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Exploring associations between streetscape factors and crime behaviors using Google Street View images

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2022年第4期16卷 45-58页

作者： Mingyu Deng Wei Yang Chao Chen Chenxi Liu School of Computer Science Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China School of Management Science and Real Estate Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China

Understanding the influencing mechanism of the urban streetscape on crime is fairly important to crime prevention and urban ***,the development of deep learning technology and big data of street view images,makes it possible to quantitatively explore the relationship between streetscape and *** study computed eight streetscape indexes of the street built environment using Google Street View images ***,the association between the eight indexes and recorded crime events was revealed with a poisson regression model and a geographically weighted poisson regression *** experiment was conducted in downtown and uptown Manhattan,New *** regression results show that the influences of Motorization Index on crimes are significant and positive,while the effects of the Light View Index and Green View Index on crimes depend heavily on the socioeconomic *** a local perspective,the Pedestrian Space Index,Green View Index,Light View Index and Motorization Index have a significant spatial influence on crimes,while the same visual streetscape factors have different effects on different streets due to the combination differences of socioeconomic,cultural and streetscape *** key streetscape elements of a given street that affect a specific criminal activity can be identified according to the strength of the *** results provide both theoretical and practical implications for crime theories and crime prevention efforts.

关键词： crime Google Street View streetscape spatial analysis geographically weighted poisson regression

“Hot street”of crime detection in London borough and lockdown impacts

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2023年第4期26卷 716-732页

作者： Yuying Wu Yijing Li CUSP London Department of InformaticsKing’s College LondonLondonUK

In recent years,the police intervention strategy“Hot spots policing”has been effective in combating ***,as cities are under the intense pressure of increasing crime and scarce police resources,police patrols are expected to target more accurately at finer geographic units rather than ballpark“hot spot”*** study aims to develop an algorithm using geographic information to detect crime patterns at street level,the so-called“hot street”,to further assist the Criminal Investigation Department(CID)in capturing crime change and transitive moments *** algorithm applies Kernel Density Estimation(KDE)technique onto street networks,rather than traditional areal units,in one case study borough in London;it then maps the detected crime“hot streets”by crime *** was found that the algorithm could successfully generate“hot street”maps for Law Enforcement Agencies(LEAs),enabling more effective allocation of police patrolling;and bear enough resilience itself for the Strategic crime Analysis(SCA)team’s sustainable utilization,by either updating the inputs with latest data or modifying the model parameters(*** kernel function,and the range of spillover).Moreover,this study explores contextual characteristics of crime“hot streets”by applying various regression models,in recognition of the best fitted Geographically Weighted Regression(GWR)model,encompassing eight significant contextual factors with their varied effects on crimes at different *** discussed the impact of lockdown on crime rates,it was apparent that the land-use driven mobility change during lockdown was a fundamental reason for changes in ***,these research findings have provided evidence and practical suggestions for crime prevention to local governors and policy practitioners,through more optimal urban planning(*** Traffic Neighborhoods),proactive policing(*** the listed top 10“Hot Streets”of crime),publicizing of laws and regulations,and installations

关键词： Hot street crime kernel density estimation spatial regression lockdown mobility change

Plug-and-Play Based Optimization Algorithm for New crime Density Estimation

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2019年第2期34卷 476-493页

作者： Xiang-Chu Feng Chen-Ping Zhao Si-Long Peng Xi-Yuan Hu Zhao-Wei Ouyang School of Mathematics and Statistics Xidian University Xi’an 710126 China School of Mathematical Science Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang 453003 China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China School of Computer and Control Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Research Center of Beijing Visystem Co. Ltd. Beijing 100190 China

Different from a general density estimation,the crime density estimation usually has one important factor:the geographical *** this paper,a new crime density estimation model is formulated,in which the regions where crime is impossible to happen,such as mountains and lakes,are *** further optimize the estimation method,a learning-based algorithm,named Plug-and-Play,is implanted into the augmented Lagrangian scheme,which involves an off-the-shelf filtering *** selections of the filtering operator make the algorithm correspond to several classical estimation ***,the proposed Plug-and-Play optimization based estimation algorithm can be regarded as the extended version and general form of several classical *** the experiment part,synthetic examples with different invalid regions and samples of various distributions are first *** under complex geographic constraints,we apply the proposed method with a real crime dataset to recover the density *** state-of-the-art results show the feasibility of the proposed model.

关键词： crime density estimation augmented Lagrangian strategy Plug-and-Play filtering operator

Quantitative Analysis of crime Incidents in Chicago Using Data Analytics Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第5期59卷 389-396页

作者： Daniel Rivera Ruiz Alisha Sawant Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University251 Mercer StNew York 10012USA

In this paper we aim to identify certain social factors that influence,and thus can be used to predict,the occurrence of *** factors under consideration for this analytic are social demographics such as age,sex,poverty,etc.,train ridership,traffic density and the number of business licenses per community area in Chicago,IL.A factor will be considered pertinent if there is high correlation between it and the number of crimes of a particular type in that community area.

关键词： Analytics big data Chicago correlation crime

Monitoring and Early Warning of New Cyber-Telecom crime Platform Based on BERT Migration Learning

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China Communications 2020年第3期17卷 140-148页

作者： Shengli Zhou Xin Wang Zerui Yang Information Department of Zhejiang Police College Hangzhou 310053China International School of Zhejiang Police College Hangzhou 310053China

The network is a major platform for implementing new cyber-telecom ***,it is important to carry out monitoring and early warning research on new cyber-telecom crime platforms,which will lay the foundation for the establishment of prevention and control systems to protect citizens’***,the deep-learning methods applied in the monitoring and early warning of new cyber-telecom crime platforms have some apparent *** instance,the methods suffer from data-distribution differences and tremendous manual efforts spent on data ***,a monitoring and early warning method for new cyber-telecom crime platforms based on the BERT migration learning model is *** method first identifies the text data and their tags,and then performs migration training based on a pre-training ***,the method uses the fine-tuned model to predict and classify new cyber-telecom *** analysis on the crime data collected by public security organizations shows that higher classification accuracy can be achieved using the proposed method,compared with the deep-learning method.

关键词： new cyber-telecom crime BERT model deep learning monitoring and warning text analysis

Regardless if it is comedy,action,thriller,or biography:A review of urban crime in the 1980s cinema of Chicago

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2021年第3期10卷 555-571页

作者： Hamed Goharipour Huston Gibson Gholamreza Latifi Department of Urban Studies The College of WoosterWoosterOH 44691USA Department of Landscape Architecture and Regional&Community Planning Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Social Urbanand Regional PlanningAllameh Tabataba’i UniversityTehranIran

This study investigates the cinematic representation of city crime transactions in Chicago in the *** narrative nature of cinema provides an imaginative context for interpreting the physical and nonphysical dimensions of urban *** a critical interpretive position,based on Peirce’s semiotics,this study uses“urban cinesemiotics”as the method to select image signs,identify their associated Chicagoan objects,and interpret their designoriented *** theoretical roots of crime prevention through environmental design constitute the basis for the interpretation of movies.A total of 27 crime-related scenes from 9 Chicagoan movies made in the 1980s illustrate that most urban settings suffer from the lack of crime-preventive environmental *** particular,natural surveillance(eyes on the street),encounter and enclosure,and border vacuums are major environmental factors that affect urban crimes in *** crime scenes also depict why environmental design cannot influence individuals’criminal intentions necessarily nor can they solve urban safety single-handedly.

关键词： crime Urban theory CPTED Design Cinema Chicago

Practice and Thinking of Grid Management to Promote crime Prevention and Control in Urban Community

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学术界 2019年第2期 207-216页

作者： Ding Huanxiang Law School Zhejiang Wanli University

Practice and Thinking of Grid Management to Promote crime Prevention and Control in Urban

关键词： community crime prevention and control(CCPC) gridding practice&improvement social governance social policy

Inequality and crime in China

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2017年第2期12卷 309-339页

作者： Jiangli Zhu Zilian Li School of Journalism & Communication Nanjing University Nanjing 210032 China School of Business Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China

This paper attempts to investigate comprehensively, a ＂U＂-shaped relationship between income inequality and crime rates in China after building a cost-benefit analysis model, by using time series data from 1981-2012 and panel data from 1999-2012. The empirical results show that： firstly, in the time series model, the U-shaped relationships between inequality and the total crime rate and rates of various crimes except from smuggling, are very significant in the period of 1981-2012, secondly, the panel threshold models show that inequality and crime tend to be correlated positively with each other during 1999-2012, because the inequality level during this period is much higher than the turning points of inequality estimated in the time series models, although three regions with different development levels are located in different parts of a U-shaped curve between inequality and crime.

关键词： inequality crime categories of crime

Forensic Semiotics: A Note on Applying Semiotics to the Study of crime

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2019年第1期5卷 1-20页

作者： Marcel Danesi University of Toronto

The scientific study of crime comes under the general categories of forensic science and criminology, which include a large set of related branches, from forensic psychology to computer forensics. The emergence of forensic semiotics as part of this interdisciplinary amalgam is relatively unknown among both criminologists and semioticians. This paper provides an overview of the main objectives of forensic semiotics and its importance to the study of crime. One of the premises of forensic semiotics is that there is a thematic and interpretive continuity between actual crimes and their fictional representations. Actually, contemporary semiotics itself can be seen to start with Peirce's interest in detective fiction, from which he developed several of his key ideas, including the theory of abduction. This paper also discusses some case studies that have been carried out under the rubric of forensic semiotics, which indicate the relevance of semiotic analysis to the study of crime.

关键词： forensic science detective story abduction crime MaΡa semiotics