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Interfacial/bulk synergetic effects accelerating charge transferring for advanced lithium-ion capacitors

Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 168-175页

作者： Chang Liu Zirui Song Xinglan Deng Shihong Xu Renji Zheng Wentao Deng Hongshuai Hou Guoqiang Zou Xiaobo Ji School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of EngineeringXiangtan 411104China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-Containing Mineral Resources School of Minerals Processing and BioengineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China

The exploration of advanced materials through rational structure/phase design is the key to develop highperformance lithium-ion capacitors(LICs).However,high complexity of material preparation and difficulty in quantity production largely hinder the further development.Herein,Cu_(5)FeS_(4-x)/C(CFS@C)heterojunction with rich sulfur vacancies has successfully achieved from natural bornite,presenting low costeffective and bulk-production prospect.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that rich vacancies in bulk phase can decrease band gap of bornite and thus improve its intrinsic electron conductivity,as well as the heterojunction spontaneously evokes a built-in electric field between its interfacial region,largely reducing the migration barrier from 1.27 e V to 0.75 e V.Benefited from these merits,the CFS@C electrodes deliver outperformed lithium storage performance,e.g.,high reversible capacity(822.4m Ah/g at 0.1 A/g),excellent cycling stability(up to 820 cycles at 2 A/g and 540 cycles at 5 A/g with respective capacity retention of over or nearly 100%).With CFS@C as anode and porous carbon nanosheets(PCS)as cathode,the assembled CFS@C//PCS LIC full cells exhibit high energy/power density characteristics of 139.2 Wh/kg at 2500 W/kg.This work is expected to offer significant insights into structure modifications/devising toward natural minerals for advanced energy-storage systems.

关键词： Bulk/interfacial modification Heterostructure Sulfur vacancies Lithium ion capacitors capacitors

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Moderate Fields, Maximum Potential: Achieving High Records with Temperature‑Stable Energy Storage in Lead‑Free BNT‑Based Ceramics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 184-200页

作者： Wenjing Shi Leiyang Zhang Ruiyi Jing Yunyao Huang Fukang Chen Vladimir Shur Xiaoyong Wei Gang Liu Hongliang Du Li Jin Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of EducationSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China School of Materials and Energy Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715People’s Republic of China School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal UniversityEkaterinburg 620000Russia Multifunctional Electronic Ceramics Laboratory College of EngineeringXi’an International UniversityXi’an 710077People’s Republic of China

The increasing awareness of environmental concerns has prompted a surge in the exploration of leadfree,high-power ceramic capacitors.Ongoing efforts to develop leadfree dielectric ceramics with exceptional energystorage performance(ESP)have predominantly relied on multicomponent composite strategies,often accomplished under ultrahigh electric fields.However,this approach poses challenges in insulation and system downsizing due to the necessary working voltage under such conditions.Despite extensive study,bulk ceramics of(Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))TiO_(3)(BNT),a prominent lead-free dielectric ceramic family,have seldom achieved a recoverable energy-storage(ES)density(Wrec)exceeding 7 J cm^(−3).This study introduces a novel approach to attain ceramic capacitors with high ESP under moderate electric fields by regulating permittivity based on a linear dielectric model,enhancing insulation quality,and engineering domain structures through chemical formula optimization.The incorporation of SrTiO_(3)(ST)into the BNT matrix is revealed to reduce the dielectric constant,while the addition of Bi(Mg_(2/3)Nb_(1/3))O_(3)(BMN)aids in maintaining polarization.Additionally,the study elucidates the methodology to achieve high ESP at moderate electric fields ranging from 300 to 500 kV cm^(−1).In our optimized composition,0.5(Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.4)K_(0.1))TiO_(3)–0.5(2/3ST-1/3BMN)(B-0.5SB)ceramics,we achieved a Wrec of 7.19 J cm^(−3) with an efficiency of 93.8%at 460 kV cm^(−1).Impressively,the B-0.5SB ceramics exhibit remarkable thermal stability between 30 and 140℃ under 365 kV cm^(−1),maintaining a Wrec exceeding 5 J cm^(−3).This study not only establishes the B-0.5SB ceramics as promising candidates for ES materials but also demonstrates the feasibility of optimizing ESP by modifying the dielectric constant under specific electric field conditions.Simultaneously,it provides valuable insights for the future design of ceramic capacitors with high ESP under constraints of limited electric field.

关键词： BNT Energy storage Lead-free Relaxor ferroelectrics capacitors

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Coordinated Capacitor Voltage Balancing Method for Cascaded H-bridge Inverter with Supercapacitor and DC-DC Stage

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2024年第2期8卷 191-201页

作者： Ye Zhang Zixin Li Fanqiang Gao Cong Zhao Yaohua Li Key Laboratory of High Density Electromagnetic Power and Systems (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Haidian District University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan District

Cascaded H-bridge inverter(CHBI) with supercapacitors(SCs) and dc-dc stage shows significant promise for medium to high voltage energy storage applications. This paper investigates the voltage balance of capacitors within the CHBI, including both the dc-link capacitors and SCs. Balance control over the dc-link capacitor voltages is realized by the dcdc stage in each submodule(SM), while a hybrid modulation strategy(HMS) is implemented in the H-bridge to balance the SC voltages among the SMs. Meanwhile, the dc-link voltage fluctuations are analyzed under the HMS. A virtual voltage variable is introduced to coordinate the balancing of dc-link capacitor voltages and SC voltages. Compared to the balancing method that solely considers the SC voltages, the presented method reduces the dc-link voltage fluctuations without affecting the voltage balance of SCs. Finally, both simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the presented method.

关键词： capacitors Voltage control Fluctuations Voltage fluctuations Pulse width modulation Sorting Modulation

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Killing two birds with one stone:Constructing tri-elements doped and hollow-structured carbon sphere by a single template for advanced potassium-ion hybrid capacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 556-564页

作者： Jiafeng Ruan Yahui Zhao Sainan Luo Jiaming Hu Yuepeng Pang Fang Fang Shiyou Zheng School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science&TechnologyShanghai 200093China Department of Materials Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Integrating the merits of long lifespan and excellent energy as well as power densities,potassium-ion hybrid capacitors(PIHCs)exhibit great prospects for future energy storage devices.To boost comprehensive performance of PIHCs,heteroatom-doping and morphology-tuning as two comprehensive strategies have been devoted to designing uniquely structural carbon-based materials with favorable advantages.An ideal strategy for simultaneous atomic doping and structural regulation is expected to be developed.Herein,we propose a novel"Killing Two Birds with One Stone"strategy to prepare a tri-elements doped hollow carbon sphere(TED-HCS)as PIHCs anodes,that is,a single template of spherical CoP particles is rationally adopted,which not only provides both a P source for heteroatom-doping but also acts as a selfsacrificial template for hollow-structure engineering.The multifunctional TED-HCS presents a high capacity of 473.0 mAh g^(-1) and excellent rate performance of 212.5 mAh g^(-1) at 5.0 A g^(-1).Remarkably,the as-assembled PIHCs show outstanding energy/power density(40.4 Wh kg^(-1)/10500 W kg^(-1))and remain high-capacity retention of 89.15%even cycling 12,000 times.The"Killing Two Birds with One Stone"strategy offers new insight into the search for the preparation of carbon-based materials with multi-elements doping and specific morphology structure.

关键词： capacitors Potassium-ion Doping Carbon material Anode

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Synergetic influence of ex-situ camphoric carbon nano-grafting on lithium titanates for lithium ion capacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2015年第3期24卷 337-345页

作者： Amruthalakshmi Vijayakumar Ranjusha Rajagopalan Anoop S.Sushamakumariamma Jickson Joseph Amrutha Ajay Shantikumar V Nair Deepak Krishna M.S Avinash Balakrishnan Nanosolar Division Amrita Center for Nanosciences Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials (ISEM) University of Wollongong

The present study provides detailed experimental results on the synthesis and characterization of carbonized lithium titanate spinel（LTO） composites as electrode materials for lithium ion capacitor.The LTO particles were grafted with a porous carbon layer obtained from the pyrolysis of camphor.The graphitic nature of the carbon was confirmed through Raman spectroscopy.The relative contributions from the capacitive and diffusion controlled processes underlying these electrodes were mathematically modeled.Electron transport mechanism underlying these electrodes was determined by measuring the work functions（φ） of LTO and carbon grafted LTO using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy.These carbon grafted LTO composites exhibited an energy density of 330 m Wh L-1and a peak power density of 2.8 k W L-1,when employed as electrodes in coin cells with excellent cycling stability at the end of 4000 cycles.

关键词： functional composites capacitors electrical properties lithium ion energy storage

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Fabricating high-performance sodium ion capacitors with P2-Na_(0.67)Co_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_2 and MOF-derived carbon

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第1期28卷 79-84页

作者： Haichen Gu Lingjun Kong Huijuan Cui Xianlong Zhou Zhaojun Xie Zhen Zhou School of Materials Science and Engineering National Institute for Advanced Materials Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Nankai University

Sodium ion capacitors(SICs) have been considered as a kind of promising devices to achieve both high power and energy density. However, it is still a challenge to achieve high energy output at elevated power delivery due to the poor rate capability of battery-type electrode materials and the kinetic mismatch with capacitor-type electrode materials. In this work, to fabricate SICs, P2-Na_(0.67)Co_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_2(P2-NCM)was chosen as the battery-type cathode material, and a typical metal-organic framework(MOF) material,zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8) derived carbon(ZDC) was utilized as the capacitor-type anode material. Due to the kinetic match and high-rate performance of both electrodes, the ZDC//P2-NCM SICs exhibited an energy output of 18.8 Wh kg^(-1) at a high power delivery of 12.75 kW kg^(-1).

关键词： Energy density Power density P2-phase material Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 Sodium ion capacitors

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Carbon aerogels for electric double-layer capacitors

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Rare Metals 2006年第Z1期25卷 51-57页

作者： ZHANG Lin LIU Hongbo WANG Ming LIU Wei College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

In this study, carbon aerogels were derived via the pyrolysis of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) aerogels, which were cost-effectively manufactured from RF wet gels by an ambient drying technique instead of conventional supercritical drying. By varying the R/C ratio (molar ratio of resorcinol to catalyst), mesoporous carbon aerogels with high specific surface area were prepared successfully and further investigated as electrode materials for electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). The textural properties of carbon aerogels obtained were characterized by nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis and SEM. The electrochemical performances of carbon aerogels were investigated by impedance spectroscopy, galvanostatic charge/discharge and cyclic voltammetry methods. The results show that BET surface area and specific capacitance increase with R/C ratio, the maximum values of 727 m2·g-1 and 132 F·g-1 are achieved at R/C ratio will of 300. Increasing R/C ratio increase the average pore size of carbon aerogel electrode, which has improved the rate capability. Furthermore, EDLC with carbon aerogel electrodes has an excellent stability at large discharge current and long cycle life.

关键词： carbon aerogel electric double-layer capacitors texture electrochemical performance

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Nondestructive Evaluation of Ferroelectric Multilayer capacitors Using Electromechanical Resonances

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1995年第2期11卷 114-118页

作者： SUN, HT WANG, HF ZHANG, LY YAO, X Xi'an Jiaotong Univ Xi'an China

Under the mechanically free and clamped boundary conditions, electromechanical resonances-of ceramic multilayer capacitors are calculated using vibration and piezoelectric equations. Multilayer capacitors made of ferroelectric BaTiO3 and Pb(Mp(1/3)Nb(2/3))O-3 ceramics have been used to examine the theoretical calculation. Frequency spectra of impedance and phase angle, capacitance and loss tangent of the capacitors under de bias fields are carefully measured. A sudden change around the resonant frequency is observed in these spectra. A damped resonance indicates a defective capacitor while an undamped resonance is corresponding to defect free. Experimental results suggest that it is possible to use the spectra as a real time nondestructive evaluation method.

关键词： capacitors

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Ternary polymer nanocomposites with concurrently enhanced dielectric constant and breakdown strength for high-temperature electrostatic capacitors

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InfoMat 2020年第2期2卷 389-400页

作者： He Li Lulu Ren Ding Ai Zhubing Han Yang Liu Bin Yao Qing Wang Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhanHubeiChina

The exploration of high-energy-density electrostatic capacitors capable of operating both efficiently and reliably at elevated temperatures is of great significance in order to meet advanced power electronic applications.The energy density of a capacitor is strongly dependent on dielectric constant and breakdown strength of a dielectric material.Here,we demonstrate a class of solution-processable polymer nanocomposites exhibiting a concurrent improvement in dielectric constant and breakdown strength,which typically show a negative correlation in conventional dielectric materials,along with a reduction in dielectric loss.The excellent performance is enabled by the elegant combination of nanostructured barium titanate and boron nitride fillers with complementary functionalities.The ternary polymer nanocomposite with the optimized filler compositions delivers a discharged energy density of 2.92 J cm^−3 and a Weibull breakdown strength of 547 MV m^−1 at 150℃,which are 83%and 25%,respectively,greater than those of the pristine polymer.The conduction behaviors including interfacial barrier and carrier transport process have been investigated to rationalize the energy storage performance of ternary polymer nanocomposite.This contribution provides a new design paradigm for scalable high-temperature polymer film capacitors.

关键词： breakdown strength capacitors dielectric constant high temperature polymer nanocomposites

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Three Dimensional Electric Circuits with Multiple capacitors and Resistors

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2023年第3期13卷 379-386页

作者： Haiduke Sarafian The Pennsylvania State University University College York USA

Two cubical 3D electric circuits with single and double capacitors and twelve ohmic resistors are considered. The resistors are the sides of the cube. The circuit is fed with a single internal emf. The charge on the capacitor(s) and the current distributions of all twelve sides of the circuit(s) vs. time are evaluated. The analysis requires solving twelve differential-algebraic intertwined symbolic equations. This is accomplished by applying a Computer Algebra System (CAS), specifically Mathematica. The needed codes are included. For a set of values assigned to the elements, the numeric results are depicted.

关键词： 3D Electric Circuits capacitors Multiple Resistors Differential-Algebraic Equations Computer Algebra System Mathematica

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