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Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Revealed by Haemoptysis on a 10-Year-Old Girl at Paediatrics Department of Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第1期7卷 13-17页

作者： Chantal Zoungrana Ouattara Caroline Yonaba Angèle Kalmogho Flore Ouédraogo Chantal Bouda Ousseini Diallo Ludovic Kam Departement de Pédiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso Departement d’imagerie Médicale et Radiodiagnostic Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso

Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a rather rare disorder in children and difficult to diagnose. It is generally linked to congenital heart defects or connective-tissue diseases. Our case is a 10-year-old girl admitted in the pediatric emergency care unit on January 19th, 2015 for massive haemoptysis and severe anaemia. Examination revealed severe anemia and a silent left lung. The Chest X-Ray revealed an abnormal mass on the upper left side of the mediastinum, and left lower lobe consolidation. The thoracic CT scan highlighted a 64 mm aneurysm of the subisthmic aorta with a thin 5 mm hole. It also showed pseudocoarctation of the aorta. Treatment in intensive care consisted of blood transfusion and iron supplement. She was due to travel abroad for cardio vascular surgery, but died on November 2016. Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm in our setting was discovered incidentally. In spite the fact that it is an extreme surgical emergency, in burkina Faso, treatment can only be possible abroad upon medical evacuation.

关键词： Aorta Aneurysm Haemoptysis Coarctation burkina Faso

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Soil Macrofauna Behaviour in the Presence of Pesticides and Organic Amendments

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第3期5卷 202-212页

作者： Rayim Wendé Alice Nare Paul Windinpsidi Savadogo Mamoudou Traore André Gountan Hassan Bismarck Nacro Michel Papaoba Sedogo Département des Substances Naturelles Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Ouagadou-gou Burkina Faso Laboratoire Sol-Eau-Plante Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’Etude et de Recherche sur la Fertilité des Sols (LERF) Université Polytechnique de Bobo Dioulasso (UPB) Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Insects attack vegetable crop, leading to an overuse of pesticides. Organic amendments are recommended to increase soil fertility. The impact of two insecticides, on soil macrofauna under rainfed cultivation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) with or without organic amendments was evaluated. The insecticides were Lambda Super (lambda-cyhalothrin) and Dursban (chlorpyrifos ethyl) and organic amendments were compost, pig manure and cattle manure. An experimental device in split-plot with three replicate was installed. Pesticides were applied periodically each week during the experiment. The results have showed that with organic amendments, Lambda super increased the earthworm population compared to the control. Indeed, we found 42 individuals/m2 with compost;1 individuals/m2 with pig manure and 27 individuals/m2 with cattle manure but the control was 0 individuals/m2 in the presence of Lambda super without organic amendment. Similarly, Dursban increased the population of earthworms in the presence of organic amendment with 11, 37 and 91 individuals/m2 respectively for compost, pig manure and cattle manure. Lambda super with compost has led to a total elimination of termites. In the presence of Dursban, a decrease in the number of termites was observed when adding cattle manure (11 individuals/ m2) compared to the control containing only Dursban (21 individuals/m2). Better distribution of macrofauna was obtained with treatment with Dursban and compost (E = 0.99 for earthworms and E = 0.96 for termites). All organic amendments used in our study stimulated earthworm population, but more in the presence of Lambda super or Dursban.

关键词： Pesticides Organic Amendment Soil Macrofauna burkina Faso

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Costing of Malaria treatment in a rural district hospital

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Health 2010年第7期2卷 759-768页

作者： Insa Koné Paul Marschall Steffen Flessa 不详

Objective: It is the aim of this paper to estimate the provider’s cost of treating paediatric cases of Malaria in a rural African hospital. Furthermore, we intend to give some insights into the possibilities of improving the efficiency of treating children with this disease in order to support policy makers in the resource allocation process. Methods: The cost analysis was done in the district hospital of Nouna, burkina Faso. Based on a comprehensive cost-of-illness information system, the cost of treating paediatric Malaria in the district hospital in the year 2005 were estimated using a combination of top- down and activity-based costing. It divides the entire treatment process into a set of activities along the clinical pathway and allocates monetary values for the resource consumption to each activity. Results: The average actual provider’s cost were 6.74 US$ for a paediatric outpatient with Malaria, 61.08 US$ for a paediatric Malaria inpatient with anaemia and, respectively 74.29 US$ for a case of paediatric Malaria with neurological affection. 54% of the cost was due to laboratory work. This high unit cost was mainly due to a severe underutilisation of the hospital capacity. The current cost recovery rate per case was between 18% and 43%. It would be between 32% and 73% if the occupancy increased to 80%. Conclusion: The paper demonstrates that detailed costing is possible in a district hospital in rural Africa. The unit cost seems to be extra-ordinary high and the share of laboratory cost is tremendous. However, this is mainly due to a very strong underutilisation of the existing capacities. This fact calls for intensive efforts of the management of the institution to attract more patients by improving the quality of services and in particular the satisfaction of the patients.

关键词： burkina Faso Cost Analysis Clinical Pathway Cost Recovery Paediatric Malaria

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