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Journal of Life Sciences 2016年第7期10卷 334-341页

作者： Yap Chin Ann Zehnder Jarroop, A.M. Research and Development Division Malaysian Pepper Board Lot 1115 Jalan Utama Pending Industrial Area 93916 Kuching Sarawak Malaysia

Persistence behavior of imidacloprid and beta-cyfluthrin in black pepper was studied following application of formulation of Solomon at 0.6 （recommended dose） and 1.2 （double recommended dose） g a.i./ha for one pepper production cycle. The results also showed that the Solomon at 0.6 mL/L concentration significantly suppressed the pest infestation in pepper vines. pepper vine treated with Solomon produce more berries compared to control and showed no phytotoxicity. Analytical procedure of Solomon active ingredient was validated prior to actual analysis. Satisfactory recoveries ranging between 87.6%-106.7% were obtained for the fortified pepper berries samples. Results showed low level of imidacloprid and beta-cyfluthrin residues in dried pepper berries ranging between 〈 0.01 mg/kg to 1.43 mg/kg and 〈 0.01 mg/kg to 1.612 mg/kg respectively. The half-life value period for imidacloprid were found to be 2.06 and 2.30 days and for beta-cyfluthrin, these values were observed to be 1.57 and 1.49 days respectively at recommended and double recommended dose. Imidacloprid and beta-cyfluthrin residue dissipated below the limit of quantification （LOQ） of 0.01 mg/kg after 7 and 9 days respectively at recommended and double recommended dose. Soil sample collected 15 days after the last spray did not show the present of Imidacloprid and beta-cyfluthrin residue at their detection limit of 0.01 mg/kg.

关键词： black pepper imidacloprid beta-cyfluthrin dissipation residue.

Determination of Nutrient Uptake Characteristic of black pepper （Piper nigrum L.）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第10期2卷 1091-1099页

作者： Yap Chin Ann Research and Development Division Malaysian Pepper Board Kuching 93916 Sarawak Malaysia

The relationship between the growth and nutrient uptake by perennial crop such as pepper is poorly understood and improved understanding of such relationship is important for the establishment of rational crop management practices. In order to characterize the growth performance and quantify the nutrient removed, this study presents results of three consecutive cropping years, fertilized with 1, 2 and 3 ton ha1 of NPK fertilizer respectively. Plant biomass accumulated was evaluated every two months, separating plant into stems, branches, leaves, berries, fruit spikes and flowers. Total biomass of pepper increased linearly and reach maximum at 22 months after planting. Thereafter, a decrease in dry matter was observed due to fruit export and fallen leaves at harvest. However, at the 28 months of planting, the biomass of pepper vine showing some increasing trend indicating the vegetative growth was reassumed for the next flowering. At 30 months, the pepper had removed 293.08 kg of nitrogen, 46.41 kg of phosphorus, 264.95 kg of potassium, 35.4 kg of magnesium and 74.82 kg of calcium. Based on data obtained, the nutrient uptake rates were lower than nutrient applied suggested that fertilizer had been overused for pepper production. In light of these results obtained, the optimum fertilizer dosage would be 62-10-62-6-18 kg/ha, 237-22-246-22-65 kg/ha and 390-62-352-47-100 kg/ha of N-P-K-Mg-Ca for the year 1, year 2 and year 3 of cropping year.

关键词： black pepper nutrient uptake nutrient removal growth performance biomass.

Low Pressure Cold Plasma as an Alternative Method for black pepper Sterilization

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Journal of Life Sciences 2014年第12期8卷 931-939页

作者： Maciej Grabowski Agnieszka Strzelczak Waldemar Dabrowski Department of Microbiology and Applied Bioteehnology West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczeein Szezecin 70-310Poland Department of Food Proeess Engineering West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szezeein Szczecin 70-310 Poland

It was found out that spices straight from the package are not sterile. The only way to receive sterile spices is to use radiation technology which means to irradiate spices with ionizing radiation. However, this method is quite expensive and raises great resistance of public. And this is the reason why we are interested in implementing plasma technology. The first step of the research was to choose the most appropriate spice. The range of available spices is nearly unlimited, however, we took into account the following ones： sweet paprika, basil, rosemary, saffron, marjoram, thyme and black pepper. Finally, we chose black pepper because it is most often used by butchers to make meat products. It is also called the ＂King of Spices＂ or the ＂black Gold＂. black pepper is one of the most often used spices in the United States and in Europe. It is important to have sterile black pepper when we aim at ripening products for example ripening sausages or some kinds of cheeses. What is more, it was found out that black pepper has antimicrobial properties, antioxidant effects and also antipyretic and analgesic properties. The aim of the research was to receive sterile spices using low pressure cold plasma with oxygen, nitrogen, air, argon and hydrogen peroxide.

关键词： black pepper cold plasma sterilization

Spectroscopic Investigation of black pepper （Piper nigrum L.）

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2011年第2期1卷 118-123页

作者： Sarmah Pathak Jumisree Gohain Barua Anurup Department of Physics Gauhati University Guwahati 781014 India

black pepper （Piper nigrum L.） is an extensively used medicinal plant in Ayurvedic medicine since ancient times. Here we present Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） and Fourier transform Raman （FT-Raman） spectra of black pepper powder, which reveal the presence of some specific functional groups, attributed to the different vibrational bands present. Through the assignment of the vibrational bands, black pepper is shown to have enough carboxyl dimer character, a feature that could make it effective in the treatment of the deadly disease vitiligo. Mineral composition reported with the help of XRF spectra strengthens this.

关键词： black pepper FT-IR spectrum FT-Raman spectrum XRF spectrum vitiligo.

Novel Farming Innovation for High Production of black pepper （Piper nigrum L.） Planting Materials

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2017年第5期7卷 301-308页

作者： Kho Pei Ee Chen Yi Shang Malaysian pepper Board Jalan Utama Pending Industrial Area P.O. Box 1653 Kuching Sarawak 93916 Malaysia

In accordance to National Commodity Policy （2011-2020）, Malaysian government targets at expending the pepper cultivated area from the current 16,331 ha to 20,110 ha by year 2020. Based on a planting density of 2,000 vines/ha, there will be an urgent need of 7.588 million cuttings for the next five years in order to achieve this target. However, shortages of planting materials, low productivity and occurrence of pests and diseases remain as the major challenge of pepper industry nowadays. Therefore, a novel farming innovation, namely W-configuration cultivation method has been developed to ensure high production of planting materials for large-scale pepper cultivation and at the same time to maximize land use in pepper farm. A field evaluation was conducted to compare the cutting production among W-configuration, V-configuration and traditional cultivation method. W-configuration recorded the highest mean number of pepper cuttings produced with 11.97 cuttings per vine in every pruning cycle, or equivalent to 71% of increment as compared to 7.00 cuttings per vine produced from the traditional planting method. Meanwhile, V-configuration produced 8.91 of mean cuttings, which are significantly lower than those produced by W-configuration method and yet comparable to traditional method. Based on return on investment （ROI） analysis, implementation of W-configuration cultivation method was able to achieve 35% of return per cycle of planting within two years for the first cycle and upsurged to approximately 355% for the subsequence cycle. Furthermore, this novel innovation also out-yielded traditional planting method by 75.27% for the first and second year of green berry production. The ROI analysis proved the feasibility of this newly developed cultivation method to create potential new income for pepper smallholders in Malaysia, who traditionally cultivate pepper for its peppercorn production. This study also enlightened the thorough planting procedures of W-configuration

关键词： black pepper W-configuration pepper cuttings return on investment.

Inhibition of E. coli and bio-preservation of ground beef by Lactobacillus,black pepper extract and EDTA

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 1098-1103页

作者： Shadieh Mohammadi Javad Aliakbarlu Hossein Tajik Leila Manafi Negar Mortazavi Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran Environmental Health Research Center Research Institute for Health DevelopmentKurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran

The objectives of present study were to evaluate the potential of Lactobacillus reuteri or Lactobacillus casei combined with black pepper extract(BPE)and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)for controlling the growth of *** O157:H7 and improving the chemical,microbiological and sensory quality of ground beef stored at 10℃ for 12 *** in vitro results indicated that the combination of *** with BPE and EDTA had the most potent antibacterial effect against *** and resulted in 2.7 log CFU/ml *** ground beef,the combination of *** or *** with BPE and EDTA decreased *** and aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts up to 1 and 1.6 log CFU/g,***,this combination significantly reduced the lipid oxidation rate(up to 60%)and improved odor and overall acceptability scores of ground *** was concluded that the combination of *** with BPE and EDTA could be used in ground beef to control microbial proliferation,retard lipid oxidation,and improve sensory quality.

关键词： Lactobacillus Ground beef black pepper EDTA E.coli