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Developing a New Security Framework for bluetooth low energy Devices

Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第5期59卷 457-471页

作者： Qiaoyang Zhang Zhiyao Liang Zhiping Cai Macao University of Science and Technology Macao National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073China

Wearable devices are becoming more popular in our daily *** are usually used to monitor health status,track fitness data,or even do medical tests,*** the wearable devices can obtain a lot of personal data,their security issues are very *** by the consideration that the current pairing mechanisms of bluetooth low energy(BLE)are commonly impractical or insecure for many BLE based wearable devices nowadays,we design and implement a security framework in order to protect the communication between these *** security framework is a supplement to the bluetooth pairing mechanisms and is compatible with all BLE based wearable *** framework is a module between the application layer and the GATT(Generic Attribute Profile)layer in the BLE architecture *** the framework starts,a client and a server can automatically and securely establish shared fresh keys following a designed protocol;the services of encrypting and decrypting messages are provided to the applications conveniently by two functions;application data are securely transmitted following another protocol using the generated *** principles are followed by the design of the framework for security *** can protect BLE based wearable devices from replay attacks,Man-in-The-Middle attacks,data tampering,and passive *** conduct experiments to show that the framework can be conveniently deployed with practical operational cost of power *** protocols in this framework have been formally verified that the designed security goals are satisfied.

关键词： bluetooth low energy security privacy protocol wearable devices Internet of Things

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Accurate Analysis on bluetooth low energy Neighbor Discovery

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2020年第12期8卷 231-250页

作者： Ting-Chao Hou Kuo-Chang Huang Department of Communications Engineering National Chung Cheng University Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chung Cheng University Taiwan

The basic concept of bluetooth low energy (BLE) is short packet transmission and transient connection. It can quickly establish a connection, send data, and quickly disconnect, so that neighbor discovery is frequent and becomes an important issue. In the neighbor discovery which includes advertising and scanning, the BLE specification defines several important parameters. The parameters on the advertiser side include advertising interval, advertising duration, etc. On the scanner side, there are scan interval, scan window, etc. How to configure these parameters for quick neighbor discovery has been troublesome for BLE implementers. Prior analyses on BLE discovery process also showed some disagreements or made some incorrect assumptions. In this paper, we use rigorous probability-theory based derivations to obtain different kinds of successful discovery probabilities. We clarify disagreements in prior works and also provide insights on how to configure parameters for maximizing discovery probability. In particular, we prove that the discovery probabilities on each of the three channels are correlated. We also find that, when the advertising duration is set close to some multiples of the scan interval, an ill-fated synchronization problem will occur. To have a high discovery probability, both scan window and scan interval should be set at a large value, though it might not be good for energy saving.

关键词： bluetooth low energy Advertising Interval Advertising Duration Advertising Event Scan Interval Scan Window Neighbor Discovery Ill-Fated Synchronization

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Real Time Vehicle Status Monitoring under Moving Conditions Using a low Power IoT System

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Journal on Internet of Things 2022年第4期4卷 235-261页

作者： M.Vlachos R.Lopardo A.Amditis Institute of Communication and Computer Systems AthensGreece AIMEN Centre Technologic PontevedraSpain

In the era of the Internet of Things(IoT),the ever-increasing number of devices connected to the IoT networks also increases the energy consumption on the *** is prohibitive since the devices living on the edge are generally resource constrained devices in terms of energy consumption and computational ***,trying to tackle this issue,in this paper,a fully automated end-to-end IoT system for real time monitoring of the status of a moving vehicle is *** IoT system consists mainly of three components:(1)the ultra-lowpower consumptionWireless SensorNode(WSN),(2)the IoT gateway and(3)the IoT *** this scope,a selfpoweredWSN having ultra-low energy consumption(less than 10 mJ),which can be produced by environmental harvesting systems,is *** is used for collecting sensors’measurements from the vehicle and transmitting them to the IoT gateway,by exploiting a low energy communication protocol(i.e.,BLE).A powerful IoT gateway gathers the sensors’measurements,harmonizes,stores temporary and transmits them wirelessly,to a backend server(i.e.,LTE).And finally,the IoT platform,which in essence is a web application user interface(UI),used mainly for almost real time visualization of sensors’measurements,but also for sending alerts and control signals to enable actuators,installed in the vehicle near to the sensors *** proposed system is scalable and it can be adopted for monitoring a large number of vehicles,thus providing a fully automatic IoT solution for vehicle fleet ***,it can be extended for simultaneous monitoring of additional parameters,supporting other low energy communication protocols and producing various kinds of alerts and control signals.

关键词： Internet of things wireless sensor node IoT gateway IoT platform ultra-low energy vehicle fleet management MQTT EdgeXFoundry bluetooth low energy beacon

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