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botulinum toxin type A and Its Possible Mechanisms on Wound Healing

Modern Plastic Surgery 2020年第3期10卷 38-55页

作者： Khushboo Gurung Qian Tan Ye Xu Bingchen Duan Department of Burns Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Southeast University Nanjing China Department of Burns Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Nanjing China Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China

botulinum toxin type-a (BTX-A), a subtype from known seven types of botulinum neurotoxin (serotype A-G), is produced by a gram-positive bacterium, Clostridium botulinum. The toxin is now widely and efficiently used in treating a plethora of diverse symptoms and conditions. Recent evidence in the literature also shows that BTX-A exhibits a wide range of effects on non-neuronal cells. Its potential has markedly expanded to clinical applications other than the treatment of neurological and muscular conditions that are characterized by neuronal hyperactivity. A number of studies have shown BTX-A to improve the quality of scar outcome and prevent the formation of keloids and HTS. Although the mechanism of action of BTX-A on wound healing is still not clearly understood, lately there has been extensive research to grasp the underlying mechanisms of this multifunctional toxin. BTX-A seems to affect wound healing by a number of mechanisms that include action on tensile forces, inhibition of fibroblasts differentiation, downregulation of TGF-β1 and collagen expression. This review will explore the responses of botulinum toxin type-a on wound healing and preventing pathological scars like HTS and keloids, and comprehend the overall effect BTX-A has on wound healing.

关键词： Wound Healing botulinum toxin type-a Hypertrophic Scar Keloid Fibroblast Myofibroblasts Transforming Growth Factor β-1 Collagen Metalloproteinases Connective Tissue Growth Factor

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