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Arctic Oscillation Responses to black carbon Aerosols Emitted from Major Regions

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2015年第4期8卷 226-232页

作者： WAN Jiang-Hua LI Shuanglin Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The responses of the Arctic Oscillation(AO) to global black carbon(BC) and BC emitted from major regions were compared using the atmospheric general circulation model Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory(GFDL) atmospheric general circulation model(AGCM) Atmospheric Model version 2.1(AM2.1). The results indicated that global BC could induce positive-phase AO responses, characterized by negative responses over the polar cap on 500 h Pa height fields, and zonal mean sea level pressure(SLP) decreasing while zonal wind increasing at 60°, with the opposite responses over midlatitudes. The AO indices distribution also shifted towards positive values. East Asian BC had similar impacts to that of global BC, while the responses to European BC were of opposite sign. South Asian BC and North American BC did not affect the AO significantly. Based on a simple linear assumption, we roughly estimated that the global BC emission increase could explain approximately 5% of the observed positive AO trend of +0.32 per decade during 1960 to 2000.

关键词： black carbon Arctic Oscillation linear trend

A concise overview on historical black carbon in ice cores and remote lake sediments in the northern hemisphere

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2021年第3期13卷 179-194页

作者： Poonam Thapa JianZhong Xu Bigyan Neupane State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

black carbon(BC),as a driver of environmental change,could significantly impact the snow by accelerating melting and decreasing *** documentation of BC studies is crucial for a better understanding of its spatial and temporal *** study reviewed the BC studies in the ice core and remote lake sediments and their sources in the northern *** literature surveyed points to around 2.9 to 3.7 times increase of BC in the European Alps and up to a three-fold increase of BC in the Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau(HTP)after the onset of industrialization in Europe and Asia,*** concentration from Greenland ice core showed seven times increase with an interrupted trend after 1950'*** Asian emissions were dominant in the HTP along with a contribution from the Middle East,whereas Western European and local emissions were responsible for the change in BC concentration in the European *** the Arctic,contributions from North America,Europe and Asia ***,a historical reconstruction of lake sediments records demonstrates the effects of emissions from long-range transport,sediment focusing,local anthropogenic activities,precipitation and total input of flux on the BC concentration.

关键词： black carbon ice core lake sediment Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau Arctic European Alps

Continuous observation of black carbon aerosol during winter in urban Beijing,China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2018年第6期11卷 491-498页

作者： XUE Peng JI Dong-Sheng AN Jun-Lin CAO Wan FU Shen-Ming WEI Jie LI Zhi-Qing ZHOU Ying-Xing MIAO Cheng-Yuan WANG Yue-Si Collaboration Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological AdministrationNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Yunnan Wuyi Expressway Construction Headquarters YunnanKunmingChina

black carbon(BC)has a significant impact on air quality and atmospheric light absorption due to its unique physical *** this study,a ten-wavelength black carbon monitor was used to measure BC concentrations continuously during winter in urban Beijing.A comparison of BC concentrations was carried out between the ten-wavelength black carbon monitor and a multiangle absorption photometer(MAAP)and a thermal optical transmission method carbon *** results showed significant correlations between BC measured by the MAAP,the thermal optical transmission method carbon analyzer and BC measured at the 660 nm wavelength using the ten-wavelength black carbon *** differences in BC concentrations were recorded at the different wavelength *** BC concentrations observed in the visible ranges,near-infrared ranges and near-ultraviolet ranges were on average 3.1,2.6,and 4.6μg m?3,*** differences between the absorption coefficient of BC370 nm and BC880 nm increased with the enhancement of OC:TC(ratio of organic carbon to total carbon)and PM2.5,indicating that organic matter had strong light absorption at near-ultraviolet *** concentrations had clear diurnal variations with maxima at 0300 and minima at 1400(Local time).In addition,potential contribution source areas of BC were also *** is the first time that BC measurements have been conducted using the ten-wavelength BC monitor,which provided more information of BC at different wavelengths compared to other methods.

关键词： black carbon organic carbon Beijing absorption coefficient

Advances in the Study of black carbon Effects on Climate

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2011年第1期2卷 23-30页

作者： Hua Zhang Zhili Wang National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

black carbon （BC） aerosols can strongly absorb solar radiation in very broad spectral wavebands, from the visible to the infrared. As a potential factor contributing to global warming, BC aerosols not only directly change the radiation balance of the earth-atmosphere system, but also indirectly affect global or regional climate by acting as cloud conden- sation nuclei or ice nuclei to alter cloud mierophysical properties. Here, recent progresses in the studies of radiative forcing due to BC and its climate effects are reviewed. The uncertainties in current researches are discussed and some suggestions are provided for future investigations.

关键词： black carbon radiative forcing climate effects

Practical Paths towards Lowering black carbon Emissions

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2011年第1期2卷 12-22页

作者： Guorui Zhi Xiaoye Zhang Hongbing Cheng Junli Jin Fang Zhang Tingting Wang Xiaochun Zhang Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences ChiTta Meteorological Administration Bcijing 100081 China

black carbon （BC） aerosol, accounting for a minor fraction of atmospheric aerosols, is attracting increased attentio1 due to its impact on air quality, human health, and climate change. Focusing on BC emission reduction, this paper give1 a brief introduction to the sources and global distribution of BC. Along with the decrease of BC emissions from sue1 actions as the reduction of global greenhouse gases （GHGs） and regulating local air quality, it also highlights othet BC reduction approaches such as control and improvement of combustion conditions, the elimination of open biomas burning, and the sequestration of BC by biomass pyrolysis. Finally, it is stressed that at this moment there is no enougt reason to push BC reduction into any climate change related negotiations, although BC has been included in some o so-called win-win reduction targets for the quick response to both climate and non-climate appeals.

关键词： black carbon reduction policy consideration

Role of black carbon-Induced Changes in Snow Albedo in Predictions of Temperature and Precipitation during a Snowstorm

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2009年第4期2卷 230-236页

作者： ZHANG Ying LIAO Hong ZHU Ke-Feng and YIN Yan Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Physics and Environment （LAPE） Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics andAtmospheric Chemistry （LAPC） Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms （LACS） Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

In this study the authors apply the chemistry version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model （WRF-Chem） to examine the impacts of black carbon （BC）-induced changes in snow albedo on simulated temperature and precipitation during the severe snowstorm that occurred in southern China during 0800 26 January to 0800 29 January 2008 （Note that all times are local time except when otherwise stated）. black carbon aerosol was simulated online within the WRF-Chem. The model resuits showed that surface-albedo, averaged over 27-28 January, can be reduced by up to 10% by the deposition of BC. As a result, relative to a simulation that does not consider deposition of BC on snow/ice, the authors predicted surface air temperatures during 27-28 January can differ by -1.95 to 2.70 K, and the authors predicted accumulated precipitation over 27-28 January can differ by -2.91 to 3.10 mm over Areas A and B with large BC deposition. Different signs of changes are determined by the feedback of clouds and by the availability of water vapor in the atmosphere.

关键词： black carbon snow albedo weather

Determining the environmental and atmospheric effects of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)quarantining by studying the total aerosol optical depth,black carbon,organic matter,and sulfate in Blida City of Algeria

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Global Health Journal 2021年第1期5卷 37-43页

作者： Foued Chabane Ali Arif Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of BiskraBiskra 07000Algeria Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technology University of BiskraBiskra 07000Algeria

Background:To study,estimate and discuss the variations of the aerosol optical depth(AOD),black carbon,sulfate and organic matter,in the atmosphere in Blida City of Algeria,which was greatly affected by COVID-19 ***:We analyzed the effects of changes in the total AOD,black carbon,sulfate,and organic matter in the atmosphere(λ=550 nm)in the same period of 2019 and 2020,following the COVID-19 epidemic in Blida City,which was the most-affected city in ***:The quarantine that was enacted to limit the spread of COVID-19 resulted in side effects that were identifiable in the total AOD and in some of its atmospheric *** these variables in 2019 and 2020(in the months during the quarantine)revealed that in April,the BCAOD values were much lower in 2020than in ***:Based on the effects of the emerging COVID-19,the research listed the changes received from the AOD,and is considered as a comparative study and represents a significant side effect of the quarantine that was mainly designed to limit COVID-19.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Aerosol optical depth(AOD) black carbon Organic matter Sulfate Blida City Algeria

Changes in regional religious activities in the last millennium recorded by black carbon in Lake Dalzong,northeastern Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第2期66卷 303-315页

作者： Xuyi MA Duo WU Yuan LIANG Zijie YUAN Tao WANG Youmo LI Ngondzin Ngawang Gyatso College of Earth and Environmental Sciences MOE Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental SystemsLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Center for Studies of Ethnic Groups in Northwest China of Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000China

The ecological environment of the Tibetan Plateau,known as the“Third Pole of the Earth”,is extremely sensitive and *** rapid societal development,environmental problems on the Tibetan Plateau have become prominent,as it is downwind of the emission sources from densely populated areas in the Middle East and South Asia,and the plateau has become one of the regions significantly affected by transboundary pollutant transmission(including black carbon,BC).The Tibetan Plateau has a long history of life and religious sacrifices,including aromatic plant-burning,which were recorded in the geologic record;therefore,BC can be used as a potential indicator to study the changes in religious *** this study,BC analysis was carried out based on the plausible dating framework tested by the AMS14C and137Cs methods on successive sediment cores from Lake Dalzong,an alpine lake in the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,northeast of the Tibetan *** was found that the BC in the lake sediments mainly accumulated through proximity wet deposition,and its content changes reflected the prevalence of surrounding religious *** study results indicate that the area of Lake Dalzong has experienced three periods of enhanced religious activities in the last millennium:1490-1565 CE(mid-Ming Dynasty),1810-1890 CE(late Qing Dynasty),and 1920 CE to the present(since the founding of the Republic of China),and the increase in religious activities on this centennial time scale is a response to concurrent social *** study is the first to extract information on the variation in religious activities from lake sediments on the Tibetan Plateau,which will help advance the study of the historical context of the Anthropocene on the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Lake Dalzong black carbon Millennium Religious activities

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Estimate the influence of snow grain size and black carbon on albedo

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2015年第2期7卷 111-120页

作者： ZhongMing Guo NingLian Wang XiaoBo Wu HongBo Wu YuWei Wu State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Environment Science Nanjing Xiaozhuang University

Estimation of the influence of snow grain size and black carbon on albedo is essential in obtaining the accurate albedo. In this paper, field measurement data, including snow grain size, snow depth and density was obtained. black carbon samples were collected from the snow surface. A simultaneous observation using Analytical Spectral Devices was employed in the Qiyi Glacier located in the Qilian Mountain. Analytical Spectral Devices spectrum data were used to analyze spectral re- flectance of snow for different grain size and black carbon content. The measurements were compared with the results obtained from the Snow, Ice, and Aerosol Radiation model, and the simulation was found to correlate well with the ob- served data. However, the simulated albedo was near to 0.98 times of the measured albedo, so the other factors were as- sumed to be constant using the corrected Snow, Ice, and Aerosol Radiation model to estimate the influence of measured snow grain size and black carbon on albedo. Field measurements were controlled to fit the relationship between the snow grain size and black carbon in order to estimate the influence of these factors on the snow albedo.

关键词： snow grain size black carbon albedo measured data