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Paleoenvironmental reconstruction and organic matter accumulation of the paleogene shahejie oil shale in the Zhanhua Sag, bohai bay basin, Eastern China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1552-1568页

作者： Xiao-Lin Wang Xiao-Min Zhu Jin Lai Xing-Yue Lin Xiang Wang Yu-Shan Du Chao Huang Yu-Rui Zhu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China Shengli Oilfield SINOPECDongying257000ShandongChina

The controlling factors of organic-rich shale accumulation is essential for the exploration and development of shale oil and gas *** sedimentary environment plays a vital role in the formation of organic-rich sediments in lacustrine *** article unravels the mineralogy,geochemistry,and paleoenvironmental evolution during the deposition of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation(Es_(3)^(L)).It discusses the effects of paleoclimate,paleosalinity,paleoredox conditions,paleowater depth,and paleoproductivity on organic matter(OM)***,the OM enrichment model was *** results show that the mineralogical compositions are mainly composed of calcite(avg.40.13%),quartz(avg.21.64%)and clay minerals(avg.24.07%),accompanied by dolomite(avg.7.07%),feldspar(avg.6.36%)and pyrite(avg.2.95%).The Es_(3)^(L) shale has a high abundance of OM,with total organic carbon(TOC)ranging from 1.07%to 5.12%.The organic matter type is mainly composed of type I-II_(1) kerogen,which is generally considered a good-quality source *** source of OM is a mixture of lower bacteria,algae,and *** the early sedimentary period,the paleoclimate was dry and cold,with high salinity,intense reducibility,and relatively low *** the late sedimentary period,the climate became warmer and more *** a result,the salinity decreased to a level that was suitable for biological reproduction,and productivity increased gradually due to the input of terrigenous *** and paleoclimate determined the environment of the sedimentary period,in addition,paleoproductivity and paleoredox condition indicated the formation and preservation conditions of *** warm and humid climate,brackish water,suitable reduction conditions and high productivity are the favorable conditions for the generation and preservation of organic *** research results may have implications for the genetic mechanisms of organic matter *** will provide theoret

关键词： Elemental geochemical Paleoenvironment Organic matter accumulation Paleogene shahejie formation Zhanhua Sag bohai bay basin

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Conditions for the enrichment of karst hydrothermal resources in bohai bay basin

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 172-183页

作者： Pengwei Li Zhiliang He Zongquan Hu Ying Zhang Jianyun Feng Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing100083China SINOPEC Beijing100728China

Drilling for karst hydrothermal resources in eastern China has posed challenges,including disparities between the temperature and yield of geothermal *** is evident that relying solely on geothermal anomalies or indications of karst reservoirs is inadequate for the exploration of karst hydrothermal *** study seeks to elucidate the cause of geothermal sweet spots by analyzing the interplay between geothermal anomalies and karst reservoirs and the underlying geological conditions for karst hydrothermal *** findings include:(1)the bohai bay basin has been geologically favorable for the development of karst hydrothermal resources since the Mesozoic era;(2)the karst hydrothermal enrichment varies significantly between the basin’s margin and its *** the basin margin,the enrichment is largely driven by groundwater activity and faults,particularly where faults facilitate the upwelling of geothermal *** contrast,within the basin’s interior,karst hydrothermal resources are predominantly influenced by buried hills and are especially enriched in areas facilitating the discharge of deep geothermal waters.

关键词： Buried hill Karst hydrothermal resources Enrichment regularity bohai bay basin

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Hydrocarbon Charging and Accumulation Process of the Large Bozhong19-6 Condensate Gas Reservoirs in the Southwestern Bozhong Sub-basin,bohai bay basin,China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 613-630页

作者： Quanyun Miao Changgui Xu Fang Hao Minjunshi Xie Qi Wang Jie Yin Huayao Zou General Prospecting Institute of China National Administration of Coal Geology Beijing100039China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Tianjin Branch of China National Offshore Oil Company Ltd. Tianjin300452China School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdao266580China School of Geosciences Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China

The Bozhong19-6(BZ19-6)condensate gas reservoirs,located in the southwestern Bozhong sub-basin,bohai bay basin,China,were paleo-oil reservoirs in the geological past and have undergone at least three successive hydrocarbon charging *** hydrocarbon migration and accumulation process of“early oil and late gas”has occurred in the current *** the end of the sedimentation of the Guantao Formation(N_(1)g,∼12 Ma),the reservoirs began to fill with first stage low-moderate mature crude *** the late stage of the Lower Minghuazhen Formation(N_(1)ml)(∼6.7 Ma),the reservoirs were largely charged with second stage high mature crude *** the deposition of the upper Minghuazhen Formation(N_(2)m^(u),∼5.1 Ma),the paleo-oil reservoirs were transformed into shallow Neogene reservoirs due to the reactivation of basement *** the late stage of the N_(2)m^(u)to the present day(∼2.8–0 Ma),the reservoirs were rapidly filled by natural gas within a short *** addition,analysis of the formation of the reservoir bitumen and the conspicuous loss of the lower molecular weight n-alkanes in the crude oil reveal that the injection of a large amount of gas in the late stage caused gas flushing of the early charged oil.

关键词： bohai bay basin BZ19-6 condensate gas reservoirs fluid inclusions hydrocarbon charging and accumulation petroleum geology

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Ultra-deep carbonate basement reservoirs formed by polyphase fracture-related karstification in the Offshore bohai bay basin, China

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Petroleum Science 2023年第4期20卷 2009-2025页

作者： Jian Luo Hai-Yang Cao Domenico Chiarell Ru-Lin Miao Tao Ye Yun-Long Xu An-Qing Chen Xiao-Ping Luo State Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploration(Chengdu University of Technology) ChengduSichuan610059China Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications MNR&Institute of Sedimentary GeologyChengdu University of TechnologyChengduSichuan610059China Department of Earth Sciences Royal Holloway University of LondonSurreyTW200EXUnited Kingdom Tianjin Branch of China National Offshore Oil Company Ltd. Tianjin300452China Exploration and Development Research Institute Zhongyuan Oilfield CompanySINOPECPuyangHenan457001China

The Palaeozoic carbonate basement of the Offshore bohai bay basin (OBBB) presents considerable potential for hydrocarbon exploration. However, the multistage tectonism and complex superimposed palaeo-karstification in the area are unclear, which leads to a lack of understanding on the formation mechanism and distribution of the deep carbonate basement reservoirs. In this study, the occurrence of a fracture-vug network and its fillings in carbonate reservoirs were investigated based on borehole cores, thin sections, and image logs from the southwestern slope of the OBBB's Bozhong Sag. Then the diagenetic fluid properties of the carbonate matrix and fillings were analysed via the data of carbon, oxygen, and strontium isotopes, and major, rare elements from coring intervals. The results revealed that fracture-related karst reservoirs have lithologic selectivity inclined toward dolomite strata. The intersecting relationships, widths, and strikes of the fractures and the regional tectonic background indicate three structural fracture families: NW-, NNE-, and NNW- trending, related to the Indosinian, middle Yanshanian, and late Yanshanian orogeny, respectively. The Indosinian NW- and end-Mesozoic NNE-trending fractures produced by compressional tectonic stress mainly contributed to the formation of the basement reservoirs. The geochemistry of the calcite veins filling these fractures suggests two main types of diagenetic fluids. The fluid of autogenic recharge related to the earlier fills is karstification diffuse flow dominated by internal runoff from rainfall in the highland setting of the Indosinian thrusting orogenic belt. The other fluid of allogenic recharge related to the later fills is the main lateral freshwater flow dominated by external runoff from the catchment in the setting of the horst-lowland within the rifting basin, induced by the Yanshanian destruction of the North China Craton. Finally, the relationship between the three fracture families and two kinds

关键词： Carbonate basement reservoirs Buried hill Diagenetic fluid Fracture system Karstification bohai bay basin

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Decipher hydrocarbon generation and accumulation based on fluid inclusion and chronology:A case study from the Upper Paleozoic buried-hills in Huanghua Depression,bohai bay basin

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Petroleum Science 2023年第4期20卷 1998-2008页

作者： Li-Hong Zhou Yong Li Feng-Ming Jin Jin-Feng Xie Xiu-Gang Pu Li-Xin Fu Da Lou Yang Tian PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company Tianjin300280China State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining and College of Geosciences and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing100083China

Deciphering hydrocarbon generation and accumulation stage is of significance to understand oil and gas evolution and seek exploration *** the Upper Paleozoic buried-hills in the Huanghua Depression,bohai bay basin,as a case study,hydrocarbon generation environment and detailed accumulation process are revealed by fluid inclusions observations,Laser Raman spectroscopy,Fourier Infrared spectroscopy,and K-Ar isotope *** results show that both oil and gas inclusion were captured in the quartz overgrowth,dissolved feldspar and calcite microfractures,showing blue to dark brown *** grains containing oil inclusions index(GOI)of oil,oil&gas and gas being 25%,65%,and 10%and the inclusions with abundant methyl groups and short chains,both indicate high thermal *** series of fluids inclusion is generally observed,evidenced by the concentrated homogenization temperature of 135-145℃ and salinity of 3%-15 w.t.%NaCl equiv,indicating one primary charging *** gas and gas&liquid inclusions mainly contain CH_(4),with also peaks indicating CO_(2) and N_(2.)The Carboniferous and Permian biomarkers show reducing environment with brackish water,with organic matter sources both from marine and *** relative content ofααα20RC_(27),ααα20RC_(28),andααα20RC_(29) exhibit source contributions both from algae and higher plants,and mainly of II2 to III *** coal derived gas and oil associated hydrocarbons are identified from most of the *** the fluid homogenization temperature and salinity,as well as the thermal evolution history,the hydrocarbon generated from the Upper Paleozoic was concentrated at the end of the Eocene(40 Ma±),while the beginning of charging is 60 Ma±.The Wumaying Buried-hill is of only coal derived gas and has potential for inner coal measure natural gas *** results provide a detailed understanding of hydrocarbon accumulations in the study area,which can also be reference for impro

关键词： Petroleum accumulation Buried hills K–Ar isotope Fluid inclusions Huanghua depression bohai bay basin

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Carbon isotopic compositions of mono-, di-, tri-aromatics provide insights into the source of sulfur-rich crude oils in the Huanghekou Depression, bohai bay basin

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Petroleum Science 2023年第2期20卷 753-768页

作者： Cong-Kai Niu Du-Jie Hou Xiong Cheng Xu Han School of Energy Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China Key Laboratory of Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism Ministry of EducationChina University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China

The stable carbon isotope compositions (δ13C) of individual aromatic hydrocarbons have been analyzed in sulfur-rich and sulfur-lean crude oils from the Huanghekou Depression, bohai bay basin. The δ13C values of individual aromatic hydrocarbons, including alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, alkylphenanthrenes, alkylfluorenes and alkyldibenzothiophenes, are reported. The main aims are to find out the origin of these oils and their relationship to paleoclimate. The distribution of aromatic hydrocarbons and maturity parameters show the oils all stay in the low-mature to mature stage. Meanwhile, aromatic hydrocarbons are mainly derived from the diagenetic/catagenetic origin. The δ13C values for 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (−30.7‰ to −28.8‰) and 1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene (−32.4‰ to −26.3‰) indicate the algae-derived organic matter for alkylbenzenes. Some isomers, such as 1,7-+1,3-+1,6-dimethylnaphthalene, 1,2,5-trimethylnaphthalene, 1,2,5,6-+1,2,3,5-tetramethylnaphthalene, 1,10-+1,3-+3,10-+3,9-dimethylphenanthrenes, 1,6-+2,9-+2,5-dimethylphenanthrenes and 4,9-+4,10-+1,9- dimethylphenanthrenes show isotopic depletion (−34.9‰ to −25.2‰), indicating the major contribution of algae for these compounds. Meanwhile, isotopically depleted (−33.6‰ to −26.7‰) alkyldibenzothiophenes represent the algae input. δ13C values for mainly algae-derived naphthalene to trimethylnaphthalenes of sulfur-rich oils are more enriched than those of sulfur-lean oil, with the most significant difference of 4.4‰, indicating that the aridity of the environment and stratified water column result in the enrichment in 13C.

关键词： Carbon isotopes Aromatic hydrocarbons Sulfur-rich oils Huanghekou depression bohai bay basin

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Middle Eocene terrestrial paleoweathering and climate evolution in the midlatitude bohai bay basin of eastern China

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Petroleum Science 2023年第3期20卷 1471-1487页

作者： Di Chen Fu-jie Jiang Xiong-Qi Pang Ling-Jian Meng Zheng-Jun Wang Zhi Xu Xue Zhang Li-Na Huo Jia-Hao Wen Ren-jie zhao Yuan Li State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting Beijing102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Bejing)Beijing102249China Petro China Jidong Oilfeld Company TangshanHebei063004China Chinese Academy of Natural Resources Economics Bejing100035China

The middle Eocene climatic optimum(MECO,ca.-42 Ma)is a key time period for understanding Cenozoic cooling of the global ***,midlatitude terrestrial records of climate evolution during MEcO epoch are *** this study,continuous high-resolution record of shale sediments in mid-Eocene Shahejie Formation(MES shales)in the bohai bay basin were performed with major-element and wavelet *** midlatitude paleoweathering and paleoclimatic evolution during MEcO epoch were analyzed in this *** MES shales experienced weak-moderate paleoweathering under a subtropical monsoon paleoclimate with mean annual temperature of 8.3-12.9℃ and mean annual precipitation of 685-1100 mm/*** MES shales record a mixed provenance involving intermediate igneous rocks,and low compositional *** nutrient-rich environment led to enrichment in organic matter in the MES *** analysis revealed good periodicity about the paleoclimate and weathering during MECO *** the stage I of MES shales depositional process,the paleolake was high in nutrients,and the MES shales experienced high chemical weathering due to a relatively warmer and more humid *** contrast,the climate in stage II was relatively cold and dry,and the maturity of the MES shales was relatively high during this stage,suggesting a relatively stable tectonic *** work provides more terrestrial records of MEco epoch for midlatitude region,and is benefit for better understanding of the palaeoenvironment when MES shales *** implication of organic matters enrichment in this study is meaningful for the shale oil/gas exploration in Nanpu Sag.

关键词： Middle Eocene Paleoclimate Weathering MES shales bohai bay basin

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Evolution characteristics and exploration targets of Permian clastic rock reservoirs in bohai bay basin,East China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2023年第5期50卷 1077-1091页

作者： CAO Yingchang SUN Peipei ZHOU Lihong YUAN Guanghui LIU Huimin LOU Da WU Zhiping JIN Qiang JIANG Youlu National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Evaluation and Exploration Technology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company Tianjin 300280China Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company Dongying 257001China

Based on core observation, thin section examination, fluid inclusions analysis, carbon and oxygen isotopic composition analysis, and other approaches, the structural and burial evolution histories were investigated, and the diagenetic evolution process and genetic/development models were systematically discussed of the Upper Paleozoic Permian clastic rock reservoirs in the bohai bay basin, East China. The bohai bay basin underwent three stages of burial and two stages of uplifting in the Upper Paleozoic. Consequently, three stages of acid dissolution generated by the thermal evolution of kerogen, and two stages of meteoric freshwater leaching occurred. Dissolution in deeply buried, nearly closed diagenetic system was associated with the precipitation of authigenic clay and quartz, leading to a limited increase in storage space. Different structural uplifting–subsidence processes of tectonic zones resulted in varying diagenetic–reservoir-forming processes of the Permian clastic reservoirs. Three genetic models of reservoirs are recognized. The Model I reservoirs with pores formed in shallow strata and buried in shallow to medium strata underwent two stages of exposure to long-term open environment and two stages of meteoric freshwater leaching to enhance pores near the surface, and were shallowly buried in the late stage, exhibiting the dominance of secondary pores and the best physical properties. The Model Ⅱ reservoirs with pores formed in shallow strata and preserved due to modification after deep burial experienced an early exposure-open to late burial-closed environment, where pore types were modified due to dissolution, exhibiting the dominance of numerous secondary solution pores in feldspar and the physical properties inferior to Model I. The Model Ⅲ reservoirs with pores formed after being regulated after multiple periods of burial and dissolution experienced a dissolution of acidic fluids of organic origin under a near-closed to closed environment, exhibiti

关键词： bohai bay basin Permian clastic rock diagenetic evolution reservoir-forming mechanism secondary pore

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Sedimentary characteristics of lacustrine deep-water gravity flow in the third member of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Dongying Sag,bohai bay basin,China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第2期17卷 487-504页

作者： Yuanpei ZHANG Chuanhua LI Xuecai ZHANG Xuqing FANG Yong WANG Jinliang ZHANG Jun XIE Jinkai WANG College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Co. Dongying 257000China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Many types of sedimentary systems occur in the middle of the third member of the Shahejie Formation(E_(2)S_(3)^(2))of the Paleogene in the Dongying Sag east of the bohai bay *** to the topography and material supply,traction and gravity flow depositions are intertwined in this area,and the sand body types are complex and diverse,making it challenging to improve the accuracy of their description and prediction and restricting oil reservoir exploration and ***,this paper documents our systematic study of the sedimentary characteristics of the southern slope of Dongying Depression,the formation mechanism of different sand body types,and the prediction of sand body ***,according to the coring well’s single-well facies and vertical rock sequence,nine single lithofacies types and five lithofacies association types were *** with the well logging facies marks of all wells,the depositional models of delta and gravity flow depositional systems were established in the study ***,the gravity flow was divided into slip,collapse,debris flow,and turbidity flow according to its development ***,the distribution law of the gravity flow sedimentary facies type was *** flow sliding deposits are primarily distributed near the delta front,slump and clastic flow deposits are distributed near the far slope,and turbidity current deposits are distributed at the far *** the gradual shrinkage of the water body in the north-west direction and the continuous advancement of the river delta,the gravity flow sand body gradually disappears in the late E_(2)S_(3)^(2) and transits to delta plain deposition.

关键词： Dongying Sag gravity flow sedimentary characteristics bohai bay basin

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Depositional Environment and Lithofacies Analyses of Eocene Lacustrine Shale in the bohai bay basin:Insights from Mineralogy and Elemental Geochemistry

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第2期97卷 589-609页

作者： Danish KHAN LIANG Chao QIU Longwei Kamran MIRZA WANG Yelei Muhammad KASHIF Saif Ur REHMAN WANG Yuzhe TENG Jianbin State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdaoShandong 266580China Institute of Geology University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan Department of Earth Sciences University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan Shengli Oil Field DongyingShandong 257015China

The effect of various depositional parameters including paleoclimate,paleosalinity and provenance,on the depositional mechanism of lacustrine shale is very important in reconstructing the depositional *** classification of shale lithofacies and the interpretation of shale depositional environment are key features used in shale oil and gas exploration and development *** lower 3rd member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation(Es_(3)^(x)shale)was selected for this study,as one of the main prospective intervals for shale oil exploration and development in the intracratonic bohai bay ***,it is composed of quartz(avg.9.6%),calcite(avg.58.5%),dolomite(avg.7%),pyrite(avg.3.3%)and clay minerals(avg.20%).An advanced methodology(thin-section petrography,total organic carbon and total organic sulfur contents analysis,X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray fluorescence(XRF),field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM))was adopted to establish shale lithofacies and to interpret the depositional environment in the lacustrine *** different types of lithofacies were recognized,based on mineral composition,total organic carbon(TOC)content and sedimentary *** inorganic geochemical proxies(Rb/Sr,Ca/(Ca+Fe),Ti/Al,Al/Ca,Al/Ti,Zr/Rb)have been used to interpret and screen variations in depositional environmental parameters during the deposition of the Es_(3)^(x)*** experimental results indicate that the environment during the deposition of the Es_(3)^(x)shale was warm and humid with heightened salinities,moderate to limited detrital input,higher paleohydrodynamic settings and strong oxygen deficient(reducing)conditions.A comprehensive depositional model of the lacustrine shale was *** interpretations deduced from this research work are expected to not only expand the knowledge of shale lithofacies classification for lacustrine fine-grained rocks,but can also offer a theoretical foundation for lacustrine shale oil explorati

关键词： shale lithofacies shale mineralogy elemental geochemistry depositional environment Shahejie Formation bohai bay basin

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