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Comparative Efficacies of Next-Generation Insecticides Against Yellow Stem borer and Their Effects on Natural Enemies in Rice Ecosystem

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Rice science 2019年第3期26卷 157-166页

作者： Muhammad Matiar RAHAMAN Michael Joseph STOUT Department of Agriculture Pakutia College Department of Entomology Louisiana State University

The efficacies of some next-generation insecticides against the rice yellow stem borer(YSB),Scirpophaga incertulas(Walk.), and their compatibilities with natural enemies were investigated during 2014 and 2015. Three newer insecticides, chlorantraniliprole 0.4% G, dinotefuran 20% SG, and methoxyfenozide 24% SC, and two commonly used insecticides, carbufuran 5 G and quinalphos 25 EC,were evaluated in the field for their efficacies against YSB and their non-target effects on natural *** of chlorantraniliprole 0.4% G at 10.96 kg/hm^2 resulted in the greatest reduction in YSB infestation(deadhearts and whiteheads) and greatest increase of yield compared to the untreated control plots, followed by methoxyfenozide 24% SC at 0.41 L/hm^2, dinotefuran 20% SG at 0.15 kg/hm^2,carbufuran 5 G at 10.96 kg/hm^2, and quinalphos 25 EC at 1.50 L/hm^2. All the insecticides reduced the numbers of predators viz., lady bird beetles, wolf spiders, carabid beetles, earwigs, green mirid bugs, and damselflies. Numbers of adults of the egg parasitoids Trichogramma sp., Telenomus sp. and Tetrastichus sp. were significantly reduced in insecticide-treated plots compared to untreated control plots. In all field trials, the harmful effects of the five insecticides were in the following rank order(least harmful to most harmful): chlorantraniliprole 0.4% G, carbufuran 5 G, dinotefuran 20% SG, methoxyfenozide 24% SC,and quinalphos 25 EC. On the basis of reduction in YSB infestation, increase in grain yield, and compatibility with natural enemies, chlorantraniliprole 0.4% G was proved to be the best of all the insecticides for YSB management system, although the study suggested minimizing its retail price for enhancement of cost effectiveness in farmers' fields.

关键词： insecticide yellow stem borer natural enemy chlorantraniliprole rice yield

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Isolation and pathogenicity of fungi associated to ambrosia borer (Euplatypus segnis) found injuring pecan (Carya illinoensis) wood

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Agricultural Sciences 2012年第3期3卷 405-416页

作者： Ramón Alvidrez-Villarreal Francisco Daniel Hernández-Castillo Oswaldo Garcia-Martínez Rosalinda Mendoza-Villarreal Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera Cristóbal N. Aguilar Department of Agricultural Parasitology Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Saltillo México Department of Basic Sciences Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Saltillo México Department of Food Research School of Chemistry Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Saltillo México

Euplatypus segnis is an insect pest of economic importance in pecan (Carya illinoensis) trees grown at Parras, General Cepeda and Torreón Coahuila, Mexico. The objectives in this study-were to identify the fungal strains associated to ambrosia borer body and diseased pecan wood and determine their pathogenicity. The results showed that the associated fungi to Euplatypus segnis and damaging the pecan wood were identified as: Helminthosporium sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Phoma sp., Ascochyta sp., Phaecylomices sp., Umbeliopsis sp., Torula sp., Fusarium solani, Alternaria alternata, Fusarum oxysporum, and Lasiodiplodia theobromae. The pathogenicity tests on healthy 3 year old pecan trees cv. western using Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Alternaria alternata and Lasiodiplodia theobromae suspension conidia shown die back tree branches after 84 days inoculation. The insect in combination with the fungal invasion eventually cause the death of trees. Additionally, the insect contributes to the spread of fungi in pecan nut orchards.

关键词： Pathogenicity Pecan Nut Euplatypus segnis Ambrosia borer Carya illinoensis

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Nature of Gene Action and Maternal Effects for Pod borer, Helicoverpa armigeraResistance and Grain Yield in Chickpea, Cicer arietinum

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第1期4卷 26-37页

作者： Vummadisetty Lakshmi Narayanamma Cholenehalli L. L. Gowda Manda Sriramulu Mohammad A. Ghaffar Hari C. Sharma Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University Hyderabad India International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Patancheru India

Information on mechanisms and inheritance of resistance is critical to plan an effective strategy to breed for resistance to insect pests. Therefore, we evaluated a diverse array of chickpea genotypes (eight desi and one kabuli) with varying levels of resistance to the pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera to gain an understanding of the nature of gene action and possible maternal effects. The test genotypes were crossed in all possible combinations for a full diallel. The 72 F1s (36 direct and 36 reciprocal crosses) along with the parents were evaluated for resistance to H. armigera under field conditions, and for antibiosis mechanism of resistance (larval survival and larval weight gain) by using detached leaf assay under laboratory conditions, and grain yield under un-protected conditions in the field. Additive gene action governed the inheritance of resistance to H. armigera, while non-additive type of gene action was predominant for inheritance of antibiosis component of resistance (larval survival and larval weight) and grain yield. Greater magnitude of σ2 A(17.39 and 1.42) than σ2 D (3.93 and 1.21) indicated the preponderance of σ2 Ain inheritance of resistance to pod borer, H. armigera under laboratory and field conditions, respectively. There were no maternal effects for inheritance of resistance to pod borer and grain yield. Lines with significant gca effects for pod borer damage and grain yield were identified for further use in the resistance breeding program. The implications of the inheritance pattern of pod borer resistance and grain yield are discussed in the context of strategies to enhance pod borer resistance and grain yield in chickpea.

关键词： Chickpea Pod borer Helicoverpa armigera Gene Action Antibiosis Maternal Effects Combining Ability Inheritance of Resistance

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Effect of Intercropping Pattern on Stem borer Infestation in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucumL.) Grown in the Nigerian Sudan Savannah

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Advances in Entomology 2014年第2期2卷 81-86页

作者： M. M. Degri D. M. Mailafiya J. S. Mshelia Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Federal University Kashere Gombe Nigeria Department of Crop Protection Faculty of Agriculture University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria

Fields experiments were conducted at the Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maiduguri Teaching and Research Farm, Maiduguri during 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons to investigate the effects of intercropping pattern on stem borer pest infestation in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) intercropped with ground nut (Arachis hypogea L.). A split-plot design was used to test the intercrop pattern of 1:0 ratio (sole millet), 1:1 ratio (1 millet row to 1 ground nut row), 2:1 ratio (2 millet rows to 1 ground nut row) and 1:2 ratio (1 millet row to 2 ground nut rows). The results obtained showed that the intercrop pattern of 1:2 ratio and 1:1 ratio yielded less stem borer infestation and abundance in pearl millet, and as well supported high panicle weight and grain yield. In addition to recommending either of these two intercropping patterns to pearl millet farmers for more effective stem borer pest management, results further show the need for identification of effective intercropping patterns in other cropping systems.

关键词： Pearl Millet Stem borer Intercropping Sudan Savannah

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Major Chemical Synthesis Methods and Application Progress of Sex Pheromone of Asian Corn borer

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2020年第1期11卷 17-21页

作者： Jiang Zhongping Li Jintao Wang Yingxiu Zhang Zuoshan Liu Qinsheng Wang Xia Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pesticide Shandong Academy of Pesticide SciencesJinan 250033China

This article reviews the main chemical synthesis methods of sex pheromone of Asian corn borer, common strategies for constructing dou-ble bond, molecular composition and field application progress of sex pheromone of ... 详细信息

关键词： Asian corn borer Sex pheromone Chemical synthesis Application

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Linking tree growth rate, damage repair, and susceptibility to a genus-specific pest infestation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1935-1941页

作者： Kayla N.Boyes Kathryn G.Hietala-Henschell Alexander P.Barton Andrew J.Storer Jordan M.Marshall Department of Biology Purdue University Fort WayneFort WayneIN 46805USA School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA

Pest preference and subsequent susceptibility of a host individual is likely related to previous growth patterns in that *** ash borer(Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire)is a pestiferous beetle introduced to North America from *** all species of ash are susceptible to attack,some individual trees appear to survive *** selected ash trees in southeastern Michigan,collected cores and categorized trees as high tolerance to emerald ash borer attack(high overall health,low crown dieback),low tolerance(low overall health,high crown dieback)and intermediate tolerance(in-between the other categories).We artificially wounded trees and measured wound closure after 3 *** width indices were not correlated between high and low tolerance *** slopes comparing growth and years were significantly different between the three tolerance categories,with high tolerance trees having the steepest *** closure was greatest in high tolerance *** tolerance trees demonstrating more rapid(steeper regression slope),consistent(lower variance),and effective(greater wound closure)*** vigorously growing trees likely had more capacity to repair damage caused by emerald ash borer,leading to healthier trees in our *** previous host growth patterns to health may have implications related to identifying individual trees potentially tolerant to attack.

关键词： Agrilus Ash Dendrochronology Emerald ash borer Fraxinus Invasive species

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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated PBP1 and PBP3 mutagenesis induced significant reduction in electrophysiological response to sex pheromones in male Chilo suppressalis

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 388-399页

作者： Xiao-Tong Dong Hui Liao Guan-Heng Zhu Sajjad Ali Khuhro Zhan-Feng Ye Qi Yan Shuang-Lin Dong College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests Ministry of Education Nanjing China

Pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs) are thought to bind and transport sex pheromones onto the olfactory receptors on the dendrite membrane of olfactory neurons, and thus play a vital role in sex pheromone perception. However, the function of PBPs has rarely been demonstrated in *** this study, two PBPs (PBP1 and PBP3) of Chilo suppressalis, one of the most notorious pyralid pests, were in vivo functionally characterized using insects with the PBP gene knocked out by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. First, through direct injection of PBP-single guide RNA (sgRNA)/Cas9 messenger RNA into newly laid eggs, a high rate of target-gene editing (checked with polled eggs) was induced at 24 h after injection, 21.3% for PBPl-sgRNA injected eggs and 19.5% for PBP3-sgRNA injected eggs. Second, by an in-crossing strategy, insects with mutant PBP1 or PBP3 (both with a premature stop codon) were screened and homozygous mutants were obtained in the G3 generation. Third, the mutant insects were measured for electroantennogram (EAG) response to female sex pheromones. As a result, both PBP mutant males displayed significant reduction in EAG response, and this reduction in PBP1 mutants was higher than that in PBP3 mutants, indicating a more important role of PBP1. Finally, the relative importance of two PBPs and the possible off target effect induced by sgRNA-injection are discussed. Taken together, our study provides a deeper insight into the function of and interaction between different PBP genes in sex pheromone perception of C. suppressalis, as well as a valuable reference in methodology for gene functional study in other genes and other moth species.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 system electroantennogram pheromone binding protein sex pheromone striped stem borer

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Feeding effects of dsNPF interference in Ostrinia furnacalis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第6期19卷 1475-1481页

作者： CUI Hong-ying WANG Yuan PENG Xin WANG Yi-tong ZHAO Zhang-wu Department of Entomology/MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China

The com borer is a world-wide agricultural *** this study,a high-efficiency RNAi method was explored to knock down the neuropeptide F(NPF)to determine if NPF regulates larval feeding in the Asian corn borer,Ostrinia *** showed that the expression peaks of npfmRNA in both midgut and fat body are at 28 h of early 5th instar *** NPF was kno eked dow n either by feedi ng dsNPF-c ontaining artificial diet or direct dsNPF in jection into the 5th in star larvae,npf expression was effectively inhibited in the *** feeding,body weight and development time were significantly *** con trast,the expressi on of the npf receptors npfrl and npfr2 in fat body of 5th in star larvae was sign ifica ntly increased by dsNPF *** results indicate that NPF can be effectively knoeked down in ***,and dsNPF by injection is an effective and fast way to silence npf *** study provides a critical basis for further exploration in mechanism of feeding regulation in ***.

关键词： neuropeptide NPF NPFR feeding regulation Asian corn borer

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A View of Diel Variation of Maize Odorscape

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第6期5卷 811-820页

作者： Ene Leppik Toomas Tammaru Brigitte Frérot French National Institute for Agricultural Research Versailles Cedex France University of Tartu Tartu Estonia

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by host plants attract gravid European corn borer (ECB) female moths for oviposition. Despite extensive studies, little is known about VOCs emitted by maize under natural conditions or the odorscape of a maize field, particularly at the time of ECB oviposition. Here, we characterized VOCs released by undamaged maize plants and VOCs in the maize field odorscape. VOCs were collected throughout the diel cycle with solid-phase microextraction fibres. VOCs were identified by GC-MS and quantified with calibration curves. Four replicates per time period were collected;i.e., dusk, night, dawn, and day. VOC patterns differed between the maize plants and the maize field odorscape throughout the diel cycle. At night, the period of ECB oviposition, the VOC pattern was characterized by an increase in monoterpenes, a decrease in sesquiterpenes, and the presence of methyl salicylate, α-copaene, and Z-3-hexenyl acetate. An apparent discrepancy between maize plant and field odorscape VOC compositions was observed. Key compounds were identified as putative host-cues, including methyl salicylate, α-pinene, 3-carene, p-cymene, limonene, and dimethyl nonatriene. This study showed that VOCs were released by maize in a diel pattern, and host-characteristic cues were present for nocturnal ECB oviposition.

关键词： European Corn borer Oviposition GC-MS SPME Maize Pest VOCs Field Odorscape

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Occurrence, Prevention and Control of Cryphalus eriobotryae, a New Devastating Pest of Loquat

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2019年第3期10卷 11-13页

作者： Li Haoyu Yang Daqiang Cai Ping Xu Chunming Dongshan Agricultural and Forestry Service Station Suzhou 215107 China Gold Mantis School of Architecture Suzhou University Suzhou 215123 China Suzhou Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Areas Suzhou 215128 China

A devastating trunk beetle has been found in Baisha loquat in Dongshan Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City in recent years. It is iden-tified as a new insect species, Cryphalus eriobotryae, belonging to Scolytinae, Curculionidae, Coleoptera. So far, loquat is known as the unique host of C. eriobotryae, and trees of 20-30 years old or 3-4 years old are all attacked by the insect. Holes drilled by adults with the diameter of about0.8 mm and sores(ate by adults) with the diameter of 1 mm are found on bark and trunk of damaged trees. Three-dimensional channels in 3-4 layers are formed in cortex, which are filled with insect dung. The phloem turns black-brown in late stage, and loses transport function, resulting in plant death and a great impact on loquat production and industrial development. During the occurrence period of C. eriobotryae from April to November,the damaged trunks and branches should be sprayed with 48% chlorpyrifos EC or 5% imidacloprid EC 100 times dilution once every 10 d for con-tinuous 2-3 times, and various states of the insect could be killed. If the phloem is damaged in the early and middle stages and does not turn black and brown completely, the plant could grow new cortex to realize recovery.

关键词： Cryphalus eriobotryae Trunk borer Loquat

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