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Effects of Plant Density on Yield and canopy Micro environment in Hybrid Cotton

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第10期13卷 2154-2163页

作者： YANG Guo-zheng LUO Xue-jiao NIE Yi-chun ZHANG Xian-long College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture

A rational plant population is an important attribute to high yield of cotton, because it can provide a beneficial micro environment within the canopy for plant growth and development as well as yield formation. A 2-yr field experiment was conducted to determine the optimal plant density based on cotton yield in relation to the canopy micro environment （canopy temperature, relative humidity and light transmittance）. Six plant densities （1.2-5.7 plants m^-2） were arranged with a completely randomized block design. The highest cotton yield （1 507 kg ha^-1） was obtained at 3.0 plants m^-2 due to more bolls per unit ground area （79 bolls m2）, while the lowest yield （1 091 kg ha1） was obtained at 1.2 plants m^-2. Under the moderate plant density （3.0 plants m^-2）, there was a lower mean daily temperature （MDT, 27. 1℃） attributing to medium daily minimum temperature （Train, 21.9℃） and the lowest daily maximum temperature （Tmax, 35.8℃）, a moderate mean canopy light transmittance of 0.51, and lower mean daily relative humidity （MRH） of 79.7% from June to October. The results suggest that 3.0 plants m^-2 would be the optimal plant density because it provides a better canopy micro environment.

关键词： cotton canopy environment plant density yield light transmittance

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Micro-sprinkling irrigation simultaneously improves grain yield and protein concentration of winter wheat in the North China Plain

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The Crop Journal 2021年第6期9卷 1397-1407页

作者： Jinpeng Li Zhimin Wang Chunsheng Yao Zhen Zhang Yang Liu Yinghua Zhang Anhui Agricultural University School of AgronomyHefei 230036AnhuiChina College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas Cangzhou 061000HebeiChina

Increased grain yield(GY) and grain protein concentration(GPC) are the two main targets of efforts to improve wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) production in the North China Plain(NCP). We conducted a three-year field experiment in the 2014–2017 winter wheat growing seasons to compare the effects of conventional irrigation practice(CI) and micro-sprinkling irrigation combined with nitrogen(N) fertilizer(MSI) on GY, GPC, and protein yield(PY). Across the three years, GY, GPC, and PY increased by 10.5%–16.7%, 5.4%–8.0%, and 18.8%–24.6%, respectively, under MSI relative to CI. The higher GY under MSI was due primarily to increased thousand-kernel weight(TKW). The chlorophyll content of leaves was higher under MSI during the mid–late grain filling period, increasing the contribution of post-anthesis dry matter accumulation to GY, with consequent increases in total dry matter accumulation and harvest index compared to CI. During the mid–late grain filling period, the canopy temperature was markedly lower and the relative humidity was higher under MSI than under CI. The duration and rate of filling during the mid–late grain filling period were also higher under MSI than CI, resulting in higher TKW. MSI increased the contribution of post-anthesis N accumulation to grain N but reduced the pre-anthesis remobilization of N in leaves, the primary site of photosynthetic activity, possibly helping maintain photosynthate production in leaves during grain filling. Total N at maturity was higher under MSI than CI,although there was little difference in N harvest index. The higher GPC under MSI than under CI was due to a larger increase in grain N accumulation than in GY. Overall, MSI simultaneously increased both GY and GPC in winter wheat grown in the NCP.

关键词： Winter wheat canopy environment Grain yield Protein concentration Dry matter and nitrogen remobilization

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