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Molecular Phylogeny Determined Using Chloroplast DNA Inferred a New Phylogenetic Relationship of <i>Rorippa aquatica</i>(Eaton) EJ Palmer &Steyermark (Brassicaceae)—Lake cress

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第1期5卷 48-54页

作者： Hokuto Nakayama Kenji Fukushima Tatsuya Fukuda Jun Yokoyama Seisuke Kimura Faculty of Agriculture Kochi University Nankoku Japan Faculty of Life Sciences Kyoto Sangyo University Kamigamo Motoyama Kyoto Japan Faculty of Science Yamagata University Yamagata Japan National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki Japan School of Life Science The Graduate University for Advanced Studies Okazaki Japan

North American lake cress, Rorippa aquatica (Eaton) EJ Palmer & Steyermark (Brassicaceae), is listed as an endangered or threatened species. Lake cress shows heterophyllic changes in leaf form in response to the surrounding environment. Therefore, this species has received considerable attention from ecological and morphological perspectives. However, its phylogenetic position and taxonomic status have long been a subject of debate. To analyze the phylogenetic relationship of lake cress, we investigated chloroplast DNA sequences from 17 plant species. The results of phylogenetic reconstruction performed using trnL intron, trnG (GCC)-trnM (CAU), and psbC-trnS (UGA) indicated that lake cress is a member of Rorippa. Moreover, we found that the chromosome number of lake cress is 2n = 30. This result indicated that lake cress might have originated from aneuploidy of triploid species or via intergeneric crossing. Taken together, our results suggest an affinity between lake cress and Rorippa at the molecular level, indicating that lake cress should be treated as Rorippa aquatica (Eaton) EJ Palmer & Steyermark.

关键词： Lake cress Neobeckia Phylogeny psbC-trnS Rorippa trnL Intron trnG-trnM

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Rheological properties of low fat yogurt containing cress seed gum

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 29-32页

作者： Armita Behnia Hojjat Karazhiyan Razieh Niazmand Abdol Reza Mohammadi Nafchi Department of Chemical Engineering Islamic Azad University Shahrood Branch Shahrood Iran Department of Food Chemistry Research Institute for Food Science and Technology (RIFST) Mashhad Iran Department of Food Science and Technology Islamic Azad University Damghan Branch Damghan Iran Department of Food Science and Technology Islamic Azad University Torbat-Heydarieh Branch Mashhad Iran

Yogurt—a milk based mix fermented by lactic acid bacteria is a valuable health food for both young and old. Milk is the main ingredient of yogurt. However, most yogurts contain additional solids such as milk solids nonfat to boost the nonfat milk solids. Stabilizers such as natural gums are added to improve and maintain gel firmness and consistency, while also for many people to improve appearance and mouth feel. Hydrocolloidsspecifically stabilize gel structure, increaseviscosity and either from networks with milk constituents and establish a separate gel structure. In current research, a natural local plant Iranian hydrocolloid, cress seed gum, is added to yogurt formulation and its rheological propertiesare evaluated using a rotational viscometer. Different famous rheological models have beenused to fit shear stress-shear rate data’s. The results demonstrated that cress seed gum has a good potential to be used as a stabilizer in yogurt formula.

关键词： Yogurt Hydrocolloids cress Seed Gum Rheological Properties Viscosity

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Sea Trials of a Wave Energy Converter in Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland

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Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering 2013年第1期3卷 11-20页

作者： Vladimir Krivtsov Ian Bryden Brian Linfoot obin Wallace The University of Edinburgh Kings Buildings Edinburgh EH9 3JN Scotland UK SBE Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK Department of Ecology Kharkov State University 4 Svobody Square Kharkov 310077 USSR Ukraine

This paper describes a campaign of WEC （wave energy converter） testing and presents a selection of the results related to the measured motions and mooring tensions. A 1：20 physical model has been successfully deployed using a three point mooring installed at sea （Strangford Lough, NI） in 10 m depth. In calm weather the overall dynamics of mooring tensions is dominated by the tidal cycle due to the progressive lifting of the heavy chain with the increase in water depth on the flood and gradual lowering on the ebb. In flesh winds the dynamics is very complex, but can be studied with the aid of mathematical modelling. A simulation model was used to assess the dynamics of the mooring lines, and the results of open water tests have been compared with the model＇s performance. The results indicate that, in general, the model shows a reasonable agreement with the observations. The WEC＇s motions and the measured loads on the leading mooring line appear to relate to the concurrent environmental conditions. The data obtained can therefore be used for the model＇s calibration and further improvements, which is valuable for improving the WEC＇s design and operational characteristics. This may be important not only in relation to the issues of reliability and power take off, but also in terms of minimising the adverse effects of mooring lines on bottom sediments, as well as indirect effects of the eroded particles on a wide range of aquatic processes.

关键词： Bottom sediments mooring loads meteorological data model simulations optimisation Orcaflex cress wind waves.

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