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Invasive mechanism and management strategy of Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) biotype B:Progress report of 973 Program on invasive alien species in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 88-95页

作者： WAN FangHao1,ZHANG GuiFen1,LIU ShuSheng2,LUO Chen3,CHU Dong4,ZHANG YouJun4,ZANG LianSheng2,JIU Min2,Lü ZhiChuang1,CUI XuHong1,ZHANG LiPing4,ZHANG Fan3,ZHANG QingWen5,LIU WanXue1,LIANG Pei5,LEI ZhongRen1 & ZHANG YongJun1 1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Acadeny of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100094,China 2 Institute of Applied Entomology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029,China 3 Institute of Plant and Environment Protection,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100089,China 4 Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Acadeny of Agricullare Sciences,Beijing 100081,China 5 Department of Entomology,China Agriculture University,Beijing 100094,China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Acadeny of Agriculture Sciences Beijing 100094 Chin

Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) biotype B,called a "superbug",is one of the most harmful biotypes of this species complex *** this report,the invasive mechanism and management of *** biotype B,based on our 5-year studies,are *** *** biotypes,B,Q,ZHJ1,ZHJ2,ZHJ3 and FJ1,have been identified in *** B dominates the other biotypes in many regions of the *** diversity in biotype B might be induced by host plant,geographical conditions,and/or insecticidal *** activities of CarE(carboxylesterase) and GSTs(glutathione-S-transferase) in biotype B reared on cucumber and squash were greater than on other host plants,which might have increased its resistance to *** higher activities of detoxification enzymes in biotype B might be induced by the secondary metabolites in host *** adaptive ability of biotype B adults to adverse conditions might be linked to the expression of heat shock protein *** indigenous *** biotypes were displaced by the biotype B within 225 *** asymmetric mating interactions and mutualism between biotype B and begomoviruses via its host plants speed up widespread invasion and displacement of other *** biotype B displaced Trialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood) after 4-7 generations under glasshouse *** adaptive ability of the biotype B to adverse conditions and its rapid population increase might be the reasons of its successful displacement of *** ability of the biotype B to switch to different host plants may enrich its host plants,which might enable it to better compete with *** predatory natural enemies possess greater ability to suppress *** under field *** kairomones in the 3rd and 4th instars of biotype B may provide an important stimulus in host searching and location by its *** present results provide useful information in explaining the mechanisms of genetic diversity,e

关键词： National Basic Research and Development Program of China(973 Program) invasive alien species Bemisia tabaci biotype B ecological mechanisms genetic diversity sustainable management

Gingival biotype: The probe test utility

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2013年第2期3卷 123-127页

作者： Madline Cuny-Houchmand Stéphane Renaudin Mustapha Leroul Lucie Planche Laurent Le Guehennec Assem Soueidan Cellule de Promotion de la Recherche Clinique CHU Nantes France Department of Orthodontics UFR d’Odontologie Nantes France Department of Periodontology UFR d’Odontologie Nantes France Department of Prosthodontics UFR d’Odontologie Nantes France

Purpose: To evaluate the relevance of the probe test in classifying the gingival biotype and to determine if differences exist between maxillary and mandibular gingival biotypes in the same patient. Materials and Methods: 53 subjects were included. The gingival thickness was evaluated as thick or thin. This evaluation was based on the transparency of the periodontal probe through the gingival margin while probing the sulcus. In another hand, 124 clinicians were asked to identify the gingival biotype in the same 53 subjects based on visual inspection on pictures. For each examiner, the accuracy in identifying the gingival biotype was assessed using the percentage of cases correctly identified. Results: the percentile of agreement is greater than 70% in maxilla as well as in mandible. An imbalance was observed on the maxillary pictures concerning the gingival biotype and on the thin biotype between maxilla and mandible despite there being no statistical difference (p biotypes. Agreement between mandibular probe and maxilla probe results demonstrates a weak percentile of agreement of gingival biotypes between maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (57%). Conclusion: The use of probe transparency through the gingival margin is an accurate and simple method for gingival biotype diagnosis to discriminate a thin gingival from a thick gingival. Furthermore, individualizing the gingival biotype for each of the arches appears to be a new outcome that needs further investigation.

关键词： Probe Gingival biotype Prevention Classification

The biotypes and host shifts of cotton-melon aphids Aphis gossypii in northern China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第9期17卷 2066-2073页

作者： ZHANG Shuai LUO Jun-yu WANG Li WANG Chun-yi LU Li-min ZHANG Li-juan ZHU Xiang-zhen CUI Jin-jie State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Institute of Cotton ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyang 455000P.R.China

Aphis gossypfi is a globally distributed species and therefore has a highly variable life cycle. Populations of A. gossypii in northern China exhibit greater genotypic diversity and a broader host range, yet the details of life cycles of different biotypes is still unclear. In this study, the Cytb and 16S gene regions of A. gossypfi collected from 5 common summer hosts and 4 primary hosts were analyzed. A total of 57 haplotypes were obtained from 1 046 individual A. gossyp# sequences. The sequence included 44 variable sites, 27 of which were parsimony informative sites and 17 of which were singleton variable sites. The most frequent 3 haplotypes were found in 896 individuals, representing a total of 85.7% of all individuals and 36 haplotypes were found in 1 individual. A neighbor-joining tree was constructed using 21 haplotypes that were found in more than 2 individuals. Considering the individual host plant, 5 biotypes were identified. Type 1 corresponded exactly to the cucurbit host-race and the other 4 biotypes were found as cotton host-races. Type 3 was the most abundant biotype in cotton fields in northern China.

关键词： cotton-melon aphid Cytb and 16S genes haplotype biotype cotton field

Utility of MtCOI polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in differentiating between Q and B whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotypes

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 107-114页

作者： Wei-Hua Ma Xian-Chun Li Timothy J. Dennehy Chao-Liang Lei Mo Wang Benjamin A. Degain Robert L. Nichols Department of Entomology and BI05 Institute University of Arizona Tuscon AZ 85721 USA Department of Plant Protection College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China Cotton Incorporated 6399 Weston Parkway Cary NC 27513 USA

The invasive, insecticide-resistant, Q whitefly biotype, has gradually spread to other countries including the US via human-mediated movement of plant materials. We assessed the utility of the VspI-based mtCOI （mitochondrion cytochrome oxidase I） polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） technique as a rapid, cost-effective, and reliable alternative for differentiating the Q from the dominant B biotype in Arizona. Using the standard mtCOI gene sequencing and mtCOI PCR-RFLP techniques, we biotyped eight whitefly strains of five individuals each collected from poinsettia and cotton at different locations in Arizona. Complete concordance was observed between the two methods, with three strains being identified as the Q biotype and five samples as the B biotype. We also scanned the mtCOI gene sequences for VspI polymorphisms in the B and Q biotype whiteflies currently available in the GenBank database. This global screening revealed the existence of three and four VspI polymorphic types for the Q and B biotypes, respectively. Nevertheless, all three VspI polymorphic Q biotype whiteflies shared a common and unique VspI site that can be used to differentiate Q biotype from the four VspI polymorphic B biotype whiteflies identified. These results demonstrate that the VspI-based mtCOI gene PCR-RFLP provides a reliable diagnostic tool for differentiating the Q and B biotype whiteflies in the US and elsewhere.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci biotype diagnosis tool mtCOI gene PCR-RFLP Vspl enzyme

White Matter Abnormalities in Major Depression biotypes Identified by Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第5期35卷 867-876页

作者： Sugai Liang Qiang Wang Xiangzhen Kong Wei Deng Xiao Yang Xiaojing Li Zhong Zhang Jian Zhang Chengcheng Zhang Xin-min Li Xiaohong Ma Junming Shao Andrew J. Greenshaw Tao Li Mental Health Centre West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Huaxi Brain Research Centre West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Language and Genetics Department Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics 6525 XD Nijmegen Netherlands Big Data Research Center School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China Department of Psychiatry University of Alberta Edmonton T6G 2B7 Canada

Identifying data-driven biotypes of major depressive disorder(MDD) has promise for the clarification of diagnostic heterogeneity. However, few studies have focused on white-matter abnormalities for MDD subtyping. This study included 116 patients with MDD and118 demographically-matched healthy controls assessed by diffusion tensor imaging and neurocognitive *** clustering was applied to the major fiber tracts, in conjunction with tract-based spatial statistics, to reveal white-matter alterations associated with *** and neurocognitive differences were compared between identified subgroups and healthy controls. With fractional anisotropy extracted from 20 fiber tracts, cluster analysis revealed 3 subgroups based on the patterns of abnormalities. Patients in each subgroup versus healthy controls showed a stepwise pattern of white-matter alterations as follows: subgroup 1(25.9% of patient sample),widespread white-matter disruption;subgroup 2(43.1% of patient sample), intermediate and more localized abnormalities in aspects of the corpus callosum and left cingulate;and subgroup 3(31.0% of patient sample),possible mild alterations, but no statistically significant tract disruption after controlling for family-wise error. The neurocognitive impairment in each subgroup accompanied the white-matter alterations: subgroup 1, deficits in sustained attention and delayed memory;subgroup 2, dysfunction in delayed memory;and subgroup 3, no significant deficits. Three subtypes of white-matter abnormality exist in individuals with major depression, those having widespread abnormalities suffering more neurocognitive impairments, which may provide evidence for parsing the heterogeneity of the disorder and help optimize typespecific treatment approaches.

关键词： Major depressive disorder Hierarchal clustering Diffusion tensor imaging biotype Heterogeneity

Comparative Morphology and Morphometry of Six biotypes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第5期12卷 846-852页

作者： LI Jing-jing TANG Qing-bo BAI Run-e LI Xiao-min JIANG Jin-we ZHAI Qing YAN Feng-ming College of Plant Protection Henan Agricultural University

Morphology and morphometry of six biotypes （B, Q, Cv, ZHJ-1, ZHJ-2 and ZHJ-3） of Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） from China on cotton plants were studied by using microscopes. Nymphal body sizes and characters were measured and observed, especially on the 4th instar （pupal case）, including the vasiform orifice, operculum, lingula, length and thickness of anterior and posterior wax margins, width of thoracic tracheal combs. Adult characters of both sexes were investigated including the body size, compound eyes, antennal segments, vasiform orifice, hind tarsi and genitals. The results indicated that differences of some morphological characters or morphometrics were significant among the six biotypes of B. tabaci in China：（1） Pupal sizes of the exotic biotypes （B and Q） were significantly larger than the indigenous biotypes with the following order as B〉Q〉ZHJ-I〉Cv〉ZHJ-3〉ZHJ-2; （2） for both male and female adults, sizes of all characters investigated in the invading biotypes （B and Q）, especially B, were much larger than those of the indigenous ones.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci biotype morphology morphometry nymph adult size wax margin vasiform orifice antennalsegments

Soybean aphid intrabiotype variability based on colonization of specific soybean genotypes

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Insect Science 2015年第6期22卷 785-792页

作者： Michelle Pawlowski Curtis B. Hill David J. Voegtlin Glen L. Hartman Department of Crop Sciences National Soybean Research Center University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA Center for EconomicEntomology Illinois Natural History Survey University of Illinois Champaign Illinois USA USDA Agricultural Research Service National Soybean Research Center University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura （Hemiptera： Aphididae）, is one of the most destructive insect pests on soybeans in the United States. One method for managing this pest is through host plant resistance. Since its arrival in 2000, 4 aphid biotypes have been identified that are able to overcome soybean aphid resistance （Rag） genes. A soybean aphid isolate collected from Moline, Illinois readily colonized soybean plants with the soybean aphid resistance gene Rag2, unlike biotypes 1 and 2, but similar to soybean aphid biotype 3. Two no-choice experiments compared the virulence of the Moline isolate with biotype 3. In both experiments, differences in aphid population counts were not significant （P 〉 0.05） on soybean genotypes LD08-12957a （Rag2） and LD11-5413a （Rag2）, but the aphid counts for the Moline isolate were significantly （P 〈 0.05） lower than the aphid counts for the biotype 3 isolate on the soybean genotypes Dowling （Rag1）, LD05-16611 （Rag1）, LD11-4576a （Rag1）, and P1567598B （raglb and rag3）. The Moline isolate was a variant of aphid biotype 3, which is the first report showing that soybean aphid isolates classified as the same biotype, based on virulence against specific Rag genes, can differ in aggressiveness or ability to colonize specific host genotypes.

关键词： Aphis glycines biotype biotype variant soybean soybean aphid resistance

Polymorphisms in salivary-gland transcripts of Russian wheat aphid biotypes 1 and 2

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Insect Science 2012年第4期19卷 429-440页

作者： Feng Cui Michael Smith John Reese Owain Edwards Gerald Reeck Department of Biochemistry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA State Key Laboratory of Integrated Managementof Pest Insects&Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Entomology Kansas StateUniversityManhattanKansasUSA CSIRO Entomology Canberra CooperaEve Research Centre for Plant Biosecufity CanberraAustralia

The Russian wheat aphid （RWA）, Diuraphis noxia （Mordvilko）（Homoptera： Aphididae）, is a major pest of small grains. As with plant-feeding aphids in general, the interaction between RWA and host plants is governed, on the insect side, by proteins and enzymes in saliva. In this work, we examined sequence variations in transcripts encoding proteins and enzymes of RWA salivary glands. We conducted reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction in RWA biotypes 1 and 2 using primers derived from pea aphid orthologs, and cloned regions of 17 putative salivary gland transcripts. For four of the transcripts, we observed no difference in sequences between the two biotypes. For the other 13 transcripts, for example, the transcripts encoding sucrase, trehalase and protein C002, large amount of variations, both within each biotype and between the two biotypes, were observed. Usually the two biotypes shared only one variant, which was typically the most common variant in both biotypes. Most of the transcripts had more non-synonymous than synonymous codon changes among their variants. Our results offer possible molecular markers for distinguishing the two biotypes and insights into their evolution.

关键词： biotype molecular marker polymorphism Russian wheat aphid salivarygland transcript

Identification of three major Bemisia tabaci biotypes in China based on morphological and DNA polymorphisms

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第6期19卷 713-718页

作者： Muhammad Z.Ahmed Vartika Mathur Department of Entomology South China Agricultural University Department of Zoology Sri Venkateswara CollegeUniversity of Delhi

The sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is a complex species, and many of its biotypes are important agricultural pests. The B and Q biotypes are invasive and coexist with the native Cv biotype on vegetable and ornamental crops in China. In this study, these three bio- types were identified based on their morphological characteristics, RAPD-PCR analysis, and DNA sequences of the COI gene. The ante-rior and posterior wax fringes of the B, Q, and Cv biotypes significantly differed from each other. Based on this morphological characteristic, the three biotypes can easily be distinguished in greenhouses and fields. Genomic DNA RAPD-PCR band patterns also revealed differences between these biotypes using the H16 primer. The B biotype has three bright DNA bands between 250 and 600 bp, the Q biotype only has one bright band at 300 bp, while the Cv biotype has no band between 250 and 500 bp. Both the Cv and Q biotypes have two bright bands at 750 and 1000 bp while the B biotype has only one band at 1000 bp. Based on the COI gene, the genetic identity between B and Cv, B and Q, and Q and CV was 85.8%, 94.7%, and 86.0%, respectively. The MP tree indicated that the phylogenetic relationship between the B and Q biotypes is much closer than that between the B and Cv or the Q and Cv biotypes. The uses of the morphological, RAPD-PCR, and DNA sequencing methods in biotype identification of B. tabaci are discussed.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci complex biotype DNA polymorphism Identification Morphology