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Effects of bixin in high-fat diet-fed-induced fatty liver in C57BL/6J mice

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第12期6卷 1015-1021页

作者： Rosa Martha Perez Gutierrez Rita Valadez Romero Research Laboratory of Natural Products School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive IndustriesNational Polytechnic InstituteAv.Instituto Politecnico Nacional S/NUnidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos

Objective:To evaluate the anti-obesity activity of bixin(BIX) on C57BL/6J mice which were fed a high-fat diet(HFD) and to determine the mechanism of this ***:C57BL/6J mice were separately fed a high-calorie diet or a normal diet for 8weeks,then they were treated with BIX for another 13 *** administration for 13 weeks,the animals were *** adiposity,serum lipid level,and insulin resistance were *** addition,a histological assay of pancreas and liver,an evaluation of the inhibitory properties on pancreatic lipase,and a-amylase were ***:Administration of BIX significantly decreased the body weight gain,adipocyte size,fat pad weights,hepatic lipid levels in HFD-induced obese *** addition,reduced liver weight exhibited decreased serum leptin levels,malic enzyme,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,hepatic fatty acid synthase,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase and hepatic phosphatidate phosphohydrolase ***,superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione peroxidase,and glutathione levels were increased in hepatic *** also decreased lipid and carbohydrates absorption due to inhibition of pancreatic lipase and *** term supplementation of BIX significantly decreased hyperlipidemia,insulin resistance and glucose *** levels of hepatic steatosis and the islets of Langerhans appeared less shrunken in HFD-fed ***:The antiobesity effect of BIX appears to be associated at least in part,to its inhibitory effect on lipids and carbohydrate digestion enzymes such as pancreatic lipase,a-glucosidase,and *** results suggested that BIX also act as an antioxidant and may treat visceral obesity normalizing glucose levels,improving insulin resistance and increasing energy ***,achiote which has a main component,the carotenoid BIX,could be a viable food for the treatment of obesity and diabetes.

关键词： Bixa orellana bixin Obesity Enzymes Metabolic disturbances Diabetic

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Study on Extraction and Conversion Annatto （Bixa orellana L.） Color into Norbixin to Prepare Food Grade Water-Soluble Norbixin Powder

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Journal of Life Sciences 2017年第2期11卷 97-104页

作者： Tran Thi Ha Dao Phan Thoai Le Thi Thu Thuy Phan The Dong The Department of Food- Environment & Nursing Dong Nai Technology University Dong Nai 810000 Viet Nam The Faculty of Science & Engineering Hoa Sen University Ho Chi Minh 700000 Viet Nam

Response surface methodology was used in this research to optimize the technical parameters of the extraction and conversion color compound in armatto seeds into norbixin. Parameters affected the extraction efficiency and norbixin recovery yield were solvent concentration, rate of solvent/seed, incubation time, and incubation temperature. The optimization results including： concentration of ethanol is 51.82°; concentration of NaOH is 0.52 M; ratio of solvent/seed is 7.1/1; incubation time is 33.12 minutes, incubation temperature is 58.6℃, and the rate of 36% HCl/color solution is 0.5/5 （v/v）.

关键词： Achiote Bixa orellana L. bixin norbixin extraction conversion food color.

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Analysis of Residual Solvents in Annatto Extracts Using a Static Headspace Gas Chromatography Method

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第9期3卷 638-645页

作者： Yusai Ito Kyoko Ishizuki Wakana Sekiguchi Atsuko Tada Takumi Akiyama Kyoko Sato Takeshi Yamazaki Hiroshi Akiyama Division of Food Additives National Institute of Health Sciences: Kamiyoga Setagaya-ku Tokyo Japan

An analytical method for the quantification of residual solvents in annatto extracts, natural food colorants, was established using a static headspace gas chromatography (HSGC) coupled with a flame ionization detector (FID). As a sample diluent in a headspace sampling, dimethylformamide (DMF) was selected owing to its high capacity for dissolving both bixin-based and norbixin-based annatto extracts. The quantification of residual solvents was performed using the external standard method. The linearity of the calibration curves was assured with relative coefficients (R2) that were greater than 0.999. The recoveries of all standard solvents spiked in the annatto extracts were in the range from 95.1% to 107.1% to verify the accuracy and the relative standard deviation (RSD%) values (n = 3) were in the range from 0.57% to 3.31%. The quantification limits (QL) were sufficiently lower than the limits specified by Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). With the established HSGC method, six residual solvents (methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, and hexane) in 23 commercial annatto-extract products that consist of seven bixin-based and 16 norbixin-based products were quantified. The levels of residual ethyl acetate and hexane in all products were lower than the specified limits of JECFA. However, three samples of bixin-based products showed higher levels of residual 2-propanol (approximately 313.9 - 427.7 ppm) than the specified limit. Other bixin products also showed higher concentrations of residual methanol (approximately 166.6 - 394.7 ppm) and residual acetone (approximately 75.2 - 179.8 ppm) than the limits of JECFA. In the case of norbixin-based products, nine samples showed higher levels of residual acetone (approximately 42.6 - 139.5 ppm) than the limits of JECFA. This is the first survey of residual solvents in annatto extracts using the validated HSGC method.

关键词： Annatto Extracts bixin Norbixin Headspace Gas Chromatography Residual Solvents

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