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Study of the impact of the compaction and curing temperature on the behavior of cold bituminous recycled materials

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第4期6卷 349-358页

作者： Apparao Gandi Alberto Cardenas Djibril Sow Alan Carter Daniel Perraton Department of Construction Engineering Ecole de Technologie SuperieureMontrealQC H3C 1K3Canada Department of Construction Engineering University of ThiesThiesSenegal

In most countries, there is a low temperature limit to lay down hot asphalt mixes because if it is too cold, it becomes impossible to get proper compaction. For cold recycled bituminous mixture(CRM), there is little information on the effect of the low temperature on their behavior. The goal of this study is to evaluate, in laboratory, the impact of the compaction and curing temperature on the behavior of CRM. To do so, CRM containing 50%reclaimed asphalt pavement(RAP) and 50% natural aggregates treated with foamed asphalt or bituminous emulsion were mixed and cured at different temperature between 0 and23℃ for up to 10 days before being tested in indirect tension. The results show that for all mixes, a cure at lower temperature means lower tensile strength, but the decrease is more noticeable for emulsion treated materials than for foamed treated mixes. The trend is not as obvious for Marshall stability results. A second cure at ambient temperature was also done, and the analysis of the results showed that the decrease in mechanical performance remains important even after a second cure at higher temperature for all mixes treated with bituminous emulsion, but there is some mechanical gain for mixes treated with foamed asphalt.

关键词： Cold recycled materials bituminous emulsion Foamed asphalt Curing Marshall stability Indirect tensile strength

Co-pyrolysis of bituminous coal and biomass in a pressured fluidized bed

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第7期27卷 1666-1673页

作者： Yong Huang Ningbo Wang Qiaoxia Liu Wusheng Wang Xiaoxun Ma School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University229 North Taibai RoadXi’an 710069China Hydrocarbon High-efficiency Utilization Technology Research Center of Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co.Ltd. Xi’an 710075China Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education (MOE) for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy Xi’an 710069China Shaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal Conversion Xi’an 710069China Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi Xi’an 710069China International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources Xi’an 710069China

An experimental study on co-pyrolysis of bituminous coal and biomass was performed in a pressured fluidized bed reactor.The blend ratio of biomass in the mixture was varied between 0 and 100 wt%,and the temperature was over a range of 550–650℃ under 1.0 MPa pressure with different atmospheres.On the basis of the individual pyrolysis behavior of bituminous coal and biomass,the influences of the biomass blending ratio,temperature,pressure and atmosphere on the product distribution were investigated.The results indicated that there existed a synergetic effect in the co-pyrolysis of bituminous coal and biomass in this pressured fluidized bed reactor,especially when the condition of bituminous coal and biomass blend ratio of 70:30(w/w),600℃,and 0.3 MPa was applied.The addition of biomass influenced the tar and char yields and gas and tar composition during co-pyrolysis.The tar yields were higher than the calculated values from individual pyrolysis of each fuel,and consequently the char yields were lower.The experimental results showed that the composition of the gaseous products was not in accordance with those of their individual fuel.The improvement of composition in tar also indicated synergistic effect in the co-pyrolysis.

关键词： bituminous coal Biomass Co-pyrolysis Pressured fluidized bed Synergistic effect

Investigation of the Evolution Behavior of Light Tar During bituminous Coal Pyrolysis in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2016年第6期32卷 1019-1027页

作者： LI Chao FANG Mengxiang XIAO Ping SHI Zhenghai CEN Jianmeng YAN Qike WANG Qinhui LUO Zhongyang State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China Huaneng Power International Inc. Beijing 100031 P R. China

The evolution behavior of the light tar fraction of tar during large bituminous coal particle pyrolysis in afluidized bed reactor at 500--900 ℃ was investigated to optimize the industrial process. The coal residence time wasvaried from 30 s to 150 s. The crude tar obtained was distilled and separated into the light fraction and the heavyfraction through an evaporator under conditions of 280 ℃ and 104 Pa. The light tar was subjected to GC-MS analysis,and the 300 main species in each spectrum were determined and analyzed. The experimental results showed that theevolution behavior of the light tar fraction and the heavy tar fraction presented spectacularly different variation trendswith pyrolysis temperature and coal residence time. The molecular weight and number of rings per aromatic com-pound molecule contained in the light tar fraction increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature because of poly-merization. It was also observed that the amount of methyl substituents decreased with an increasing number of ringsper molecule of poly-aromatic ring compounds. The chain aliphatic compound evolution was suppressed and under-went heterocyclization with increasing temperature.

关键词： bituminous coal Flash pyrolysis Light tar evolution

Mass Loss Behavior and Volatile Composition during Pyrolysis of a bituminous Coal

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2018年第4期20卷 44-50页

作者： Fan Junfeng Tian Bin An Xiaoxi Zhang Yaqing Yin Mengmeng Tian Yuanyu College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Advanced Chemical Technology for Utilization of Northern Shaanxi Energy of the Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education Shaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal Conversion School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University

The thermogravimetry analyzer coupled with the pyrolysis gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry technology was used in this study to investigate the mass loss behavior and volatile release characteristics of a bituminous coal. The results showed that with an increasing heating rate, the characteristic parameters and TG/DTG curves shifted obviously to the higher temperature region. The pyrolysis of a bituminous coal at different heating rates can be divided into two stages according to the Coats-Redfern(C-R) plots. The activation energy obtained from the C-R method is 50.21—85.14 kJ/mol and 5.14—7.24 kJ/mol at a heating rate range of 8—300 °C/min for the first and second pyrolysis stages, respectively. Aromatic hydrocarbons were dominant in the volatile products during fast pyrolysis of the coal, followed by the olefins, whereas the phenols were the third major components. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature, the heavy components in the volatile species increased; meanwhile the phenol cracking reactions were intensified. The carbon number of olefins was mainly concentrated in 3—9, and the aromatics were mainly composed of the compounds of C_6—C_(13).This study can provide a basic reference for fast pyrolysis of coal and other thermal chemical conversion processes.

关键词： fast pyrolysis bituminous coal kinetics volatiles

Simulation experiments on secondary thermal stress of biodegraded bituminous sandstones

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第S1期49卷 50-59页

作者： GONG Se PENG Ping’an LU Yuhong XIAO Zhongyao JIA Wanglu WANG Zhenqi YU Chiling LIU Dehan LU Jialan LIU Jinzhong State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou Institute of GeochemistryGuangzhou 510640China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Tarim Oilfield of China National Petroleum Corporation Kuerle 841000China

Secondary variation of reservoir is a hot problem in petroleum geochemistry field. Several kinds of secondary variations have taken place after the formation of bituminous sandstones in the Tarim Basin including biodegra-dation, washing, dissipation and secondary thermal stress. Biodegraded bituminous sandstones were used in the experiment. Pyrolysis experiment has been performed in a closed system, simulating secondary thermal stress with continual burial of Silurian bituminous sandstones which may cause the changes in molecular compositions, carbon isotope and physical properties of bituminous sandstones. The results are as follows: (i) Gases are mainly product during the experiment and carbon isotope of gas is lighter. (ii) Yield of C6+ hydrocarbon is relative smaller, and yielded oil is mainly light oil. (iii) Chromatogram character of biodegraded oil-sand is similar to that of saturated hydrocarbon in extracts from present-day bituminous sandstones, (iv) Porosity of bituminous sandstones gradually

关键词： bituminous sandstones thermal simulation thermal stress biodegradation secondary variation.

Optimization of the Bitumen Content of a Basaltic Semi-Granular bituminous Concrete

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2018年第4期8卷 460-472页

作者： Souleymane Mbengue Djibril Sow Ibrahima Khalil Cisse Experimental Research and Study Center for Equipment Ministry of Infrastructure Thiès Senegal University Institute of Technology University of Thiès Thiès Senegal Polytechnic School of Thiès Ministry of Higher Education Research and Innovation Thiès Senegal

Various studies have been conducted in the past by researchers who have proposed diverse solutions to control the premature degradation noted on flexible pavements. It turns out that the binder content remains a parameter so far not mastered and its optimization remains an imperative to produce a quality mix capable of meeting the technical and economic requirements sought in a formulation study. This article mainly aimed to optimize the hydrocarbon binder content of a 0/14 granular class semi-granular bituminous concrete using the Marshall and Duriez method. In the first part of the study, the different constituents were characterized according to the standards in force. The second allowed to describe the methodology used to determine the mixture and calculated the theoretical binder content. A theoretical mixture, entering the reference zone was defined at first. Following the characterization of the mixture in the laboratory, the granulometry curve of the mixture was inserted into the reference zone. This mixture was then preserved for the rest of the study. Then, it was theoretically determined bitumen contents ranging from 5.13% to 5.75% for wealth modules ranging from 3.3% to 3.7%. Thus, the Marshall method was used to characterize the performance of the mixture as a function of the binder content. The results obtained led to the selection of two grades of binders 5.13% and 5.28% for the study of water resistance using the Duriez method. On the basis of the results obtained on the Duriez test, the mixture with a binder content of 5.28% satisfies a good part of the criteria selected. This content corresponds to a wealth module of 3.4%.

关键词： Optimize Binder bituminous Concrete Spindle Marshall Duriez Wealth Module

Study of Changes to the Organic Functional Groups of a High Volatile bituminous Coal during Organic Acid Treatment Process by FTIR Spectroscopy

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2013年第2期1卷 39-43页

作者： B. Manoj Ponni Narayanan Department of Physics Christ University Karnataka India

A high volatile bituminous coal was subjected to a series of organic acid treatment in steps using citric acid (1 hr and 2 hr) and buffered EDTA with acetic acid (1 to 3 hr) at room temperature. Leaching was performed with acetic acid (2N) also for 1 hr. Citric acid procedure reduced the mineral matter below 1.94%. Calcites and aluminates are completely removed along with substantial quantity of silicates by citric acid leaching. The change in absorption of organic functional groups and mineral matter in coal samples were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Analysis indicated that oxygen containing species were decreased in the coal structure during acetic acid and citric acid (40%) procedure and buffered EDTA 3 hours leaching. As the period of leaching with buffered EDTA increased from 1 hr to 3 hr, organic functional groups and mineral functional groups decreased its intensity. The results indicated that the described acid treatment procedures with citric acid have measurable effects on the coal structure.

关键词： Leaching bituminous Coal Minerals FTIR

Noise Reduction in Pavement Made of Rubberized bituminous Top Layer

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2014年第3期4卷 198-208页

作者： Fotini Kehagia Sofia Mavridou Laboratory of Building Materials Department of Civil Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Laboratory of Highway Department of Civil Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

In Greece more than 60,000 tn End of Life Tires are stockpiled every year often uncontrollable, causing severe environmental and other socio-economic negative impacts. Studies up to date are focused mainly on mechanical and physical characteristics of rubberized mixtures (based on cement, asphalt or soil) in which tire rubber is used either as alternative to natural aggregates or as additive. However, effect of tire rubber on noise reduction in rubberized bituminous layers, which is the main topic of present paper, has not been widely studied. In particular, this research paper is dealing with a sustainable use of tire rubber in asphalt pavement, leading to its generated noise reduction. An experimental pilot application has been conducted in the frame of a European Research Project, which has been implemented in a heavy traffic road section, cited outside Lamia city of Greece, (Vasilikon Street). The upper surface layer of the pavement has been made of rubberized bituminous mixture, produced by the wet process. Rheological characteristics of rubberized bitumen as well as basic properties of the implemented, rubberized bituminous mixture are presented. Moreover, measurements of noise level, deriving from vehicles’ motion, under operational conditions took place at the road section right after its implementation as well as after 8 months of its operation, while all data are presented in details. Results of the measurements on conventional and modified pavement sections are compared, certifying that rubberized asphalt layers can be not only environmentally friendly—since a category of solid wastes (worn automobile tires) is utilized—but also, addition of tire rubber particles in bituminous binder provides up to 3dB noise reducing bituminous mixtures and pavements, noise reduction that remains even after 8 months of road section’s operation.

关键词： End of Life-Tires Rubberized bituminous Mixtures Noise Pavement Traffic Waste Management

Technical and Economical Problems of bituminous Coal Mining in Czech Republic

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 1998年第1期19卷 5-9页

作者： Jaroslav Dvoracek (VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic)

The historical development of mining industry in Czech Republic, mining industry in new economical conditions, damping program of hituminous coal mining and the damping of mining activity are mentioned in this paper, and some important and detail data are given. This paper is not only concerned to mining, but also to social society, so it is of significance to mining industry and otber enterprises.

关键词： Czech Republic technical and economical problems bituminous joint-stock company