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Impact of X-radiation in the management of covid-19 disease

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World Journal of Radiology 2022年第7期14卷 219-228页

作者： Aishwarya T A Divya K Mohan K Nandhini Venkateswarlu Raavi Venkatachalam Perumal Department of Human Genetics Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research(Deemed to be University)PorurChennai 600116Tamil NaduIndia Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research(Deemed to be University)TamakaKolar 563103KarnatakaIndia

Coronaviruses are a diverse group of viruses that infect both animals and *** though the existence of coronavirus and its infection to humans is not new,the 2019-novel coronavirus(nCoV)caused a major burden to individuals and society i.e.,anxiety,fear of infection,extreme competition for hospitalization,and more importantly financial *** nCoV infection/disease diagnosis was based on non-specific signs and symptoms,biochemical parameters,detection of the virus using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction(RTPCR),and X-ray-based *** review focuses on the consolidation of potentials of X-ray-based imaging modality[chest-X radiography(CXR)and chest computed tomography(CT)]and low-dose radiation therapy(LDRT)for screening,severity,and management of covid-19 *** studies suggest that CXR contributed significantly toward initial rapid screening/diagnosis and CT-imaging to monitor the disease *** chest CT has high sensitivity up to 98%and low specificity for diagnosis and severity of covid-19 disease compared to ***,LDRT compliments drug therapy in the early recovery/Less hospital stays by maintaining the physiological parameters better than the drug therapy *** the results undoubtedly demonstrated the evidence that X-ray-based technology continues to evolve and play a significant role in human health care even during the pandemic.

关键词： Corona virus covid-19 infection covid-19 disease X-rays Computed tomography Low dose radiotherapy

Secondary Bacterial Organizing Pneumonia in a Patient Recovered from covid-19 disease: A Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2021年第2期10卷 46-51页

作者： Alaa Al Zaki Reem Al Argan Abir Al Said Fears Al Kuwaiti Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Fahd Hospital of the Universi-ty Dammam KSA

covid-19 disease is a global pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) that mainly presents with pneumonia, but has variable multi-systemic manifestations. Concomitant bacterial infections associated with the acute stage of covid-19 disease have been rarely reported in the literature. However, to our knowledge, post viral organizing pneumonia (OP) secondary to bacterial infection after recovery from SARS-CoV2 infection has not been noted before. We report a 27-year-old male patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus who presented with fever post recovery from covid-19 disease for seven weeks and was found to have OP secondary to Klebsiella pneumoniae. Furthermore, the bronchoalveolar lavage was positive for SARS-CoV2 by RT-PCR despite multiple negative nasopharyngeal RT-PCR. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics only. Therefore, we conclude that early recognition of OP secondary to bacterial infection in patients with covid-19 disease and prompt antibiotic treatment could avoid the use of a prolonged course of steroids.

关键词： covid-19 disease Organizing Pneumonia Secondary Bacterial Infection Bronchoalveolar Lavage Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2)

Invasive rhinocerebral mucormycosis:Imaging the temporal evolution of disease in post covid-19 case with diabetes:A case report

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World Journal of Radiology 2023年第7期15卷 234-240页

作者： Ramakrishna Narra Shravya Rayapati Department of Radiodiagnosis Katuri Medical CollegeGunturAndhra Pradesh 522018India

BACKGROUND Rhinocerebral mucormycosis(RCM)is a rare,fatal,invasive fungal infection infecting mainly patients with immunocompromised conditions,such as diabetes mellitus,hematologic malignancies,and organ *** disease 2019(covid-19)disease in these patients further weakens the immune system due to several factors,including hypoxia,corticosteroid usage(further increasing hyperglycemic status),mechanical ventilation,increased serum ferritin levels,endothelitis due to free radicals,and glucose receptor protein *** diagnosis,judicious treatment decisions,and diabetes control with proper treatment guidelines in patients with coexisting covid-19 disease can reduce complication rates and improve *** SUMMARY A 75-year-old male patient with diabetes and hypertension diagnosed with covid-19 presented to the emergency *** examinations revealed elevated blood glucose levels,as well as ketone bodies in the *** was treated with oxygen and steroids,as well as insulin to correct blood glucose *** complained of a headache 10 d later,and imaging demonstrated mucosal thickening in bilateral sphenoidal,ethmoidal,and maxillary sinuses with hyperdense foci in the right maxillary sinus but without central nervous system *** debridement was performed,and a histopathological study revealed fungi *** antifungals(amphotericin b and posaconazole)were ***,on 15th day he developed right lower limb weakness and left lateral rectus *** was slow but steady progress,and he was ***,he presented to emergency department 1mo later with altered sensorium and poor control of diabetes resulted in an intracranial spread of mucormycosis,which ultimately led to the patient’s poor prognosis and slow *** Prompt early diagnosis,judicious treatment decisions,and diabetes control with proper treatment guidelines are necessary in patients with covid

关键词： Rhinocerebral mucormycosis covid-19 disease Corticosteroids Diabetes mellitus Diabetic ketoacidosis Case report

covid-19 in a pregnant kidney transplant recipient-what we need to know:A case report

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World Journal of Transplantation 2022年第10期12卷 325-330页

作者： Roberta Angelico Maria Luisa Framarino-dei-Malatesta Giuseppe Iaria Department of Surgical Sciences HPB and Transplant UnitUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome 00100Italy Department of Gynecologic-Obstetrical and Urologic Sciences Policlinico Umbero ISapienza University of RomeRome 00100Italy Kidney Transplant Unit San Camillo ForlaniniRome 00100Italy

BACKGROUND In the era of the coronavirus disease 2019(covid-19)pandemic,kidney transplant recipients are more susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)infection,developing severe morbidity and graft *** women are also more likely to develop severe covid-19 disease,causing pregnancy complications such as preterm births and acute kidney *** SUMMARY Herein,we report the case of a pregnant woman with a third kidney transplantation who developed covid-19 *** reduction of immunosuppressive drugs and strict monitoring of trough blood levels were needed to avoid severe SARS-CoV-2-related complications,and permitted to continue a healthy pregnancy and maintain good graft *** such a complex scenario,the concomitance of covid-19-related morbidity,the risk of acute rejection in the hyperimmune recipient,graft dysfunction and pregnancy complications make the management of immunosuppression a very difficult task and clinicians must be *** Tailoring the immunosuppressive regimen is a key factor affecting both the graft outcome and pregnancy safety.

关键词： Kidney transplantation Pregnancy SARS-CoV-2 infection covid-19 disease Immunosuppression Complications Case report

A covid-19 mathematical model of at-risk populations with non-pharmaceutical preventive measures:The case of Brazil and South Africa

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Infectious disease Modelling 2022年第1期7卷 45-61页

作者： Reuben Asempapa Bismark Oduro Ofosuhene O.Apenteng Vusi M.Magagula School of Behavioral Sciences and Education Penn State UniversityMiddletownPA17057USA Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences California University of PennsylvaniaCaliforniaPA15419USA Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology National Food InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKemitorvet2800Kgs.LyngbyDenmark Faculty of Science and Engineering Department of MathematicsUniversity of EswatiniPrivate Bag 4 KwaluseniMatsaphaEswatini

This work examines a mathematical model of covid-19 among two subgroups:low-risk and high-risk populations with two preventive measures;non-pharmaceutical interventions including wearing masks,maintaining social distance,and washing hands regularly by the low-risk *** addition to the interventions mentioned above,highrisk individuals must take extra precaution measures,including telework,avoiding social gathering or public places,*** reduce the *** with underlying chronic diseases and the elderly(ages 60 and above)were classified as high-risk individuals and the rest as low-risk *** parameter values used in this study were estimated using the available data from the Johns Hopkins University on covid-19 for Brazil and South *** evaluated the effective reproduction number for the two countries and observed how the various parameters affected the effective reproduction *** also performed numerical simulations and analysis of the *** and infectious populations for both low-risk and high-risk individuals were studied in *** were displayed in both graphical and table forms to show the dynamics of each country being *** observed that non-pharmaceutical interventions by highrisk individuals significantly reduce infections among only high-risk *** contrast,non-pharmaceutical interventions by low-risk individuals have a significant reduction in infections in both ***,low-risk individuals’preventive actions have a considerable effect on reducing infections,even among high-risk individuals.

关键词： covid-19 disease Low-risk population High-population Effective reproduction number Preventive measures

Associations between Continuing Symptoms and Quality of Life in Post-covid-19 Patients (2023)

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Open Journal of Nursing 2023年第6期13卷 340-351页

作者： Jolanta Tupikiene Julia Andrejeva Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences Klaip?da University Klaip?da Lithuania

covid-19 is a multisystem disease that can cause various symptoms which last even after the acute stage and negatively impact the quality of life of patients. It is of utmost importance to comprehensively evaluate how covid-19 affects not only patients’ physical and mental health, but also their family and social life. This knowledge plays a significant role in the creation of effective ways to assist those suffering from long covid to address health-related quality of life issues in a timely manner.

关键词： covid-19 disease Long covid Post-covid Syndrome Quality of Life Health Related Quality of Life

A compartmental model to investigate the dynamics of the covid-19 pandemic:A case study in five countries

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2021年第5期14卷 51-63页

作者： Ofosuhene O.Apenteng Bismark Oduro Isaac Owusu-Mensah Division for Global Surveillance Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark Kongens LyngbyDenmark Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences California University of Pennsylvania California Pennsylvania 15419USA Department of Science Education University of Education Winneba Mampong-AshantiGhana

Coronavirus disease 2019(covid-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infections,was declared a pandemic by the WHO on March 12,*** April 10,2020,it has spread to almost 215 UN Territories,affected more than 1,600,000 people,and become fatal to more than 100,000 *** propose a compartmental model to investigate the dynamics of the covid-19 pandemic and analyze the effects of governments and health officials’intervention strategies,using data in the USA,Italy,Spain,Germany,and *** are the countries with the most confirmed cases of the covid-19 as of April 11,*** perform parameter estimations,sensitivity,and predictive analysis and compare the covid-19 trend in these understudy *** on the model,we compute the basic reproduction number of the pandemic in these *** results indicate that the most sensitive parameters are the contact rate and degree of intervention;these parameters have high value in containing the *** basic reproduction number in each of the countries under study is more than *** on our findings,the covid-19 pandemic will continue to spread;but higher compliance with the intervention strategies will help minimize the disease’s spread.

关键词： covid-19 disease parameter estimation sensitivity analysis predictive analysis

Perspectives on mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells and their derivates as potential therapies for lung damage caused by covid-19

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第9期12卷 1013-1022页

作者： Aleksandra Klimczak Laboratory of Biology of Stem and Neoplastic Cells Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy Polish Academy of SciencesWrocław 53-114Poland

The new coronavirus,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARSCoV-2),which emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan,China,has reached worldwide pandemic proportions,causing coronavirus disease 2019(covid-19).The clinical manifestations of covid-19 vary from an asymptomatic disease course to clinical symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe *** lungs are the primary organ affected by SARS-CoV-2,with a very slow turnover for ***-CoV-2 enters the lungs via angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 receptors and induces an immune response with the accumulation of immunocompetent cells,causing a cytokine storm,which leads to target organ injury and subsequent *** date,there is no effective antiviral therapy for covid-19 patients,and therapeutic strategies are based on experience treating previously recognized *** search of new treatment modalities of covid-19,cell-based therapy with mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and/or their secretome,such as soluble bioactive factors and extracellular vesicles,is considered supportive therapy for critically ill *** MSCs are able to differentiate into different types of cells of mesenchymal origin,including alveolar epithelial cells,lung epithelial cells,and vascular endothelial cells,which are severely damaged in the course of covid-19 ***,MSCs secrete a variety of bioactive factors that can be applied for respiratory tract regeneration in covid-19 patients thanks to their trophic,anti-inflammatory,immunomodulatory,anti-apoptotic,pro-regenerative,and proangiogenic properties.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Stem/progenitor cells Lung damage Mesenchymal stem cell secretome covid-19 disease covid-19 pneumonia

covid-19 intervention models: An initial aggressive treatment strategy for controlling the infection

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Infectious disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 351-361页

作者： Bismark Oduro Vusi Mpendulo Magagula Department of Mathematics and Physical Sciences California University of PennsylvaniaCaliforniaPA15419USA Faculty of Science and Engineering Department of MathematicsUniversity of EswatiniPrivate Bag 4 KwaluseniMatsaphaKingdom of Eswatini

The novel coronavirus(covid-19)outbreak emerged in December *** disease has caused loss of many lives and has become an unprecedented threat to public health *** develop simple covid-19 epidemic models to study treatment strategies to control the *** results show that eradication of the disease is possible if the efficacy of treatment is *** also investigate the existence of a dual-rate *** under which the effect occurs are *** the effect is present,a tactic to control the infection might be to initially treat infected individuals aggressively at a relatively high rate to drive the prevalence to a lower region that can be maintained in the long run at a relatively moderate rate and cost.

关键词： covid-19 disease Dual-rate effect Treatment rate