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Abnormal brain activity in adolescents with Internet addiction who attempt suicide: an assessment using functional magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第8期15卷 1554-1559页

作者： Yan Huang Lu Xu Li Kuang Wo Wang Jun Cao Mu-Ni Xiao GCP Office Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalChongqingChina Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College ChongqingChina Department of Psychiatry the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Mental Health Center University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Internet addiction is associated with an increased risk of suicidal behavior and can lead to brain dysfunction among ***,whether brain dysfunction occurs in adolescents with Internet addiction who attempt suicide remains *** observational cross-sectional study enrolled 41 young Internet addicts,aged from 15 to 20 years,from the Department of Psychiatry,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,China from January to May *** participants included 21 individuals who attempted suicide and 20 individuals with Internet addiction without a suicidal attempt *** images in the resting state were obtained by a 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging *** results showed that activity in the gyrus frontalis inferior of the right pars triangularis and the right pars opercularis was significantly increased in the suicidal attempt group compared with the non-suicidal attempt *** the resting state,the prefrontal lobe of adolescents who had attempted suicide because of Internet addiction exhibited functional abnormalities,which may provide a new basis for studying suicide pathogenesis in Internet *** study was authorized by the Ethics Committee of Chongqing Medical University,China(approval No.2017 Scientific Research Ethics(2017-157))on December 11,2017.

关键词： adolescents amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation brain activity functional magnetic resonance imaging Internet addiction prefrontal lobe resting state suicidal attempt

Altered spontaneous brain activity in patients with diabetic optic neuropathy:A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study using regional homogeneity

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第3期12卷 278-291页

作者： Gui-Ying Guo Li-Juan Zhang Biao Li Rong-Bin Liang Qian-Min Ge Hui-Ye Shu Qiu-Yu Li Yi-Cong Pan Chong-Gang Pei Yi Shao Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006Jiangxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a common chronic *** the increasing incidence of diabetes,more individuals are affected by diabetic optic neuropathy(DON),which results in decreased *** DON leads to abnormalities of other visual systems,including the eye,the visual cortex,and other brain regions,remains *** To investigate the local characteristics of spontaneous brain activity using regional homogeneity(ReHo)in patients with *** We matched 22 patients with DON with 22 healthy controls(HCs).All subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance *** ReHo technique was used to record spontaneous changes in brain *** operating characteristic(ROC)curves were applied to differentiate between ReHo values for patients with DON and *** also assessed the correlation between Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores and ReHo values in DON patients using Pearson correlation *** ReHo values of the right middle frontal gyrus(RMFG),left anterior cingulate(LAC),and superior frontal gyrus(SFG)/left frontal superior orbital gyrus(LFSO)were significantly lower in DON patients compared to *** these,the greatest difference was observed in the *** result of the ROC curves suggest that ReHo values in altered brain regions may help diagnose DON,and the RMFG and LAC ReHo values are more clinically relevant than SFG/*** also found that anxiety and depression scores of the DON group were extremely negatively correlated with the LAC ReHo values(r=-0.9336,Pbrain regions show ReHo changes in DON patients,and these changes could serve as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers to further guide the prevention and treatment of DON patients.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic optic neuropathy Regional homogeneity Resting state Functional magnetic resonance imaging brain activity

Makeup Activates brain activity in Visually Impaired Persons: Evaluation by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2021年第2期11卷 140-154页

作者： Katsushi Taomoto Kaho Oishi Hiroshi Matsunaka Yumi Murakami Yoshihiro Kuga Shinsuke Hashimoto Hideyuki Ohnishi Koji Abe Ohnishi Neurological Center Akashi Japan International Caremake Association Tokyo Japan NOV Academic Research TOKIWA Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Tokyo Japan Department of Neurology Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan

Cosmetics are used to improve physical appearance, but the benefits may be limited to people without visual impairment. The importance of attractiveness among blind persons has not been assessed. We investigated the influence of makeup on brain activity of blind persons using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants were 7 blind females (BFs) who learned to fully apply makeup and 9 mostly age-matched normally sighted females (NSFs). brain activity was measured using fMRI before and after application of makeup and during a makeup image task in each state. In the default mode network at rest, there was no difference between the BFs and NSFs. However, a lateral visual network to the opposite side was observed in the NSFs, whereas no such network was noted in the BFs. A weak network was noted in the BFs in the occipital fusiform gyrus and temporal occipital fusiform cortex, and an extensive visual area network defect was noted. Also, activity after makeup application was significantly higher in the nucleus accumbens, pallidum, and hippocampus. activity in the right middle cingulate gyrus, right cerebral white matter, and right anterior cingulate gyrus was higher before makeup in both BFs and NSFs, and the activity was significantly higher and more extensive in the BFs. In conclusion, applying makeup is a personally rewarding activity, even for BFs, as it strongly activates the reward system and the reward/memory system network, even in the absence of a visual area network.

关键词： Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Visually Impaired Persons brain activity Makeup Female

Volumetric Imaging of Neural activity by Light Field Microscopy

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第12期38卷 1559-1568页

作者： Lu Bai Zhenkun Zhang Lichen Ye Lin Cong Yuchen Zhao Tianlei Zhang Ziqi Shi Kai Wang Institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCenter for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai Center for brain Science and brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology Shanghai 201210China

Recording the highly diverse and dynamic activities in large populations of neurons in behaving animals is crucial for a better understanding of how the brain *** meet this challenge,extensive efforts have been devoted to developing functional fluorescent indicators and optical imaging techniques to optically monitor neural ***,optical imaging potentially has extremely high throughput due to its non-invasive access to large brain regions and capability to sample neurons at high density,but the readout speed,such as the scanning speed in two-photon scanning microscopy,is often limited by various practical *** different imaging methods,light field microscopy features a highly parallelized 3D fluorescence imaging scheme and therefore promises a novel and faster strategy for functional imaging of neural ***,we briefly review the working principles of various types of light field microscopes and their recent developments and applications in neuroscience *** also discuss strategies and considerations of optimizing light field microscopy for different experimental purposes,with illustrative examples in imaging zebrafish and mouse brains.

关键词： Light feld microscopy Volumetric imaging brain activity Calcium imaging Voltage imaging

Artifact suppression and analysis of brain activities with electroencephalography signals

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第16期8卷 1500-1513页

作者： Md. Rashed-Al-Mahfuz Md. Rabiul Islam Keikichi Hirose Md. Khademul Islam Molla Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pabna University of Science and Technology Department of Information and Communication Engineering The University of Tokyo Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajshahi University

brain-computer interface is a communication system that connects the brain with computer （or other devices） but is not dependent on the normal output of the brain （i.e., peripheral nerve and muscle）. Electro-oculogram is a dominant artifact which has a significant negative influence on further analysis of real electroencephalography data. This paper presented a data adaptive technique for artifact suppression and brain wave extraction from electroencephalography signals to detect regional brain activities. Empirical mode decomposition based adaptive thresholding approach was employed here to suppress the electro-oculogram artifact. Fractional Gaussian noise was used to determine the threshold level derived from the analysis data without any training. The purified electroencephalography signal was composed of the brain waves also called rhythmic components which represent the brain activities. The rhythmic components were extracted from each electroencephalography channel using adaptive wiener filter with the original scale. The regional brain activities were mapped on the basis of the spatial distribution of rhythmic components, and the results showed that different regions of the brain are activated in response to different stimuli. This research analyzed the activities of a single rhythmic component, alpha with respect to different motor imaginations. The experimental results showed that the proposed method is very efficient in artifact suppression and identifying individual motor imagery based on the activities of alpha component.

关键词： neural regeneration brain activity brain waves data adaptive filtering electroencephalography electro-oculogram artifact topographic mapping Wiener filtering neuroregeneration

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of regional homogeneity changes in parkinsonian resting tremor

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第11期6卷 811-815页

作者： Xian Liu Bo Liu Jun Chen Zhiguang Chen Department of Radiology Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Guangzhou 510120 Guangdong Province China

Regional homogeneity analysis of low-frequency blood oxygenation level-dependent signals from neighboring voxels enables the analysis of local neuronal synchrony. Both structural magnetic resonance imaging and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were collected from nine Parkinson＇s disease patients with right resting tremor, and from eight age-matched normal controls. Regional homogeneity was compared between Parkinson＇s disease patients and controls. The results revealed that regional homogeneity was increased in several brain regions, including the right precuneus, right superior parietal gyrus, left anterior cingulate cortex, right middle frontal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus. Conversely, regional homogeneity was decreased in the cerebellar vermis in Parkinson＇s disease patients compared with healthy controls.

关键词： Parkinson's disease resting tremor regional homogeneity functional magnetic resonance imaging resting state brain activity

Changes of resting cerebral activities in subacute ischemic stroke patients

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第5期10卷 760-765页

作者： Ping Wu Fang Zeng Yong-xin Li Bai-li Yu Li-hua Qiu Wei Qin Ji Li Yu-mei Zhou Fan-rong Liang Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Institute of Clinical Anatomy School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical University The First Teaching Hospital Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Radiology Department West China Hospital of Sichuan University Life Sciences Research Center School of Life Sciences and TechnologyXidian University

This study aimed to detect the difference in resting cerebral activities between ischemic stroke pa- tients and healthy participants, define the abnormal site, and provide new evidence for pathological mechanisms, clinical diagnosis, prognosis prediction and efficacy evaluation of ischemic stroke. At present, the majority of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies focus on the motor dysfunc- tion and the acute stage of ischemic stroke. This study recruited 15 right-handed ischemic stroke patients at subacute stage （15 days to 11.5 weeks） and 15 age-matched healthy participants. A rest- ing-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan was performed on each subject to detect cerebral activity. Regional homogeneity analysis was used to investigate the difference in cerebral activities between ischemic stroke patients and healthy participants. The results showed that the ischemic stroke patients had lower regional homogeneity in anterior cingulate and left cerebrum and higher regional homogeneity in cerebellum, left precuneus and left frontal lobe, compared with healthy participants. The experimental findings demonstrate that the areas in which regional homogeneity was different between ischemic stroke patients and healthy participants are in the cerebellum, left precuneus, left triangle inferior frontal gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus and anterior cingulate. These locations, related to the motor, sensory and emotion areas, are likely po- tential targets for the neural regeneration of subacute ischemic stroke patients.

关键词： nerve regeneration brain injury neuroimaging functional magnetic resonance imaging regional homogeneity apoplexy subacute ischemia participants healthy volunteers brain activity NSFC grants neural regeneration

Effects of Chewing Frequency on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognitive Function

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Journal of Behavioral and brain Science 2020年第7期10卷 287-295页

作者： Saya Natsui Megumi Sato Tomomi Yokoyama Hiromi Inaba Naomi Kuboyama Kenichi Shibuya Graduate School of Health and Welfare Niigata University of Health and Welfare Graduate School Niigata Japan RESCO Corporation Tokyo Japan WELCIA YAKKYOKU CO. LTD. Niigata Japan Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata University of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan Osaka University of Commerce Osaka Japan

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of the frequency of mastication on cerebral activation and task scores for computational tasks. Eleven healthy subjects participated in the present study (nine women, two men). Subjects carried out the Uchida-Kraepelin Test for 15 min before and after chewing tasteless gum for five minutes. The oxygenation of the left prefrontal cortex was monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy during the computational tasks. Task scores did not differ significantly according to chewing frequency (p > 0.05). Conversely, the oxygenation value measured after mastication at a chewing frequency of 110 times/minute (Hz) was significantly higher than that observed before mastication (p 0.05 for both). The results of the present study suggest that tasteless mastication does not enhance calculation performance, while a high mastication frequency demonstrates an influence on oxygenation. However, our study indicates that chewing tasteless gum per se does not increase cognitive performance.

关键词： Mastication Frequency brain activity Uchida-Kraepelin Test Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Altered regional homogeneity of prefrontal cortex in Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2016年第3期2卷 -页

作者： DeZhi Kang FuXiang Chen FuYong Chen Ying Liu Gang Wu LiangHong Yu YuanXiang Lin Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350005 Fujian Province China Department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350005Fujian Province China Department of Neurology The First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical University Fuzhou 350005 Fujian Province China

Background:Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common non-motor symptom of early Parkinson's disease (PD),but the neural mechanisms underlying it remain poorly *** aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of cognition-related brain activities in the PD patients with ***:The brain fMRIs and cognition tests were acquired in 39 PD patients and 22 healthy controls (HC) from September 2013 to January *** patients were divided into two groups:PD-MCI (n--18) and PD with normal cognition (PDNC,n =19).we used resting state fMRI and a regional homogeneity (ReHo) method to explore patterns of intrinsic brain activity in patients with PD-MCI as compared with PDNC subjects and ***:Compared with the PDNC group,the PD-MCI group exhibited significantly increased ReHo in parts of the prefrontal cortex regions (*** superior frontal gyrus,right middle frontal gyrus and orbitofrontal cortex).Compared to the HC group,a decrease of ReHo value in left thalamus was found in ***,this reduction was not found in the left thalamus of PDNC group,but in the above prefrontal regions (p ＜ 0.05,with Bonferroni correction).Conclusions:These results demonstrate that the ReHo of prefrontal cortex in resting state is changed in PD patients with *** presence of MCI in PD may be attributed to abnormal regional activity in prefrontal cortex regions.

关键词： Parkinson's disease Mild cognitive impairment Resting state fMRI Regional homogeneity brain activity Prefrontal cortex

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