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Hesitant adopters:COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among diverse vaccinated adults in the United States

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Infectious Medicine 2023年第2期2卷 89-95页

作者： Sharon Reece Sheena CarlLee Aaron J.Scott Don E.Willis Brett Rowland Kristin Larsen Ijanae Holman-Allgood Pearl A.McElfish College of Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences NorthwestFayettevilleAR 72703USA Office of Community Health and Research University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences NorthwestSpringdaleAR 72703USA College of Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences NorthwestSpringdaleAR 72703USA

Background:Despite the United States(US)having an abundant supply of COVID-19 vaccines,vaccination rates lag behind other high-income countries,suggesting that vaccine hesitancy and attitudes play a greater role in public health measures than pure supply and access.With the acknowledgment that vaccination attitudes and status may or may not be correlated,this study examined COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among vaccinated US adults by asking:(1)What is the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the vaccinated?(2)Does COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy vary across sociodemographic characteristics?(3)Does COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy vary by healthcare access and influenza vaccination over the past 5 years?Methods:Data were collected through an online survey of 2022 US adults with a final analytic sample of 1383 vaccinated respondents.Results:Overall,48.8%of vaccinated adults reported some level of hesitancy,while a slight majority reported they were“not at all hesitant”.Younger respondents,women,and Black and American Indian or Alaska Native participants had greater adjusted odds of being more hesitant towards receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.Respon-dents who had a primary care physician had greater adjusted odds than those who did not have a primary care physician of being more hesitant towards receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.Conclusions:This is the first population-based national sample study examining COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among vaccinated individuals from subgroups of distinctive backgrounds in order to inform targeted strategies for reducing vaccine hesitancy.Findings can assist in efforts to increase vaccination rates and also decrease vaccine hesitancy at the national level.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine vaccine hesitancy Hesitant adopters US adults

COVID-19 vaccine candidates and vaccine development platforms available worldwide

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第6期11卷 675-682页

作者： Nilgun Duman Zahraa ALzaidi Busra Aynekin Duygu Taskin Busra Demirors Abdulbaki Yildirim Izem Olcay Sahin Faik Bilgili Eda Tahir Turanli Tommaso Beccari Matteo Bertelli Munis Dundar Department of Medical Genetics Dragos Hospital IstanbulBezmialem Vakif UniversityIstanbul34854Turkey Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied ScienceCukurova UniversityAdana01380Turkey Department of Medical Genetics Medical FacultyErciyes UniversityKayseri38030Turkey Department of Economics Faculty of Economics and Administrative SciencesErciyes UniversityKayseri38030Turkey Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Faculty of ScienceAcibadem University34684IstanbulTurkey Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of PerugiaPerugia06123Italy MAGI'S LAB Trentino38068Italy

The pandemic caused by the worldwide spread of the coronavirus,which first appeared in 2019,has been named coronavirus disease 19(covid-19).More than 4.5 million deaths have been recorded due to the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),according to the World Health Organization.covid-19 Dashboard in September 2021.Apart from the wildtype,other variations have been successfully transmitted early in the outbreak although they were not discovered until March 2020.Modifications in the SARS-CoV-2 genetic material,such as mutation and recombination,have the ability to modify the viral life span,along with transitivity,cellular tropism,and symptom severity.Several processes are involved in introducing novel vaccines to the population,including vaccine manufacturing,preclinical studies,Food and Drug Administration permission or certification,processing,and marketing.COVID-19 vaccine candidates have been developed by a number of public and private groups employing a variety of strategies,such as RNA,DNA,protein,and viral vectored vaccines.This comprehensive review,which included the most subsequent evidence on unique features of SARS-CoV-2 and the associated morbidity and mortality,was carried out using a systematic search of recent online databases in order to generate useful knowledge about the covid-19 updated versions and their consequences on the disease symptoms and vaccine development.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine vaccine development platform Coronavirus outbreak SARS-CoV-2 variants Treatment

A Self-Biomineralized Novel Adenovirus Vectored COVID-19 vaccine for Boosting Immunization of Mice

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第5期36卷 1113-1123页

作者： Shengxue Luo Panli Zhang Peng Zou Cong Wang Bochao Liu Cuiling Wu Tingting Li Ling Zhang Yuming Zhang Chengyao Li Department of Pediatrics Shenzhen HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityShenzhen 518101China Department of Transfusion Medicine School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Guangzhou Bai Rui Kang(BRK)Biological Science and Technology Limited Company Guangzhou 510000China Department of Pediatrics Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China

SARS-CoV-2 has caused more than 3.8 million deaths worldwide,and several types of COVID-19 vaccines are urgently approved for use,including adenovirus vectored vaccines.However,the thermal instability and pre-existing immunity have limited its wide applications.To circumvent these obstacles,we constructed a self-biomineralized adenovirus vectored COVID-19 vaccine(Sad23L-n Co V-S-Ca P)by generating a calcium phosphate mineral exterior(Ca P)based on Sad23L vector carrying the full-length gene of SARS-Co V-2 spike protein(S)under physiological condition.This Sad23L-n Co V-S-Ca P vaccine was examined for its characteristics of structure,thermostability,immunogenicity and avoiding the problem of preexisting immunity.In thermostability test,Sad23L-n Co V-S-Ca P could be stored at 4°C for over 45 days,26°C for more than 8 days and 37°C for approximately 2 days.Furthermore,Sad23L-n Co V-S-Ca P induced higher level of S-specific antibody and T cell responses,and was not affected by the pre-existing anti-Sad23L immunity,suggesting it could be used as boosting immunization on Sad23L-n Co V-S priming vaccination.The boosting with Sad23L-n Co V-S-Ca P vaccine induced high titers of 10^(5.01)anti-S1,10^(4.77)anti-S2 binding antibody,10^(3.04) pseudovirus neutralizing antibody(IC_(50)),and robust T-cell response of IFN-c(1466.16 SFCs/10^(6)cells)to S peptides,respectively.In summary,the selfbiomineralization of the COVID-19 vaccine Sad23L-n Co V-S-Ca P improved vaccine efficacy,which could be used in prime-boost regimen for prevention of SARS-Co V-2 infection in humans.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine Novel simian adenovirus vector Self-biomineralized vaccine Immunogenicity

Safety and Current Status of the COVID-19 vaccine among Patients with Breast cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study from China

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2023年第3期3卷 127-131页

作者： Shaohua Zhang Jianbin Li Ruonan Xu Qianjun Chen Gang Sun Ying Lin Feng Jin Xinlan Liu Zhimin Fan Yiding Chen Yali Cao Xinzheng Li Jianyun Nie Guiying Xu Xiaojia Wang Yuee Teng Tao Sun Hong Liu Jing Luo Cuizhi Geng Man Li Ting Luo Yinhua Liu Fu-Sheng Wang Zefei Jiang Department of Oncology the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100071China Department of Infectious Diseases the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Department of Breast Cancer Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510000China Department of Breast Head and Neck Surgery Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi 830011China Department of Breast Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510062China Department of Breast Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China Department of Oncology General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityNingxia 750003China Department of Breast Surgery the First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130031China Department of Oncology Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310009China Department of Oncology Nanchang Third HospitalNanchang 330009China Department of Breast Surgery Shanxi Cancer HospitalTaiyuan 030013China Department of Breast Surgery Yunnan Cancer HospitalKunming 650118China Department of Breast Surgery Jilin Cancer HospitalChangchun 130012China Department of Oncology Cancer Hospital Affiliated to the University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310005China Department of Oncology the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China Department of Oncology Liaoning Cancer HospitalShenyang 110801China Department of Oncology Tumor Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300060China Department of Breast Surgery Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengdu 610042China Department of Breast Cancer the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050011China Department of Oncology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116050China Department of Head and Neck Tumor West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610042China Department of Breast Su

In this study,we aimed to explore the safety and vaccination coverage data of Chinese patients with breast cancer receiving coronavirus disease 2019(covid-19)vaccination.The patients were recruited from 41 hospitals across 20 Chinese provinces.The vaccination coverage was approximately 22.4%,and the frequency of total adverse events was 13.3%after the first dose and 9.9%after the second dose.The most frequent adverse reaction within 14 days of the first dose was local pain(5.7%).Unvaccinated patients were very likely to reject the vaccine rather than be hesitant in patients with old age(odds ratio[OR],1.238;95%confidence interval[CI],1.101-1.391),chronic disease history(OR,1.189;95%CI,1.057-1.337),and cancer relapse(OR,1.398;95%CI,1.233-1.585).Of the unvaccinated patients with breast cancer,54.1%opted to receive COVID-19 vaccines if more data were available.Considering the safety but low vaccination coverage for breast cancer,increased positive attitudes and acceptance toward COVID-19 vaccines are important.

关键词： Breast cancer COVID-19 vaccine Safety

Effect of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine on sperm morphokinetics and DNA integrity: A prospective observational study in Japan

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2023年第2期12卷 58-63页

作者： Yasuhiro Ohara Shimpei Mizuta Hidehiko Matsubayashi Tomomoto Ishikawa Tsuyoshi Takiuchi Tadashi Kimura Department of Reproductive Medicine Reproduction Clinic Osaka4-20Ofuka-choKita-kuOsakaJapan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Graduate School of MedicineOsaka University2-15YamadaokaSuita CityOsakaJapan Department of Reproductive Medicine Reproduction Clinic Tokyo1-5-2Higashi-shinbashiMinato-kuTokyoJapan Department of Clinical Genomics Graduate School of MedicineOsaka University2-15YamadaokaSuita CityOsakaJapan

Objective:To assess whether the coronavirus disease 2019(covid-19)mRNA vaccine affects sperm morphokinetics using a computer-assisted semen analyzer and other semen parameters using a sperm chromatin structure assay.Methods:Healthy male volunteers in two Japanese clinics between May 2021 and December 2021 were prospectively analyzed.Participants donated sperm twice,two days apart,in the following phases:before vaccination,2 weeks after the first vaccine dose,and 2,4,and 12 weeks after the second dose.Basic sperm parameters,sperm motility characteristics,and the percentage of DNA-damaged sperm were compared among the different phases.Results:Ninety-six semen samples from ten volunteers,who were vaccinated with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine,were evaluated.There were no significant differences between any phases in basic semen findings and parameters of the sperm chromatin structure assays.Regarding sperm motion characteristics,the average linear velocity,beat-cross frequency,and sperm motility index significantly decreased after the second vaccine dose(P=0.018,P=0.003,and P=0.027,respectively),with no significant differences between any two phases by post-hoc pairwise comparisons.Conclusions:After covid-19 mRNA vaccination,while sperm motion characteristics might fluctuate,no apparent deterioration of basic sperm parameters or sperm DNA integrity was observed.Given the adverse effects of covid-19 on sperm,our findings suggest that there might be no reason to refrain from vaccination for healthy individuals.

关键词： Computer-assisted semen analyzer COVID-19 vaccine Flow cytometry Male fertility Sperm chromatin structure assay

Assessment of COVID-19 vaccine Acceptance and Willingness to Pay by Nigerians

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Health 2022年第1期14卷 137-157页

作者： Adamu Mohammed Hassan Zubaida Hassan Husayn Mahmud Muhammad Department of Economics Federal College of Education Yola Nigeria Department of Planning Research and Statistics Adamawa State Primary Health Care Development Agency Yola Nigeria Department of Microbiology Modibbo Adama University Yola Nigeria

Introduction: The covid-19 Pandemic has affected critical sectors of human development. To curtail these effects, vaccines are being approved for human trials. It is, therefore, important to know the possible vaccine coverage expected in each country. This study determined the willingness of Nigerians to accept and pay for COVID-19 vaccine. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey across all states of Nigeria was conducted via a structured e-questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and multinomial logistic regression were conducted. Result: A total of 502 responses were obtained from all six geopolitical zones of Nigeria, comprising 67.3% males (n = 338) and 32.7% females (n = 164). The results indicated that 34.7% (n = 167) are willing to accept the vaccine when given for free, 33.9% (n = 163) are not willing, and up to 31.4% (n = 151) are indifferent in their decision. Univariate analysis indicated the likelihood that education level could influence willingness to accept the vaccine (F = 2.408, p = 0.049). Rollout strategies may have an impact (p vaccine. These strategies include providing incentives, making it compulsory and paying for the vaccine with F = 186.983 and eta = 0.657, F =71.620 and Eta = 0.476, F = 108.696 and Eta = 0.552, respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed a possibility of the low willingness of Nigerians to accept COVID-19 vaccine. Providing incentives is likely to improve coverage, while making the vaccine compulsory may increase rejection. This study, therefore, serves as a gateway for government and policymakers on how best to prime and penetrate the society to achieve massive COVID-19 vaccine coverage in Nigeria.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine Acceptance Willingness to Pay Nigerians

Side Effects of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine among Libyan Young Adults: Observational Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第1期10卷 33-45页

作者： Taher I. Shailabi Elham O. Borwis Nisreen Saed Majeed Nagat H. Bubtina Naeima Betamar Guma Abdeldaim Pharmacology and Toxicology Department Faculty of Pharmacy Omar Al-Mukhtar University Al-Bayda Libya Medical Microbiology Department Faculty of Medicine Benghazi University Benghazi Libya Conservative Dentistry Department Faculty of Dentistry Benghazi University Benghazi Libya

Purpose: Since the mRNA technology used to manufacture Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is new, it is still difficult to predict its consequences. However, many young people, especially in developing countries, think that they are less susceptible to severe infection with the Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Therefore, they do not prefer to take the COVID-19 vaccines. Accordingly, studies in this aspect are necessary to increase people’s awareness of the acceptance of vaccination, especially for the youth. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on healthy young adults of both sexes. Participants (n = 81) were received two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. A paper questionnaire was prepared, the survey asks about the side effects related to receiving the vaccine. All participants completed the questionnaire twice, once after the first dose and again after the second dose. Data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The most common side effects were Muscle pain, Tiredness, Headache, and Fever. Less common side effects were Chills, Fainted, Breathlessness, and Coughing. Rare side effects include nausea and vomiting, Diarrhea, Anaphylactic Reaction, and Swollen Lymph Nodes. Side effects that are strongly associated with females are Headache, and Joint pain, for males, Anaphylactic reaction. The study revealed a significant difference between the number of females (96.5%) and males (85%) who suffered from the side effects of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (P = 0.033). Conclusion: Most of the side effects reported in our study were consistent with Pfizer’s fact sheet for recipients and caregivers. Through our follow-up to the participants in the study, we noticed that the reported side effects were not too bad, and they were able to carry out their daily activities, so we recommend taking the vaccine, especially for young people.

关键词： Pfizer-BioNTech Side Effects COVID-19 vaccine Young Adults

covid-19 vaccination intention and vaccine characteristics infuencing vaccination acceptance: a global survey of 17 countries

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第5期10卷 85-86页

作者： Li Ping Wong Haridah Alias Mahmoud Danaee Jamil Ahmed Abhishek Lachyan Carla Zi Cai Yulan Lin Zhijian Hu Si Ying Tan Yixiao Lu Guoxi Cai Di Khanh Nguyen Farhana Nishat Seheli Fatma Alhammadi Milkar D.Madhale Muditha Atapattu Tasmi Quazi‑Bodhanya Samira Mohajer Gregory D.Zimet Qinjian Zhao Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and CancerSchool of Public HealthFujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350122FujianChina 不详

Background:The availability of various types of COVID-19 vaccines and diverse characteristics of the vaccines pre‑sent a dilemma in vaccination choices,which may result in individuals refusing a particular COVID-19 vaccine ofered,hence presenting a threat to immunisation coverage and reaching herd immunity.The study aimed to assess global covid-19 vaccination intention,vaccine characteristics infuencing vaccination acceptance and desirable vaccine characteristics infuencing the choice of vaccines.Methods:An anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted between 4 January and 5 March 2021 in 17 coun‑tries worldwide.Proportions and the corresponding 95%confdence intervals(CI)of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and vaccine characteristics infuencing vaccination acceptance were generated and compared across countries and regions.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.Results:Of the 19,714 responses received,90.4%(95%CI 81.8–95.3)reported likely or extremely likely to receive COVID-19 vaccine.A high proportion of likely or extremely likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was reported in Australia(96.4%),China(95.3%)and Norway(95.3%),while a high proportion reported being unlikely or extremely unlikely to receive the vaccine in Japan(34.6%),the U.S.(29.4%)and Iran(27.9%).Males,those with a lower educational level and those of older age expressed a higher level of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.Less than two-thirds(59.7%;95%CI 58.4–61.0)reported only being willing to accept a vaccine with an efectiveness of more than 90%,and 74.5%(95%CI 73.4–75.5)said they would accept a COVID-19 vaccine with minor adverse reactions.A total of 21.0%(95%CI 20.0–22.0)reported not accepting an mRNA vaccine and 51.8%(95%CI 50.3–53.1)reported that they would only accept a COVID-19 vaccine from a specifc country‐of‐origin.Countries from the Southeast Asia region reported the highest proportion of not accepting mRNA technology.The highest proportion from Europe and the Ame

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine Vaccination intention vaccine characteristics Vaccination acceptance vaccine choice

COVID-19 vaccine, Asymptomatic Cases, Risk Communication and Community Engagement in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021年第3期11卷 71-79页

作者： David Houéto Ferdinand Daga Alexandre Timé Romulus Honhonou Maurice Agonnoudé School of Public Health (ENATSE) University of Parakou Parakou Benin Institute of nursing and obstetrics Education (IFSIO) University of Parakou Parakou Benin School of Medicine (FM) University of Parakou Parakou Benin

African region will probably be the last region in COVID-19 vaccine uptake. But that shouldn’t be a problematic issue if the emphasis is maintained on the role Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) can play in controlling the covid-19 pandemic through the adoption of preventive measures. We used the issue of asymptomatic cases to illustrate the importance that should still be given to preventive measures such as hand washing, mask wearing, physical and social distancing, knowing that vaccines have never been 100% effective. Also with the issue of variants in covid-19, the vaccine couldn’t be considered as a panacea. Lessons from the Nordic countries are strong arguments to put emphasis on preventive measures in the region.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine Asymptomatic Preventive Measures Risk Communication and Community Engagement