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Characteristics and applications of interplanetary coronal mass ejection composition

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第11期63卷 2171-2187页

作者： SONG HongQiang YAO Shuo Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China School of Geophysics and Information Technology China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

In situ measurements of interplanetary coronal mass ejection(ICME)composition,including elemental abundances and charge states of heavy ions,open a new avenue to study coronal mass ejections(CMEs)besides remote-sensing observations.The ratios between different elemental abundances can diagnose the plasma origin of CMEs(e.g.,from the corona or chromosphere/photosphere)due to the first ionization potential(FIP)effect,which means elements with different FIPs get fractionated between the photosphere and corona.The ratios between different charge states of a specific element can provide the electron temperature of CMEs in the corona due to the freeze-in effect,which can be used to investigate their eruption process.In this review,we first give an overview of the ICME composition and then demonstrate their applications in investigating some important subjects related to CMEs,such as the origin of filament plasma and the eruption process of magnetic flux ropes.Finally,we point out several important questions that should be addressed further for better utilizing the ICME composition to study CMEs.

关键词： coronal mass ejection interplanetary coronal mass ejection elemental abundance ionic charge state magnetic flux rope magnetic cloud filament flare

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Numerical Simulation of the 12 May 1997 CME Event

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第2期25卷 790-793页

作者：周玉芬冯学尚吴式灿 SIGMA Weather Group State Key Laboratory for Space Weather Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 School of Earth Science Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research The University of Alabama in Huntsville Huntsville AL 35899 USA

Our newly developed CESE MHD model is used to simulate sun-earth connection event with the well-studied 12 May 1997 CME event as an example. The main features and approximations of our numerical model are as follows：（1） The modifed conservation element and solution element （CESE） numerical scheme in spherical geometry is implemented in our code. （2） The background solar wind is derived from a 3D time-dependent numerical MHD model by input measured photospheric magnetic fields. （3） Transient disturbances are derived from solar surface by introducing a mass flow of hot plasma. The numerical simulation has enabled us to predict the arrival of the interplanetary shock and provided us with a relatively satisfactory comparison with the WIND spacecraft observations.

关键词： coronal mass ejection SOLAR-WIND MHD SIMULATION PROPAGATION

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On the possibility of predicting flare index and CME velocity using vector magnetograms

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第6期63卷 117-126页

作者： AnQin Chen JingXiu Wang Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Center for Space WeatherChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Solar Activity of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China

In this paper,106 active regions(ARs)in the visible solar hemisphere in solar cycle 24 whose maximum sunspot groups’areas were larger than 400μh were selected.The association of their flare index(Iflare),largest flare magnitude(Mflare),and fastest coronal mass ejection(CME)velocity(VCME)with the vector magnetic field parameters were examined,and attempts were made to predict Iflare,Mflare,and VCME using the vector magnetograms.Iflare and Mflare were found to have a good correlation with the total photospheric free magnetic energy density(Efree),the length of the magnetic neutral line with a steep horizontal magnetic gradient(LNL),and the area with strong magnetic shear(Aψ).Iflare and Mflare were also found to have a best correlation with Efree.However,VCME displayed a moderate correlation with these three magnetic field parameters with a best correlation with Aψ.Thus,Efree and Aψappear to be the best parameters that can be used to predict Iflare(Mflare)and VCME,respectively.Hence,the multiple linear regression fit is proposed more suitable to predict Iflare and Mflare because of the stronger forecasts obtained than those by the linear fit with one magnetic field parameter for Iflare and Mflare.However,the VCME forecasts are better obtained through the linear fit with Aψ.The majority of the ARs without any CMEs never produced any flare larger than X1.0 while having a relatively lower Efree,shorter LNL,and smaller Aψ.This suggests that the larger the largest flare in an AR is,the faster the fastest CME produced by the AR will be.

关键词： sunspots magnetic field flare coronal mass ejection

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Propagation of Fast Magnetoacoustic Waves in Stratified Solar Atmosphere

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第2期23卷 399-402页

作者：郑惠南张元元王水王传兵李毅 CAS Key Laboratory for Basic Plasma Physics School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026

The characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic fast wave propagation in the solar stratified atmosphere are studied by the ray tracing method. The propagation behaviour of the wavefronts is described in detail. A magnetic field incorporating the characteristics field spreading expected in flux tubes is used, which represents the main feature of an active region. Partly ionization is considered beside the stratified solar atmosphere consisting chromosphere, transition region and corona. The study may explain the characteristics in observations of Moreton and extraultraviolet image telescope （EIT） waves. The wavefront incurred by the disturbance initialized at the base of the transition region propagates fast initially due to strong magnetic field, and it slows down when arriving beyond the region of flux-tube. Meanwhile, the wave propagates in the corona with a more consistent speed, as seen in the observation of EIT waves. The speeds and propagated characteristics in chromosphere and corona of the wavefronts are in agreement with those observed in H~ Moreton and EIT waves, respectively.

关键词： coronal mass ejection MAGNETIC-FLUX MORETON WAVE H-ALPHA CHROMOSPHERE EIT SIMULATIONS MODELS

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Overview of the Solar Polar Orbit Telescope Project for Space Weather Mission

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空间科学学报 2016年第3期36卷 245-266页

作者： XIONG Ming LIU Ying LIU Hao LI Baoquan ZHENG Jianhua ZHANG Cheng XIA Lidong ZHANG Hongxin RAO Wei CHEN Changya SUN Weiying WU Xia DENG Yuanyong HE Han JIANG Bo WANG Yuming WANG Chuanbing SHEN Chenglong ZHANG Haiying ZHANG Shenyi YANG Xuan SANG Peng WU Ji National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Space Weather Sciences Shandong University at Weihai Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Solar Polar ORbit Telescope(SPORT) project for space weather mission has been under intensive scientific and engineering background studies since it was incorporated into the Chinese Space Science Strategic Pioneer Project in 2011.SPORT is designed to carry a suite of remote-sensing and in-situ instruments to observe coronal mass ejections(CMEs),energetic particles,solar high-latitude magnetism,and the fast solar wind from a polar orbit around the Sun.The first extended view of the polar regions of the Sun and the ecliptic enabled by SPORT will provide a unique opportunity to study CME propagation through the inner heliosphere,and the solar high-latitude magnetism giving rise to eruptions and the fast solar wind.Coordinated observations between SPORT and other spaceborne/ground-based facilities within the International Living With a Star(ILWS) framework can significantly enhance scientific output.SPORT is now competing for official selection and implementation during China's 13 th Five-Year Plan period of 2016-2020.

关键词： Space weather coronal mass ejection Solar magnetism Solar wind Solar energetic particle

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Confined and eruptive catastrophes of solar magnetic flux ropes caused by mass loading and unloading

Confined and eruptive catastrophes of solar magnetic flux ro...

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中国天文学会2021年学术年会

作者：张全浩中国科学技术大学

It is widely accepted that coronal magnetic flux ropes are the core structures of large-scale solar eruptive activities,which inflict dramatic impacts on the solar-terrestrial system.Previous studies have demonstrated that varying magnetic properties of a coronal flux rope system could result in a catastrophe of the rope,which may trigger solar eruptive activities.Since the total mass of a flux rope also plays an important role in stabilizing the rope,we use 2.5-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic（MHD） numerical simulations in this letter to investigate how a flux rope evolves as its total mass varies.It is found that an unloading process that decreases the total mass of the rope could result in an upward（eruptive）catastrophe in the flux rope system,during which the rope jumps upward and the magnetic energy is released.This indicates that mass unloading processes could initiate the eruption of the flux rope.Moreover,when the system is not too diffusive,there is also a downward （confined） catastrophe that could be caused by mass loading processes,via which the total mass accumulates.The magnetic energy,however,is increased during the downward catastrophe,indicating that mass loading processes could cause confined activities that may contribute to the storage of energy before the onset of coronal eruptions.

关键词： Flux rope Flare Prominence Filament coronal mass ejection

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