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Time-dependent effects of castration on the Bladder Function and histological changes in the bladder and blood vessels

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第3期16卷 457-460页

作者： Tomohiro Magari Yasuhiro Shibata Seiji Arai Bunzo Kashiwagi Keiji Suzuki Kazuhiro Suzuki Department of Urology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Maebashi Department of Urology Kurosawa Hospital Takasaki Department of Pathology Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences Maebashi Japan

We examined the effect of androgens on bladder blood flow （BBF）, Bladder Function and histological changes in castrated male rats. Male Wistar rats were classified into unoperated group （control group）, groups castrated at the age of 8weeks （group 8wPC） and groups castrated at the age of 4weeks （group 4wPC）. Each rat was used at the age of 20weeks. BBF was measured using fluorescent microspheres. bladder cystometry was performed without anesthesia or restraint; the bladder was first irrigated with saline and then with 0.25% acetic acid （AA） solution. Maximum voiding pressure and voiding interval were measured. The bladder and lilac artery were histologically examined for differences in smooth muscle and quantity of collagen fiber to analyze the effect of castration on the smooth muscle content. No differences were noted in BBF following castration. The voiding intervals for all groups were shortened （P 〈 0.001） following AA irrigation. No significant difference was noted in the maximum voiding pressure. Histological changes were observed in bladder and lilac artery. Smooth muscle/collagen ratio at the bladder was lower in groups 8wPC and 4wPC compared to the control group （P 〈 0.01）, while that at the lilac artery was decreased in group 4wPC compared to the control group （P〈 0.001）. In conclusion, our findings indicate that castration does not alter BBF, but leads to histological changes in the bladder as well as its associated blood vessels.

关键词： bladder blood flow Bladder Function castration fluorescent microsphere method histological changes smooth muscle/collagen ratio

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Work Capacity of the bladder During Voiding： A Novel Method to Evaluate bladder Contractile function and bladder Outlet Obstruction

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第24期128卷 3329-3334页

作者： Ning Liu Li-Bo Man Feng He Guang-Lin Huang Ning Zhou Xiao-Fei Zhu Department of Urology Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035 China

Background： Work in voiding （WIV） of the bladder may be used to evaluate bladder status throughout urination rather than at a single time point. Few studies, however, have assessed WIV owing to the complexity of its calculations. We have developed a method of calculating work capacity of the bladder while voiding and analyzed the associations of bladder work parameters with bladder contractile function and bladder outlet obstruction （BOO）. Methods： The study retrospectively evaluated 160 men and 23 women, aged 〉40 years and with a detrusor pressure at maximal flow rate （PdetQmax） of ≥40 cmH2O in men, who underwent urodynamic testing. The bladder power integration method was used to calculate WIV; WIV per second （WIV/t） and WIV per liter of urine voided （WIV/v） were also calculated. In men, the relationships between these work capacity parameters and PdetQmax and Abrams-Griffiths （AG） number were determined using linear-by-linear association tests, and relationships between work capacity parameters and BOO grade were investigated using Spearman＇s association test. Results： The mean WIV was 1.15 ± 0.78 J and 1.30 ± 0.88 J, mean WIV/t was 22.95 ± 14,45 mW and 23.78 ± 17.02 mW, and mean WIV/v was 5.59 ± 2.32 J/L and 2.83 ± 1.87 J/L in men and women, respectively. In men, WIV/v showed significant positive associations with PdetQmax （r = 0.845, P = 0.000）, AG number （r = 0.814, P = 0.000）, and Schafer class （r = 0.726, P = 0.000）. Conversely, WIV and WIV/t showed no associations with PdetQmax or AG number. In patients with BOO （Schafer class 〉 II）, WIV/v correlated positively with increasing BOO grade. Conclusions： WIV can be calculated from simple urodynamic parameters using the bladder power integration method. WIV/v may be a marker of BOO grade, and the bladder contractile function can be evaluated by WIV and WIV/t.

关键词： Bladder Function bladder Outlet Obstruction Urodynamics Work in Voiding

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Evaluation of pelvic visceral functions after modified nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第4期127卷 696-701页

作者： Wang Wenwen Li Bin Zuo Jing Zhang Gongyi Yang Yeduo Zeng Hongmei Li Xiaoguang Department of Gynecologic Oncology Cancer Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100021 China National Office for Cancer Prevention and Control Cancer Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100021 China

Background Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy （NSRH） was developed in an attempt to minimize complications after radical hysterectomy.Since 2008,a modified NSRH-nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy （NPSRH） has been developed at the Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.The aim of this study was to investigate the role of NPSRH in improving postoperative pelvic visceral dysfunctions.Methods Eighty-three patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics （FIGO） stage IB1-IIA2 cervical cancer received NPSRH （the study group） from January 2008 to October 2012.One hundred and sixty-six patients who underwent conventional radical hysterectomy （CRH） were randomly selected as the control group.Age,pathological type and stage were matched between the two groups.The safety of surgery was assessed by duration of operation and blood transfusion rate.Postoperative short-term Bladder Function was analyzed by duration of catheterization.Long-term bladder,anorectal and sexual function were evaluated with questionnaires.Results Seventy-eight patients （94.0%） in the NPSRH group and one hundred and sixty patients （96.4%） in the CRH group completed the study.Median follow-up time was 31.9 months and 31.0 months respectively （P=0.708）.There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age,body mass index,FIGO stage,pathologic type,preoperative and postoperative therapy （P 〉0.05）.The blood transfusion rate shared no difference between two groups （P=0.364）.The operation time in the NPSRH group was significantly longer than CRH group （P 〈0.01）.But the duration of catheterization and hospitalization in the NPSRH group was significantly reduced compared with CRH group （P 〈0.01）.In addition,the incidence of long-term urinary frequency,urinary incontinence,urinary retention,straining to void,constipation and diarrhea was significantly lower in the NPSRH group （P 〈0.05）.However,there was no significant difference regarding sexual function （P 〉0.05）.Conclusions The current evidence indica

关键词： cervical neoplasm nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy modification Bladder Function anorectal function sexual function

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The aging bladder insights from animal models

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Asian Journal of Urology 2018年第3期5卷 135-140页

作者： Lori A.Birder Aura F.Kullmann Christopher R.Chapple University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Department of PharmacologyPittsburghPAUSA University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Department of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA Department of Urology Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustSheffieldUK

Alterations in Bladder Function with aging are very common and are very likely to represent an increasing healthcare problem in the years to come with the general aging of the population.In this review the authors describe the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)and comment upon potential mechanisms which may be responsible for the increasing prevalence of lower LUTS with increasing age,based on laboratory studies.It is clear that there is a complex interplay between the various components of the neural innervation structure of the bladder in leading to changes with age,which are likely to underpin the LUTS which are seen in the aging bladder.

关键词： Lower urinary tract symptoms Aging Etiology of lower urinary tract symptoms Bladder Function

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Prolonged electrical stimulation causes no damage to sacral nerve roots in rabbits

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第12期9卷 1217-1221页

作者： Peng Yan Xiaohong Yang Xiaoyu Yang Weidong Zheng Yunbing Tan Jilin University People’s Hospital of Jilin Province

Previous studies have shown that, anode block electrical stimulation of the sacral nerve root can produce physiological urination and reconstruct urinary Bladder Function in rabbits. However, whether long-term anode block electrical stimulation causes damage to the sacral nerve root re- mains unclear, and needs further investigation. In this study, a complete spinal cord injury model was established in New Zealand white rabbits through T9_10 segment transection. Rabbits were given continuous electrical stimulation for a short period and then chronic stimulation for a longer period. Results showed that compared with normal rabbits, the structure of nerve cells in the anterior sacral nerve roots was unchanged in spinal cord injury rabbits after electrical stimu- lation. There was no significant difference in the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2. Experimental findings indicate that neurons in the rabbit sacral nerve roots tolerate electrical stimulation, even after long-term anode block electrical stimulation.

关键词： nerve regeneration spinal cord injury sacral nerve root electrical stimulation anodeblock spinal cord reconstruction Bladder Function nerve prosthesis neural regeneration

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Urodynamic Characteristics of Awake Rats under Retrained versusFreely Moving Condition：Using a Novel Model

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2016年第2期36卷 226-230页

作者：陈彪章慧平田渤臻袁红方叶章群黄骁燕 Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology wuhan 430030 China Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China Institute of Family Planning Research Center of Reproductive Medicine TongJi Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China Department of General Medicine Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China

Urodynamic investigation in conscious rats is widely employed to explore functional bladder disorders of various etiologies and pathogeneses. Rats can be placed in restraining cages or wide cabinets where they are allowed to move freely during cystometry. However, the requirements of special devices hampered the application of urodynamic test in freely moving rats, and whether the restraint has any effects on urodynamic parameters in conscious rats remains obscure. In the present study, we described a novel approach for urodynamic investigation in both restrained and freely moving conscious rats. In addition, we for the first time systematically compared the urodynamic parameters of rats in the two conditions. With the current method, we successfully recorded stable and repeatable intravesical pressure traces and collected expected reliable data, which supported the idea that the restraint does not affect the activity of the micturition reflex in rats, provided sufficient and appropriate measures could be applied during cystometry. Fewer technique problems were encountered during urodynamic examination in restrained rats than in freely moving ones. Taken together, conscious cystometry in rats placed in restraining cages with proper managements is a reliable and practical approach for evaluating the detrusor activity and Bladder Function.

关键词： urodynamics cystometry Bladder Function rat restraint

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Nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy： a simplified technique of nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy for invasive cervical cancer

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第12期124卷 1807-1812页

作者： LI Bin LI Wei SUN Yang-chun ZHANG Rong ZHANG Gong-yi YU Gao-zhi WU Ling-ying Department of Gynecologic Oncology Cancer Hospital PekingUnion Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100021 China

Background In order to simplify the complicated procedure of nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy, a novel technique characterized by integral preservation of the autonomic nerve plane has been employed for invasive cervical cancer. The objective of this study was to introduce the nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy technique and compare its efficacy and safety with that of nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy. Methods From September 2006 to August 2010, 73 consecutive patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB to IIA cervical cancer underwent radical hysterectomy with two different nerve-sparing approaches. Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy was performed for the first 16 patients （nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy group）. The detailed autenomic nerve structures were identified and separated by meticulous dissection during this procedure. After January 2008, the nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy procedure was developed and performed for the next 57 patients （nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy group）. During this modified procedure, the nerve plane （meso-ureter and its extens;ion） containing most of the autonomic nerve structures was integrally preserved. The patients＇ clinicopathologic characteristics, surgical parameters, and outcomes of postoperative Bladder Function were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences between the nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy and nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy groups regarding age, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, pathological type, preoperative treatment, or need for intraoperative blood transfusion. The nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy group had a higher body mass index than that of the nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy group （P=0.028）. The mean surgical duration in the nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy and nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy groups were （262_＋46） minutes and （341＋36） minutes （P 〈0.01）. On the 8th postoperative day, 41 （7

关键词： cervical cancer radical hysterectomy pelvic autonomic nerves pelvic nerve plane Bladder Function

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Spinal Cord Stimulation for Refractary Neuropathic Pain and Its Action on the Neurovegetative Systems

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2019年第9期12卷 443-450页

作者： Sara S.Pedrao Gabriela R.Lauretti Caio C.M.S.Matias Raquel de Oliveira Carlos A.F.Trindade School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

BACKGROUND: Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) has been used for chronic refractory pain, however its effectivity on neurovegetative systems has not been evaluated to data. OBJECTIVES: The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of SCS in patients suffering from refractory neuropathic pain, related to analgesia, quality of life and neurovegetative actions on the digestive and urinary tracts. Fifteen patients acted as their own control related to all evaluations. P function, as improved overall analgesia and decreased daily rescue analgesic (p function.

关键词： Spinal Cord Stimulation Bowel function Bladder Function Neurovegetative Actions

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