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contribution of the Alternative Respiratory Pathway to PSII Photoprotection in c3 and c4 plants

Molecular plant 2017年第1期10卷 131-142页

作者： Zi-Shan Zhang Mei-Jun Liu Renate Scheibe Jennifer Selinski Li-Tao Zhang cheng Yang Xiang-Long Meng Hui-Yuan Gao State Key Laboratory of crop Biology colLege of Life Sciences college of Horticulture Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an-271018 China Department of plant Physiology FB5 University of Osnabrueck 49069 Osnabrueck Germany National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences 7 Nanhai Road Qingdao 266071 China Wheat Research Institute Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou Henan 450002 China These authors contributed equally te this article.

The mechanism by which the mitochondrial alternative oxidase （AOX） pathway contributes to photosystem II （PSII） photoprotection is in dispute. It was generally thought that the AOX pathway protects photosystems by dissipating excess reducing equivalents exported from chloroplasts through the malate/oxaloacetate （Mal/OAA） shuttle and thus preventing the over-reduction of chloroplasts. In this study, using the aoxla Arabidopsis mutant and nine other c3 and c4 plant species, we revealed an additional action model of the AOX pathway in PSII photoprotection. Although the AOX pathway contributes to PSII photoprotection in c3 leaves treated with high light, this contribution was observed to disappear when photorespiration was suppressed. Disruption or inhibition of the AOX pathway significantly decreased the photorespiration in c3 leaves. Moreover, the AOX pathway did not respond to high light and contributed little to PSII photoprotection in c4 leaves possessing a highly active Mal/OAA shuttle but with little photorespiration. These results demonstrate that the AOX pathway contributes to PSII photoprotection in c3 plants by maintaining photo- respiration to detoxify glycolate and via the indirect export of excess reducing equivalents from chloro-plasts by the MaI/OAA shuttle. This new action model explains why the AOX pathway does not contribute to PSII photoprotection in c4 plants.

关键词： alternative oxidase photoprotection photosystem II photorespiration c3 plant c4 plant

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Response of root traits of Reaumuria soongorica and Salsola passerina to facilitation

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第5期6卷 628-636页

作者： HaiNa ZHANG PeiXi SU ShanJia LI ZiJuan ZHOU TingTing XIE Linze Inland River Basin Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and climate change in cold and Arid Regions Chinese Academy of Sciences

c3 plant Reaumuria soongorica and c4 plant Salsola passerina are super xerophytes and coexist in a mixed community in either isolated or associated growth, and interspecific facilitation occurs in associated growth. In the present study, the root traits including root distribution, root length（RL）, root surface area（RSA）, root weight（RW） and specific root length（SRL） of both species in two growth forms were investigated to clarify their response to facilitation in associated growth. Six isolated plants of each species, as well as six associated plants similar in size and development were selected during the plant growing season, and their roots were excavated at 0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40 and 40–50 cm soil depths at the end of the growing season. All the roots of each plant were separated into the two categories of fine roots（2 mm diameter） and coarse roots（≥2 mm diameter）. Root traits such as RL and RSA in the fine and coarse roots were obtained by the root analyzing system WinRHIZO. Most of the coarse roots in R. soongorica and S. passerina were distributed in the top 10 cm of the soil in both growth forms, whereas the fine roots of the two plant species were found mainly in the 10–20 and 20–30 cm soil depths in isolated growth, respectively. However, the fine roots of both species were mostly overlapped in 10–20 cm soil depth in associated growth. The root/canopy ratios of both species reduced, whereas the ratios of their fine roots to coarse roots in RL increased, and both species had an increased SRL in the fine roots in associated growth. In addition, there was the increase in RL of fine roots and content of root N for S. passerina in associated growth. Taken together, the root growth of S. passerina was facilitated for water and nutrient exploration under the interaction of the overlapped roots in both species in associated growth, and higher SRL allowed both species to more effectively adapt to the infertile soil in the desert ecosystem.

关键词： c3 plant c4 plant facilitation relationship root traits specific root length

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