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bioterrorism : Psychological and public health interventions

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Biosafety and biosecurity in the era of biotechnology:The Middle East region

2004年

作者：匿名

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2022年第2期4卷 130-145页

作者： Laith AL-Eitan Malek Alnemri Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan

Biotechnology became a paradigm-shifting science among all subfields of *** benefits of biotechnology have reached many practical fields,whether human health,animal,and/or ***,wherever there is a biotechnology practice,there is an associated biohazard with it,and its negative impact may reach all living entities including ***,the cooperation of the leading institutions in this field has culminated in creating the concepts and applications of biosafety and *** countries of the Middle East are considered biotechnology-practicing and have shown a clear acceptance to this *** unfortunately,the Middle East region is one that is facing the most multichallenges,which would constitute real and noticeable concern at the local and international *** challenges represented by wars and armed conflicts,deteriorating economic conditions,the large number of refugees,and the spread of many ***,limiting the region’s ability to deal with the surrounding biological hazards and struggling the way to the one health ***,this article aims to shed light on the activities of the Middle East countries in the field of biotechnology and to address potential biological threats,whether natural such as the spread of viruses,or intentional such as biological attacks and *** article also shows the capacity of the countries of the region in the field of biosafety and biosecurity based on available ***,some countries are lacking the required level of preparedness to face potential biological ***-institutional and international cooperation between the concerned countries will significantly enhance the capacity of the region in biosafety and biosecurity to meet the level of biological *** methodology:wide range of related keywords(based on the section)combined with the name of the region,or one country individually have been searched using available search engines a

关键词： Biosafety Biosecurity Biotechnology bioterrorism Biological weapons Middle east Viruses

Biological Weapons Defense : Infectious Diseases and Counterbioterrorism 1

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Security Measures Against CBRN Threats:Case Study Olympic Games

丛书名： Infectious Disease

2005年

作者： Lindler Luther E. Lebeda Frank J. Korch George.

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China Communications 2007年第3期4卷 48-53页

作者： P.Stavroulakis Technical University of Crete Greece

In this paper we present how an serious security relevant event can be taken care of duing Olympic *** healthcare treatment will be given to injured persons during nuclear radiological biological attacks or in the case of physical disasters. The "Emergency-112" wireless telemedicine platform provides the hardware and software inrastructures in order to cope with the most extreme scenarios.A fully autonomous mobile system interconnects a group of injured persons with the expert medical *** unlimited capabilities of the system allows the Emergency-112 platform to be sed for rescue and surveillance operations regardless the terrain or the weather conditions.A dynamic hybrid system monitors the available spectrum and actively switches between different telecommunication access gateways.

关键词： emergency telemedicine mobile and satellite comms bandwidth allocation management bioterrorism

Yersinia pestis, a problem of the past and a re-emerging threat

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Biosafety and Health 2019年第2期1卷 65-70页

作者： Jae-Llane Ditchburn Ryan Hodgkins Institute of Science Natural Resources and Outdoor StudiesUniversity of CumbriaCarlisleCumbria CA12HHUK

Yersinia pestis is the bacteria that causes plague,one of the deadliest diseases in human *** major plague pandemics(the Justinian Plague,the Black Death and the Modern Plague)have been *** caused massive fatalities and has become defining events in the time periods in places that were *** presence of natural plague foci in rodents across the world is one of the risk factors for human *** plague is a relatively rare problem for most countries,more than 90%of plague cases in the world still occur in *** article discusses the threat of Yersinia pestis in the modern world by considering its prevalence and severity of illness it causes,transmission,antibiotic resistance,and its potential as a bioweapon.

关键词： Humans Plague Yersinia pestis bioterrorism Pandemics Bacteria Cephapirin Drug resistance Microbial Africa

Biosafety and biosecurity

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2019年第1期1卷 15-18页

作者： Dongsheng Zhou Hongbin Song Jianwei Wang Zhenjun Li Shuai Xu Xingzhao Ji Xuexin Hou Jianguo Xu State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina Institute of Disease Control and Prevention Academy of Military Medical SciencesBeijingChina MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

With the profound changes in the international security situation,the progression of globalization,and the continuous advancement of biotechnology,the risks and challenges posed by major infectious diseases and bioterrorism to the international community are also ***,therefore,presents new opportunities for international cooperation and global *** world has become more integrated and now shares a common destiny in terms of *** the face of the current risks and challenges,the international community must work together to avert threats,advance mutual interests,and safeguard global *** the context of the current situation regarding biosafety and biosecurity,we conducted the present analysis,and present here some appropriate countermeasures.

关键词： Biosafety and biosecurity Biotechnology International cooperation Infectious disease bioterrorism

The effectiveness of the department of defense's field manual 3-11 in detecting,deterring and degrading the breach of a combat base by a human-borne with bioagent(HBBA):perceptions of security personnel

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2016年第2期31卷 66-72页

作者： George Edafese Alakpa John W.Collins Jr Department of Professional Security Studies New Jersey City University

Background: The department of defense's field manual(FM) 3-11 is among the military's field manuals for preparing for, reacting to and recovering from chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear attacks. Since post 9-11, U.S. military service members have been deployed in the global war on terrorism. This study attempted to determine the effectiveness of the FM 3-11 in detecting, deterring or preventing a human-borne with bioagent(HBBA) terrorist breach at an entry control point(ECP).Methods: This time-specific, cross-sectional study disseminated a validated survey tool with Cronbach's α>0.82 to respondents who have had antiterrorism training and combat ECP experience. The return rate was greater than 75.0%; however, many of the respondents failed to meet the inclusion criteria. Consequently, only 26 questionnaires were included in the ***: The results revealed that while over 60.0% of the respondents either strongly agreed or agreed that biointelligence, the deployment of biodetectors and the use of biowarning systems could be effective in preventing an ECP breach by a terrorist with a bioagent, the use of protective equipment and immunization to decontaminate service members or other tactics, techniques and procedures(TTPs) would never prevent a breach. A large percentage of respondents claimed that soldiers at the ECP lacked the devices or the knowledge to detect an HBBA at an ECP, and 72.0% suggested modifying current ECP TTPs to include education, training and equipment for security personnel at military base ***: If obtained from appropriate sources and communicated to the personnel at the ECP in an effective or timely manner, the possible effectiveness of certain TTPs in the FM 3-11, specifically FM 3-11.86(intelligence), might increase.

关键词： Do D FM 3-11 bioterrorism Breach of Combat ECP HBBA terrorist Security personnel Perception

Disaster preparedness, pediatric considerations in primary blast injury, chemical, and biological terrorism

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2014年第1期3卷 15-23页

作者： Mitchell Hamele William Bradley Poss Jill Sweney Division of Pediatric Critical Care Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84108 United States

Both domestic and foreign terror incidents are an unfortunate outgrowth of our modern times from the Oklahoma City bombings, Sarin gas attacks in Japan, the Madrid train bombing, anthrax spores in the mail, to the World Trade Center on September 11 th, 2001. The modalities used to perpetrate these terrorist acts range from conventional weapons to high explosives, chemical weapons, and biological weapons all of which have been used in the recent past. While these weapons platforms can cause significant injury requiring critical care the mechanism of injury, pathophysiology and treatment of these injuries are unfamiliar to many critical care providers. Additionally the pediatric population is particularly vulnerable to these types of attacks. In the event of a mass casualty incident both adult and pediatric critical care practitioners will likely be called upon to care for children and adults alike. We will review the presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment of victims of blast injury, chemical weapons, and biological weapons. The focus will be on those injuries not commonly encountered in critical care practice, primary blast injuries, category A pathogens likely to be used in terrorist incidents, and chemical weapons including nerve agents, vesicants, pulmonary agents, cyanide, and riot control agents with special attention paid to pediatric specific considerations.

关键词： Terrorism bioterrorism Chemical terrorism Blast injuries Mass casualty incidents Disasters Pediatrics

The possibility of a human-borne with bioagent terrorist at foreign Forward Operating Bases entry control point:the perceptions of U.S. military or security personnel,a preliminary report

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 2016年第1期31卷 22-27页

作者： George Edafese Alakpa John W.Collins Jr Department of Professional Security Studies New Jersey City University

Background:The global war on terrorism has prompted an increase in the deployment of security personnel from multi-national forces on foreign lands,especially in places where known terrorist groups are *** aim of this study was to obtain *** and security personnel's perceptions of the possibility of encountering a humanborne with bioagent(HBBA) terrorist at an entry control point(ECP).Methods:This study was a mixed-method,cross-sectional,survey-based,time-limited study.A validated,five-option Likert scale questionnaire with Cronbach's alphas of 0.82 and 0.894 for Constructs 1 and 2 was distributed to over 113 respondents with combat ***:The results indicated that 92.3% of the respondents thought it was possible for a terrorist to employ a biological agent to cause terror; 61.5% claimed it was either possible or very possible,and 26.9% claimed it was somewhat possible for a terrorist carrying a biological agent to successfully breach a combat Forward Operating Bases(FOB) ECP undetected.26.9% of the respondents agreed that "ECP soldiers are knowledgeable about bioagents(BA)",only 15.4% responded that ECP soldiers have effective devices for detecting a BA on a terrorist at an ***:Despite some limitations,this pre-study tends to indicate that while many *** or security personnel acknowledge the possibility of an HBBA terrorist breach and the vulnerability of *** post ECPs to a BA breach,the soldiers at the ECPs lack adequate knowledge or devices to effectively detect a BA on a terrorist at an ECP.

关键词： Human-borne with bioagent(HBBA) terrorist bioterrorism Combat post ECP