazim had essentially no effect on nitrification and denitrification in soils assessed.

关键词： fungicide nitrification denitrification chlorothalonil carbendazim

Transfer Behavior of carbendazim from Dried Yingshan Yunwu Tea Leaves into Tea Infusions

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2023年第5期12卷 26-29,45页

作者： Xinyu LIU Yuchao TIAN Haijian LIU Qingling ZHU Nan LUO Zhiling HU Chang LIU College of Biological and Agricultural Resources Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie MountainsHuanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China

Tea infusion is the main route of human exposure to pollutants in tea,and it is vital to investigate the transfer rate of pollutants from tea leaves to infusion.carbendazim is a commonly used systemic fungicide,the transfer behavior of which in Yingshan Yunwu tea is not clear.Hence,this study firstly established the analytical method for determination of carbendazim with great accuracy and precision via modified QuEChERS method and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection(UPLC-FLD).Then,the transfer behavior of carbendazim from tea leaves and infusion was systematically investigated.Results indicated that water temperature and proportion of tea to water ration would obviously increase the transfer rate of carbendazim,but times of infusion repetition showed negative correlation with the transfer rate of carbendazim.In addition,brewing time seemed to have lesser impact on the transfer rate.This study will be helpful for the risk assessment of carbendazim residue and provide the guidance for tea brewing.

关键词： carbendazim Yingshan Yunwu tea Tea fusions Transfer behavior

Identification of a novel hydrolase encoded by hy-1 from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens for bioremediation of carbendazim contaminated soil and food

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第2期12卷 218-224页

作者： Ying Li Miaomiao Chi Xizhen Ge Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomass Waste Resource Utilization Biochemical Engineering CollegeBeijing Union UniversityBeijing 100023China

carbendazim(MBC)is an effective antifungal and antibacterial pesticide in agricultural applications.However,the MBC-contaminated soil and food are difficult to be restored.In this work,a novel MBC-hydrolase HY-1 encoded by gene hy-1 from an isolated MBC-degrading bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has been screened and identified.The 858 bp hydrolase gene was expressed in E.coli BL21 and the 32 kDa hydrolase HY-1 was purified.The purified HY-1 was able to catalyze MBC into 2-aminobenzimidazole(2-AB)without the need for any cofactors.Then bioremediation experiment was conducted and both the strain Car4 and cell crude extract of E.coli(pET-hy1)accelerated MBC degradation in soil.Moreover,purified HY-1 was available in removing MBC residue on the surface of cucumber.This work explored the possibility of microbial and enzymatic bioremediation on MBC-contaminated soil and food,provide a new way for bioremediation of pesticide contaminations.

关键词： carbendazim bioremediation antifungal and antibacterial pesticide hydrolase soil food pesticide contamination

Method of transforming resistance gene to carbendazim into Trichoderma sp.

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第1期44卷 65-68页

作者： YANG Qian ZHAO XiaoyanCollege of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China Harbin Veterinary Institute, Harbin 150040, China College of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Harbin China Harbin Veterinary Institute Harbin China

The method of transforming resistance gene to carbendazim into Trichoderma sp. was studied by using genetic engineering technique. The results show that the time of fungicide selection on the transformed Trichoderma sp. may have very important effect on the resistance gene transformation. By this method, the resistance gene to carbendazim was transformed into Trichoderma harzianum, a strain of T. harzianum with resistance to carbendazim was achieved. The transformant could grow on the medium containing 150μg/mL carbendazim. The resistance is stable after 10 times transfer on non-selective medium.

关键词： gene of resistance to carbendazim gene transformation Trichoderma sp.

Effects of Househould Cleaning Methods on carbendazim Residue in Apples

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2023年第6期12卷 62-65页

作者： Zhiling HU Yuchao TIAN Qingling ZHU Haijian LIU Nan LUO Fan WANG Ziyi ZHANG Furong LIU Chang LIU Mengrong CHENG College of Biological and Agricultural Resources Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie MountainsHuanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China

carbendazim,belonging to fungicides,was commonly used for controlling crop diseases,resulting in frequent residues in fruits and vegetables.Washing was the initial step of household fruit processing for cleaning and reducing pollutant contents.However,the effect of washing on the removal of carbendazim in apples was not systemically studied.Thus,in this study,an analytical method was firstly established for the determination of carbendazim with great accuracy and precision through quick,simple,cheap,effective and safe(QuEChERS)method and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection(UPLC-FLD).Then,the influencing factors were systematically researched to unveil their effects on the carbendazim residue in apples.The results indicated that water temperature,washing products and washing method could obviously affect the carbendazim content in apples.In addition,the best cleaning scheme for removal of carbendazim was soaking apples for 5 min in a cleaning solution,which was prepared by dissolving 8 g of commercial fruit washing soup with 500 ml of water at 45℃.Under this condition,the removal rate of carbendazim in the washing step reached 73.91%.This study will be helpful for providing guidance for household cleaning methods for controlling pesticide residues.

关键词： carbendazim Househould cleaning method Pesticide residue Pesticide removal

RESISTANCE OF SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM TO carbendazim Ⅰ. Resistance and Its Development of Sclerotina Sclerotiorum to carbendazim

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Journal of Northeast Forestry University 1994年第3期5卷 37-41页

作者：杨谦

This paper covers the examination of EC50 of carbendazim to diferent isolates of S. sclerotiorum, the observation of the resistance development in a population of the pathogen,for working out whether carbendazim plays... 详细信息

关键词： resistance carbendazim Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

RESISTANCE OF SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM TO carbendazim

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Journal of Northeast Forestry University 1994年第4期5卷 41-44页

作者：杨谦

This study covers the observation of the factors which influence the resistance development of S. sclerotiorum to carbendazim, the comparison betweeen normal course of infection and infection of hosts by a strain of S... 详细信息

关键词： Resistance carbendazim Sclerotinia scleroliorum Virulence