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Health 2017年第8期9卷 1145-1158页

作者： Naoko Kuramoto Mariko Kitagawa Department of Reproductive Health Nursing School of Nursing University of Human Environments Obu Japan Department of Reproductive Health Nursing Graduate School of Nursing Nagoya City University Nagoya Japan Department of Reproductive Health Nursing Graduate School of Nursing University of Human Environments Obu Japan

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress, antioxidant power, and antioxidant potential of breastmilk of breast-feeding mothers from the early postpartum period to the first 3 months postpartum, and to examine the dynamics and the relationships among them. Method: For 47 pu-erperant women who gave vaginal birth without any pregnancy complications, the oxidative stress levels (d-ROMs levels) and antioxidant power (BAP levels) in the maternal plasma as well as antioxidant potential of breastmilk (BAP levels in breastmilk) were measured 3 times, i.e., in the early puerperium (4 or 5 days after giving birth), one month after giving birth, and 3 months after giving birth. Results: The d-ROMs levels in the maternal plasma were significantly high in the early puerperium (p p p p p p breastmilk.

关键词： Oxidative Stress Antioxidant Power Maternal Plasma breastmilk Postpartum

Adiponectin and the regulation of gastric content volume in the newborn rat

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第33期27卷 5566-5574页

作者： Huanhuan Wang Paul Esemu-Ezewu Jingyi Pan Julijana Ivanovska Estelle B Gauda Jaques Belik Department of Paediatrics The Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto M5G 1X8OntarioCanada Department of Paediatrics and Physiology The Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto M5G 1X8OntarioCanada

BACKGROUND Oral intake is dependent on the gastric ability to accommodate the food ***,neonates have a smaller gastric capacity than adults and this may limit the volume of their milk ***,we previously reported that the newborn rat gastric milk volume is greatest after birth and,when normalized to body weight,decreases with postnatal *** age-dependent changes are not the result of intake differences,but greater gastric accommodation and reduced emptying *** Hypothesizing that breastmilk-derived adiponectin is the factor regulating gastric accommodation in neonates,we comparatively evaluated its effects on the rat fundic muscle tone at different postnatal *** In freshly dispersed smooth muscle cells(SMC),we measured the adiponectin effect on the carbachol-induced length *** Adiponectin significantly reduced the carbachol-stimulated SMC shortening independently of *** the presence of the inhibitor iberiotoxin,the adiponectin effect on SMC shortening was suppressed,suggesting that it is mediated via largeconductance Ca^(2+)sensitive K^(+)channel ***,we comparatively measured the newborn rat gastric milk curd adiponectin content in one-and twoweek-old rats and found a 50%lower value in the *** Adiponectin,a major component of breastmilk,downregulates fundic smooth muscle contraction potential,thus facilitating gastric volume *** rodent’s adaptive response maximizes breastmilk intake volume after birth.

关键词： Gastric emptying Fundus Smooth muscle breastmilk Potassium channel Development

Efficacy of 25% dextrose versus breast milk on pain and duration of cry during heel prick in neonates: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2024年第4期6卷 209-217页

作者： Sabitri ACHARYA Pity KOUL Santosh POKHREL Talagatoti David Ratna PAUL Department of Child Health Nursing Sharda School of Nursing Science and ResearchGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia Department of Paediatric Medicine Siddhartha Women and Children HospitalRupandehiNepal Department of Mental Health Nursing Sharda School of Nursing Science and ResearchGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia

Neonates,especially admitted to neonatal intensive care unit,frequently need various medical interventions in their early days.A common procedure is the heel prick for blood *** necessary for diagnosis,this procedure can be stressful for neonates,causing pain,extended crying,and *** distress in neonates during such procedures is important for the well‐being of neonates and the satisfaction of caregivers and healthcare ***,this review aims to identify and compare the efficacy of 25%dextrose and breast milk on pain and duration of cry among neonates during *** part of its review process,the article examined widely used databases,including PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane,Academia,and Google *** the meta-analysis,the authors utilized RevMan *** eligible trials were analyzed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool to assess the quality of the included studies and evaluate the risk of *** of 131 studies reviewed,seven studies were included in meta-analysis of pain,and four studies were included in duration of *** results show that 25%dextrose is more effective to reduce pain among neonates during minor invasive procedure like heel prick(P<0.00001),whereas both interventions are effective in the reduction of crying *** review highlights that dextrose is more effective in reducing pain in comparison to breast ***,additional well-designed studies with larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods are needed to validate and build upon the current ***,this review underscores the importance of utilizing effective pain management strategies,such as 25%dextrose,to enhance neonatal care and improve the overall well-being of newborns during invasive procedures.

关键词： breastmilk dextrose duration of cry heel prick neonates

Double Burden of Malnutrition: Toxic Metals in Breast Milk May Limit the Amounts of Micronutrients Available to Infants through Breast Milk

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第3期10卷 298-314页

作者： Adolf Kofi Awua Rose Boatin Theodosia Adom Edward Christian Brown-Appiah Akusika M. Diaba Dominic Datohe David Kwaku Bansa Cellular and Clinical Research Centre Radiological and Medical Sciences Research Institute of the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Accra Ghana Nutrition Research Centre Radiological and Medical Sciences Research Institute of the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Accra Ghana

Background: The amounts of micronutrients in the diets of infants, and the factors that influence them needs to be monitored at the population level in order to avert detrimental developmental defects that impose lifetime-limitations on an infant’s regulatory and defense systems. This study therefore, sought to evaluate if increasing levels of the toxic metals, Hg, Pb and Cd in breast milk will result in reducing amounts of the micronutrients Zn, Se and Cu in breast milk. Methods: Breast milk samples of 114 women living in two mining areas (57 women each) in Ghana, whose babies’ amounts of breast milk intake at three months postpartum, and amounts of toxic metals had previously been determined in a prospective study, were analyzed for micronutrients by a combination of acid and microwave digestion, and quantifications were by two different modes (hydrogen and helium) of Octapole Reaction System Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (7500 ce. Agilent), equipped with an ASX-510 Auto-sampler (Cetac). Results: All the breast milk specimen collected contained detectable amounts of Cu, Zn, both at levels less than have been previously reported, and Se. For specimen that did not contain Pb the amount of Se ranged from about 110 to 245 ng/g of milk, however, as the amount of Pb increased, the corresponding highest detected amount of Se reduced steeply, resulting in a right-angle triangle-shaped scatter plot. Similar relationships were observed between other toxic metals and micronutrients studied. A curve fitting regression analysis showed significant quadratic and cubic relationships between the amounts of Hg and Se, as well as between Pb, As and Cu. Conclusion: The results clearly suggest a double burden of malnutrition in these mining areas, where high loads of maternal toxic metals in breast milk, related significantly with a progressive reduction in the amounts of the micronutrients Cu and Se in breast milk, potentially reducing in infants’ intake of these micro

关键词： Toxic Metals Micronutrients breastmilk Mining Infant Nutrition